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Chen D, Qu W, Xiang Y, Zhao J, Shen G. People of Lower Social Status Are More Sensitive to Hedonic Product Information-Electrophysiological Evidence From an ERP Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:147. [PMID: 31156410 PMCID: PMC6530418 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumer psychology research has shown that individuals of different social statuses have distinctive purchase intentions for different products. Individuals of a high social status will simultaneously measure the symbolic status meaning and utilitarian value of a product, but they will not show strong preferences for any attributes. However, individuals of a low social status show strong purchasing tendency for hedonic products that are associated with symbolic status meaning and could satisfy their spiritual needs. This phenomenon may be due to self-threat, which caused by hedonic products. Based on the above, this study compares the cognitive processing differences of hedonic and utilitarian label products between high- and low-social-status groups by recording event related potentials (ERPs). The results showed that under the P2, P3, and LPP components, the low-social-status group elicited smaller deflections in hedonic label stimuli than in utilitarian label stimuli. The high-social-status group did not show a significant difference in these components. These results suggested that individuals with a low social status are more sensitive to hedonic product information, because high-status information contained in the hedonic label induces a sense of threat in them and generates certain negative emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiguo Qu
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanhui Xiang
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaxu Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Guyu Shen
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Xiao YM, Chow P, Boman G, Bai LG, Rod E, Bommannavar A, Kenney-Benson C, Sinogeikin S, Shen GY. New developments in high pressure x-ray spectroscopy beamline at High Pressure Collaborative Access Team. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:072206. [PMID: 26233346 DOI: 10.1063/1.4926888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The 16 ID-D (Insertion Device - D station) beamline of the High Pressure Collaborative Access Team at the Advanced Photon Source is dedicated to high pressure research using X-ray spectroscopy techniques typically integrated with diamond anvil cells. The beamline provides X-rays of 4.5-37 keV, and current available techniques include X-ray emission spectroscopy, inelastic X-ray scattering, and nuclear resonant scattering. The recent developments include a canted undulator upgrade, 17-element analyzer array for inelastic X-ray scattering, and an emission spectrometer using a polycapillary half-lens. Recent development projects and future prospects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Xiao
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Chow
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Boman
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L G Bai
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - E Rod
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Bommannavar
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - C Kenney-Benson
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Sinogeikin
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Y Shen
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Chow P, Xiao YM, Rod E, Bai LG, Shen GY, Sinogeikin S, Gao N, Ding Y, Mao HK. Focusing polycapillary to reduce parasitic scattering for inelastic x-ray measurements at high pressure. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:072203. [PMID: 26233343 DOI: 10.1063/1.4926890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The double-differential scattering cross-section for the inelastic scattering of x-ray photons from electrons is typically orders of magnitude smaller than that of elastic scattering. With samples 10-100 μm size in a diamond anvil cell at high pressure, the inelastic x-ray scattering signals from samples are obscured by scattering from the cell gasket and diamonds. One major experimental challenge is to measure a clean inelastic signal from the sample in a diamond anvil cell. Among the many strategies for doing this, we have used a focusing polycapillary as a post-sample optic, which allows essentially only scattered photons within its input field of view to be refocused and transmitted to the backscattering energy analyzer of the spectrometer. We describe the modified inelastic x-ray spectrometer and its alignment. With a focused incident beam which matches the sample size and the field of view of polycapillary, at relatively large scattering angles, the polycapillary effectively reduces parasitic scattering from the diamond anvil cell gasket and diamonds. Raw data collected from the helium exciton measured by x-ray inelastic scattering at high pressure using the polycapillary method are compared with those using conventional post-sample slit collimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chow
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y M Xiao
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - E Rod
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L G Bai
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Y Shen
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Sinogeikin
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - N Gao
- Center for X-Ray Optics, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, USA and X-Ray Optical Systems, Inc., 90 Fuller Road, Albany, New York 12205, USA
| | - Y Ding
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H-K Mao
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, USA
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Zhu J, Zhang JL, Kong PP, Zhang SJ, Yu XH, Zhu JL, Liu QQ, Li X, Yu RC, Ahuja R, Yang WG, Shen GY, Mao HK, Weng HM, Dai X, Fang Z, Zhao YS, Jin CQ. Superconductivity in topological insulator Sb2Te3 induced by pressure. Sci Rep 2014; 3:2016. [PMID: 23783511 PMCID: PMC3687246 DOI: 10.1038/srep02016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Topological superconductivity is one of most fascinating properties of topological quantum matters that was theoretically proposed and can support Majorana Fermions at the edge state. Superconductivity was previously realized in a Cu-intercalated Bi2Se3 topological compound or a Bi2Te3 topological compound at high pressure. Here we report the discovery of superconductivity in the topological compound Sb2Te3 when pressure was applied. The crystal structure analysis results reveal that superconductivity at a low-pressure range occurs at the ambient phase. The Hall coefficient measurements indicate the change of p-type carriers at a low-pressure range within the ambient phase, into n-type at higher pressures, showing intimate relation to superconducting transition temperature. The first principle calculations based on experimental measurements of the crystal lattice show that Sb2Te3 retains its Dirac surface states within the low-pressure ambient phase where superconductivity was observed, which indicates a strong relationship between superconductivity and topology nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Ji H, Gu Q, Chen LL, Xu K, Ling X, Bao CJ, Tang FY, Qi X, Wu YQ, Ai J, Shen GY, Dong DJ, Yu HY, Huang M, Cao Q, Xu Y, Zhao W, Xu YT, Xia Y, Chen SH, Yang GL, Gu CL, Xie GX, Zhu YF, Zhu FC, Zhou MH. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics and risk factors for death of patients with avian influenza A H7N9 virus infection from Jiangsu Province, Eastern China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89581. [PMID: 24595034 PMCID: PMC3942409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A novel avian influenza A (H7N9) virus has caused great morbidity as well as mortality since its emergence in Eastern China in February 2013. However, the possible risk factors for death are not yet fully known. Methods and Findings Patients with H7N9 virus infection between March 1 and August 14, 2013 in Jiangsu province were enrolled. Data were collected with a standard form. Mean or percentage was used to describe the features, and Fisher's exact test or t-test test was used to compare the differences between fatal and nonfatal cases with H7N9 virus infection. A total of 28 patients with H7N9 virus infection were identified among whom, nine (32.1%) died. The median age of fatal cases was significant higher than nonfatal cases (P<0.05). Patients with older age were more strongly associated with increased odds of death (OR = 30.0; 95% CI, 2.85–315.62). Co-morbidity with chronic lung disease and hypertension were risk factors for mortality (OR = 14.40; 95% CI, 1.30–159.52, OR = 6.67; 95% CI, 1.09–40.43, respectively). Moreover, the presence of either bilateral lung inflammation or pulmonary consolidation on chest imaging on admission was related with fatal outcome (OR = 7.00; 95%CI, 1.10–44.61). Finally, dynamic monitoring showed that lymphopenia was more significant in fatal group than in nonfatal group from day 11 to week five (P<0.05). The decrease in oxygenation indexes were observed in most cases and more significantly in fatal cases after week three (P<0.05), and the value of nearly all fatal cases were below 200 mmHg during our evaluation period. Conclusions Among cases with H7N9 virus infection, increased age accompanied by co-morbidities was the risk of death. The severity of lung infection at admission, the persistence of lymphocytopenia, and the extended duration of lower oxygenation index all contributed to worsened outcomes of patients with H7N9 virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ji
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Gu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-ling Chen
- Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Ling
- Wuxi Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-jun Bao
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (CJB); (MHZ)
| | - Fen-yang Tang
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xian Qi
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying-qiu Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Ai
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gu-yu Shen
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan-jiang Dong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-yan Yu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mao Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quan Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang-ting Xu
- Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shan-hui Chen
- Wuxi Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gen-lin Yang
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai-ling Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guo-xiang Xie
- Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye-fei Zhu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng-cai Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming-hao Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (CJB); (MHZ)
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Cheng JG, Zhou JS, Goodenough JB, Zhou HD, Matsubayashi K, Uwatoko Y, Kong PP, Jin CQ, Yang WG, Shen GY. Pressure effect on the structural transition and suppression of the high-spin state in the triple-layer T'-La4Ni3O8. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:236403. [PMID: 23003979 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.236403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a comprehensive high-pressure study on the triple-layer T'-La4Ni3O8 with a suite of experimental probes, including structure determination, magnetic, and transport properties up to 50 GPa. Consistent with a recent ab inito calculation, application of hydrostatic pressure suppresses an insulator-metal spin-state transition at P(c)≈6 GPa. However, a low-spin metallic phase does not emerge after the high-spin state is suppressed to the lowest temperature. For P>20 GPa, the ambient T' structure transforms gradually to a T(†)-type structure, which involves a structural reconstruction from fluorite La-O2-La blocks under low pressures to rock-salt LaO-LaO blocks under high pressures. Absence of the metallic phase under pressure has been discussed in terms of local displacements of O2- ions in the fluorite block under pressure before a global T(†) phase is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-G Cheng
- Materials Science and Engineering Program/Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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Shen GY, Chen WR, Midtgaard J, Shepherd GM, Hines ML. Computational analysis of action potential initiation in mitral cell soma and dendrites based on dual patch recordings. J Neurophysiol 1999; 82:3006-20. [PMID: 10601436 DOI: 10.1152/jn.1999.82.6.3006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In olfactory mitral cells, dual patch recordings show that the site of action potential initiation can shift between soma and distal primary dendrite and that the shift is dependent on the location and strength of electrode current injection. We have analyzed the mechanisms underlying this shift, using a model of the mitral cell that takes advantage of the constraints available from the two recording sites. Starting with homogeneous Hodgkin-Huxley-like Na(+)-K(+) channel distribution in the soma-dendritic region and much higher sodium channel density in the axonal region, the model's channel kinetics and density were adjusted by a fitting algorithm so that the model response was virtually identical to the experimental data. The combination of loading effects and much higher sodium channel density in the axon relative to the soma-dendritic region results in significantly lower "voltage threshold" for action potential initiation in the axon; the axon therefore fires first unless the voltage gradient in the primary dendrite is steep enough for it to reach its higher threshold. The results thus provide a quantitative explanation for the stimulus strength and position dependence of the site of action potential initiation in the mitral cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Y Shen
- Section of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
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Henry HL, Fried S, Shen GY, Barrack SA, Okamura WH. Effect of three A-ring analogs of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on 25-OH-D3-1 alpha-hydroxylase in isolated mitochondria and on 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 metabolism in cultured kidney cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1991; 38:775-9. [PMID: 2064993 DOI: 10.1016/0960-0760(91)90091-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Three A-ring analogs of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3)--2-nor-1,3-seco-1,25(OH)2D3 (2-nor analog), 2-oxa-3-deoxy-25-OH-D3 (2-oxa analog), and A-homo-3-deoxy-3,3-dimethyl-2,4-dioxa-25-OH-D3 (A-homo analog)--were tested for their ability to inhibit 25-OH-D3-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha-hydroxylase) in isolated mitochondria and to alter 25-OH-D3 metabolism in cultured chick kidney cells. The 2-nor and 2-oxa analogs were relatively potent (Kis of 60 and 30 nM, respectively, compared with 170 nM for 1,25(OH)2D3), whereas the A-homo analog was completely ineffective in inhibiting 1 alpha-hydroxylase activity. In contrast, all three analogs were able to repress 1 alpha-hydroxylase and induce 24-hydroxylase activity in cultured chick kidney cells, suggesting that this process is not one of direct action in the mitochondria, but is more likely to be a receptor-mediated one.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Henry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside 92521
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