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Alesi V, Genovese S, Roberti MC, Sallicandro E, Di Tommaso S, Loddo S, Orlando V, Pompili D, Calacci C, Mei V, Pisaneschi E, Faggiano MV, Morgia A, Mammì C, Astrea G, Battini R, Priolo M, Dentici ML, Milone R, Novelli A. Structural rearrangements as a recurrent pathogenic mechanism for SETBP1 haploinsufficiency. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:29. [PMID: 38520002 PMCID: PMC10960460 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal structural rearrangements consist of anomalies in genomic architecture that may or may not be associated with genetic material gain and loss. Evaluating the precise breakpoint is crucial from a diagnostic point of view, highlighting possible gene disruption and addressing to appropriate genotype-phenotype association. Structural rearrangements can either occur randomly within the genome or present with a recurrence, mainly due to peculiar genomic features of the surrounding regions. We report about three non-related individuals, harboring chromosomal structural rearrangements interrupting SETBP1, leading to gene haploinsufficiency. Two out of them resulted negative to Chromosomal Microarray Analysis (CMA), being the rearrangement balanced at a microarray resolution. The third one, presenting with a complex three-chromosome rearrangement, had been previously diagnosed with SETBP1 haploinsufficiency due to a partial gene deletion at one of the chromosomal breakpoints. We thoroughly characterized the rearrangements by means of Optical Genome Mapping (OGM) and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS), providing details about the involved sequences and the underlying mechanisms. We propose structural variants as a recurrent event in SETBP1 haploinsufficiency, which may be overlooked by laboratory routine genomic analyses (CMA and Whole Exome Sequencing) or only partially determined when associated with genomic losses at breakpoints. We finally introduce a possible role of SETBP1 in a Noonan-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Alesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - M C Roberti
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - E Sallicandro
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - S Di Tommaso
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - S Loddo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - V Orlando
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - D Pompili
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - C Calacci
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - V Mei
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - E Pisaneschi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - M V Faggiano
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - A Morgia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - C Mammì
- Operative Unit of Medical Genetics, Great Metropolitan Hospital of Reggio Calabria, 89100, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - G Astrea
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125, Pisa, Italy
| | - R Battini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Priolo
- Operative Unit of Medical Genetics, Great Metropolitan Hospital of Reggio Calabria, 89100, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - M L Dentici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - R Milone
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
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Biagi L, Lenzi S, Cipriano E, Fiori S, Bosco P, Cristofani P, Astrea G, Pini A, Cioni G, Mercuri E, Tosetti M, Battini R. Neural substrates of neuropsychological profiles in dystrophynopathies: A pilot study of diffusion tractography imaging. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250420. [PMID: 33939732 PMCID: PMC8092766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive difficulties and neuropsychological alterations in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD, BMD) boys are not yet sufficiently explored, although this topic could have a relevant impact, finding novel biomarkers of disease both at genetics and neuroimaging point of view. The current study aims to: 1) analyze the neuropsychological profile of a group of DMD and BMD boys without cognitive impairment with an assessment of their executive functions; 2) explore the structural connectivity in DMD, BMD, and age-matched controls focusing on cortico-subcortical tracts that connect frontal cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum via the thalamus; 3) explore possible correlations between altered structural connectivity and clinical neuropsychological measures. Materials and methods This pilot study included 15 boys (5 DMD subjects, 5 BMD subjects, and 5 age-matched typically developing, TD). They were assessed using a neuropsychological assessment protocol including cognitive and executive functioning assessment and performed a 1.5T MRI brain exam including advance Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) method for tractography. Structural connectivity measurements were extracted along three specific tracts: Cortico-Ponto-Cerebellar Tract (CPCT), Cerebellar-Thalamic Tract (CTT), and Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus (SLF). Cortical-Spinal Tract (CST) was selected for reference, as control tract. Results Regarding intellectual functioning, a major impairment in executive functions compared to the general intellectual functioning was observed both for DMD (mean score = 86.20; SD = 11.54) and for BMD children (mean score = 88; SD = 3.67). Mean FA resulted tendentially always lower in DMD compared to both BMD and TD groups for all the examined tracts. The differences in FA were statistically significant for the right CTT (DMD vs BMD, p = 0.002, and DMD vs TD, p = 0.0015) and the right CPCT (DMD vs TD, p = 0.008). Concerning DMD, significant correlations emerged between FA-R-CTT and intellectual quotients (FIQ, p = 0.044; ρs = 0.821), and executive functions (Denomination Total, p = 0.044, ρs = 0.821; Inhibition Total, p = 0.019, ρs = 0.900). BMD showed a significant correlation between FA-R-CPCT and working memory index (p = 0.007; ρs = 0.949). Discussion and conclusion In this pilot study, despite the limitation of sample size, the findings support the hypothesis of the involvement of a cerebellar-thalamo-cortical loop for the neuropsychological profile of DMD, as the CTT and the CPCT are involved in the network and the related brain structures are known to be implied in executive functions. Our results suggest that altered WM connectivity and reduced fibre organization in cerebellar tracts, probably due to the lack of dystrophin in the brain, may render less efficient some neuropsychological functions in children affected by dystrophinopathies. The wider multicentric study could help to better establish the role of cerebellar connectivity in neuropsychological profile for dystrophinopathies, identifying possible novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Biagi
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Lenzi
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emilio Cipriano
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Fiori
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Bosco
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Cristofani
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guia Astrea
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Pini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cioni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eugenio Mercuri
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Catholic University and Nemo Center, Policlinico Universitario Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Tosetti
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Battini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- * E-mail:
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3
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Battini R, Lenzi S, Lucibello S, Chieffo D, Moriconi F, Cristofani P, Bulgheroni S, Cumbo F, Pane M, Baranello G, Alfieri P, Astrea G, Cioni G, Vicari S, Mercuri E. Longitudinal data of neuropsychological profile in a cohort of Duchenne muscular dystrophy boys without cognitive impairment. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:319-327. [PMID: 33658162 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to re-assess neuropsychological profile in a group of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy without intellectual disability and neuropsychiatric disorder three years apart from a previous evaluation, to establish possible changes over time. We were also interested in defining more in detail correlation between genotype and neuropsychological phenotype. Thirty-three of the previous 40 subjects (mean age at follow up: 10 years and 7 months) agreed to participate in the follow up study and to perform the new assessment. The results confirm a typical neuropsychological profile, with difficulty in the manipulation of stored information, poor abstract reasoning and planning capacity and impulsiveness, supporting the involvement of a cerebellar striatal cortical network for these children. The more detailed description of subgroups of subjects, according to the real expression of Dp140, let to reveal possible genotype-neuropsychological phenotype correlations, and a more general neuropsychological impairment emerged in boys without Dp140 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Battini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Viale del Tirreno 341/ ABC, Calambrone, Pisa 56128, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi10, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - S Lenzi
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Viale del Tirreno 341/ ABC, Calambrone, Pisa 56128, Italy
| | - S Lucibello
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Catholic University and Nemo Center, Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8. Rome, Italy
| | - D Chieffo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Catholic University and Nemo Center, Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8. Rome, Italy
| | - F Moriconi
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Catholic University and Nemo Center, Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8. Rome, Italy
| | - P Cristofani
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Viale del Tirreno 341/ ABC, Calambrone, Pisa 56128, Italy
| | - S Bulgheroni
- Developmental Neurology Division, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - F Cumbo
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Science, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Piazza di Sant'Onofrio, 4. Rome 00165, Italy
| | - M Pane
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Catholic University and Nemo Center, Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8. Rome, Italy
| | - G Baranello
- Developmental Neurology Division, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - P Alfieri
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Science, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Piazza di Sant'Onofrio, 4. Rome 00165, Italy
| | - G Astrea
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Viale del Tirreno 341/ ABC, Calambrone, Pisa 56128, Italy
| | - G Cioni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Viale del Tirreno 341/ ABC, Calambrone, Pisa 56128, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Vicari
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Science, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Piazza di Sant'Onofrio, 4. Rome 00165, Italy; Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8, Rome, Italy
| | - E Mercuri
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Catholic University and Nemo Center, Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8. Rome, Italy
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4
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Neri M, Rossi R, Trabanelli C, Mauro A, Selvatici R, Falzarano MS, Spedicato N, Margutti A, Rimessi P, Fortunato F, Fabris M, Gualandi F, Comi G, Tedeschi S, Seia M, Fiorillo C, Traverso M, Bruno C, Giardina E, Piemontese MR, Merla G, Cau M, Marica M, Scuderi C, Borgione E, Tessa A, Astrea G, Santorelli FM, Merlini L, Mora M, Bernasconi P, Gibertini S, Sansone V, Mongini T, Berardinelli A, Pini A, Liguori R, Filosto M, Messina S, Vita G, Toscano A, Vita G, Pane M, Servidei S, Pegoraro E, Bello L, Travaglini L, Bertini E, D'Amico A, Ergoli M, Politano L, Torella A, Nigro V, Mercuri E, Ferlini A. The Genetic Landscape of Dystrophin Mutations in Italy: A Nationwide Study. Front Genet 2020; 11:131. [PMID: 32194622 PMCID: PMC7063120 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystrophinopathies are inherited diseases caused by mutations in the dystrophin (DMD) gene for which testing is mandatory for genetic diagnosis, reproductive choices and eligibility for personalized trials. We genotyped the DMD gene in our Italian cohort of 1902 patients (BMD n = 740, 39%; DMD n =1162, 61%) within a nationwide study involving 11 diagnostic centers in a 10-year window (2008–2017). In DMD patients, we found deletions in 57%, duplications in 11% and small mutations in 32%. In BMD, we found deletions in 78%, duplications in 9% and small mutations in 13%. In BMD, there are a higher number of deletions, and small mutations are more frequent than duplications. Among small mutations that are generally frequent in both phenotypes, 44% of DMD and 36% of BMD are nonsense, thus, eligible for stop codon read-through therapy; 63% of all out-of-frame deletions are eligible for single exon skipping. Patients were also assigned to Italian regions and showed interesting regional differences in mutation distribution. The full genetic characterization in this large, nationwide cohort has allowed us to draw several correlations between DMD/BMD genotype landscapes and mutation frequency, mutation types, mutation locations along the gene, exon/intron architecture, and relevant protein domain, with effects on population genetic characteristics and new personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Neri
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rachele Rossi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cecilia Trabanelli
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Mauro
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rita Selvatici
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Falzarano
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Noemi Spedicato
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alice Margutti
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Rimessi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Fortunato
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marina Fabris
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giacomo Comi
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Tedeschi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Seia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Paediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, University of Genoa and G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Monica Traverso
- Paediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, University of Genoa and G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudio Bruno
- Center of Translational and Experimental Myology, IRCCS Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Merla
- Division of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Milena Cau
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Monica Marica
- Clinica Pediatrica e Malattie Rare, Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carmela Scuderi
- Unit of Neuromuscular Diseases, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Eugenia Borgione
- Unit of Neuromuscular Diseases, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tessa
- Department of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guia Astrea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Luciano Merlini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Mora
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Pia Bernasconi
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gibertini
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Sansone
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Mongini
- Neuromuscular Center, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Angela Berardinelli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, "Casimiro Mondino" Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Pini
- Child Neurology Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- Department of Biomedical and Neuro Motor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Filosto
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina and Nemo Sud Clinical Center, Messina, Italy
| | - Gianluca Vita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina and Nemo Sud Clinical Center, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Toscano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina and Nemo Sud Clinical Center, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina and Nemo Sud Clinical Center, Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Pane
- Centro Clinico Nemo, Policlinico A. Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Serenella Servidei
- UOC Neurofisiopatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Bello
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Lorena Travaglini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Adele D'Amico
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Ergoli
- Cardiomiology and Medical Genetics, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- Cardiomiology and Medical Genetics, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalaura Torella
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio Mercuri
- Centro Clinico Nemo, Policlinico A. Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Pediatric Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferlini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Dubowitz Neuromuscular Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Bello L, D'Angelo G, Bruno C, Berardinelli A, Comi G, D'Amico A, Astrea G, Politano L, Baranello G, Sansone V, Previtali S, Vita G, Mongini T, Pini A, Mercuri E, Calore C, Vianello A, Hoffman E, McDonald C, Pegoraro E. P.267Modifiers of respiratory and cardiac function in the Italian Duchenne muscular dystrophy network and CINRG Duchenne natural history study. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Battini R, Chieffo D, Bulgheroni S, Piccini G, Pecini C, Lucibello S, Lenzi S, Moriconi F, Pane M, Astrea G, Baranello G, Alfieri P, Vicari S, Riva D, Cioni G, Mercuri E. Cognitive profile in Duchenne muscular dystrophy boys without intellectual disability: The role of executive functions. Neuromuscul Disord 2017; 28:122-128. [PMID: 29305139 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our prospective observational study was to assess profiles of cognitive function and a possible impairment of executive functions in a cohort of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy without intellectual and behavior disability. Forty Duchenne boys (range of age: 6 years to 11 years and 6 months) were assessed by Wechsler Intelligence scale and battery of tests including tasks assessing working memory and executive functions (inhibition and switching, problem solving and planning). In our cohort some aspects of cognitive function were often impaired. These included multitasking, problem solving, inhibition and working memory necessary to plan and direct goal oriented behavior. Our results support the suggestion that aspects of cognitive function could be impaired even in boys without intellectual disability and support the hypothesis that executive functions may play an important role in specific aspects of cognitive impairment in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Battini
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, and Nemo Center, UCSC Rome, Italy; Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone (Pisa), Italy
| | - D Chieffo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, and Nemo Center, UCSC Rome, Italy
| | - S Bulgheroni
- Developmental Neurology Division, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - G Piccini
- Unit of Child Neuropsichiatry, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - C Pecini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone (Pisa), Italy
| | - S Lucibello
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, and Nemo Center, UCSC Rome, Italy
| | - S Lenzi
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone (Pisa), Italy
| | - F Moriconi
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, and Nemo Center, UCSC Rome, Italy
| | - M Pane
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, and Nemo Center, UCSC Rome, Italy
| | - G Astrea
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone (Pisa), Italy
| | - G Baranello
- Developmental Neurology Division, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - P Alfieri
- Unit of Child Neuropsichiatry, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - S Vicari
- Unit of Child Neuropsichiatry, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - D Riva
- Developmental Neurology Division, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - G Cioni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone (Pisa), Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - E Mercuri
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, and Nemo Center, UCSC Rome, Italy.
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Fiorillo C, Astrea G, Savarese M, Cassandrini D, Brisca G, Trucco F, Pedemonte M, Trovato R, Ruggiero L, Vercelli L, D'Amico A, Tasca G, Pane M, Fanin M, Bello L, Broda P, Musumeci O, Rodolico C, Messina S, Vita GL, Sframeli M, Gibertini S, Morandi L, Mora M, Maggi L, Petrucci A, Massa R, Grandis M, Toscano A, Pegoraro E, Mercuri E, Bertini E, Mongini T, Santoro L, Nigro V, Minetti C, Santorelli FM, Bruno C. MYH7-related myopathies: clinical, histopathological and imaging findings in a cohort of Italian patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2016; 11:91. [PMID: 27387980 PMCID: PMC4936326 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-016-0476-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7)-related myopathies are emerging as an important group of muscle diseases of childhood and adulthood, with variable clinical and histopathological expression depending on the type and location of the mutation. Mutations in the head and neck domains are a well-established cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy whereas mutation in the distal regions have been associated with a range of skeletal myopathies with or without cardiac involvement, including Laing distal myopathy and Myosin storage myopathy. Recently the spectrum of clinical phenotypes associated with mutations in MYH7 has increased, blurring this scheme and adding further phenotypes to the list. A broader disease spectrum could lead to misdiagnosis of different congenital myopathies, neurogenic atrophy and other neuromuscular conditions. RESULTS As a result of a multicenter Italian study we collected clinical, histopathological and imaging data from a population of 21 cases from 15 families, carrying reported or novel mutations in MYH7. Patients displayed a variable phenotype including atypical pictures, as dropped head and bent spine, which cannot be classified in previously described groups. Half of the patients showed congenital or early infantile weakness with predominant distal weakness. Conversely, patients with later onset present prevalent proximal weakness. Seven patients were also affected by cardiomyopathy mostly in the form of non-compacted left ventricle. Muscle biopsy was consistent with minicores myopathy in numerous cases. Muscle MRI was meaningful in delineating a shared pattern of selective involvement of tibialis anterior muscles, with relative sparing of quadriceps. CONCLUSION This work adds to the genotype-phenotype correlation of MYH7-relatedmyopathies confirming the complexity of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fiorillo
- IRCCS Stella Maris, Molecular Medicine and Neuromuscular Disorders, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternad and Child Health, University of Genova, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - G Astrea
- IRCCS Stella Maris, Molecular Medicine and Neuromuscular Disorders, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Savarese
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - D Cassandrini
- IRCCS Stella Maris, Molecular Medicine and Neuromuscular Disorders, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Brisca
- Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Disorders, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Center of Myology and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Trucco
- Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Disorders, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Pedemonte
- Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Disorders, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - R Trovato
- IRCCS Stella Maris, Molecular Medicine and Neuromuscular Disorders, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Ruggiero
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - L Vercelli
- Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - A D'Amico
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - G Tasca
- Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - M Pane
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Fanin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - L Bello
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - P Broda
- Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Disorders, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - O Musumeci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Nemo Sud Clinical Centre, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - C Rodolico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Nemo Sud Clinical Centre, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Nemo Sud Clinical Centre, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - G L Vita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Nemo Sud Clinical Centre, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - M Sframeli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Nemo Sud Clinical Centre, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Gibertini
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Foundation C Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - L Morandi
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Foundation C Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Mora
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Foundation C Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - L Maggi
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Foundation C Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Petrucci
- Center for Neuromuscular and Neurological Rare Diseases, S. Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - R Massa
- Department of Systems Medicine (Neurology), University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M Grandis
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternad and Child Health, University of Genova, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Toscano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Nemo Sud Clinical Centre, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - E Pegoraro
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - E Mercuri
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - E Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - T Mongini
- Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - L Santoro
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - V Nigro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - C Minetti
- Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Disorders, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternad and Child Health, University of Genova, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - F M Santorelli
- IRCCS Stella Maris, Molecular Medicine and Neuromuscular Disorders, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Bruno
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Myology and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Fiorillo C, Savarese M, Astrea G, Cassandrini D, Ruggiero L, Fanin M, Vercelli L, D'Amico A, Pane M, Tasca G, Morandi M, Pegoraro E, Santoro L, Mercuri E, Mora M, Bertini E, Minetti C, Santorelli F, Nigro V, Bruno C. MYH7-related myopathies: Clinical, histopathological and imaging findings in a cohort of Italian patients. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Sframeli M, Sarkozy A, Bertoli M, Astrea G, Hudson J, Scoto M, Mein R, Yau M, Phadke R, Feng L, Sewry C, Robb S, Manzur A, Messina S, Bushby K, Muntoni F. Congenital muscular dystrophies in the UK population: Update of clinical and molecular spectrum of patients diagnosed over a 12-year period. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fiorillo C, Fattori F, Astrea G, Pedemonte M, Rubegni A, Trucco F, Tessa A, Savarese M, Baldacci J, Broda P, Bertini E, Minetti C, Nigro V, Bruno C, Santorelli F. X-linked myotubular myopathy in females. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Sframeli M, Sarkozy A, Astrea G, Scoto M, Feng L, Mein R, Yau M, Phadke R, Sewry C, Messina S, Robb S, Muntoni F. G.P.207. Neuromuscul Disord 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2014.06.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Astrea G, Brisca G, Fiorillo C, Valle M, Tosetti M, Bruno C, Santorelli FM, Battini R. Muscle MRI in TRPV4-related congenital distal SMA. Neurology 2012; 78:364-5. [PMID: 22291064 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318245295a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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13
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Fiorillo C, Moro F, Astrea G, Battini R, Gully C, Olschewski A, Auer-Grumbach M, Bruno C, F.M. Santorelli. P3.2 Novel mutation of TRPV4 in congenital distal SMA with vocal cord paralysis. Neuromuscul Disord 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.06.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Astrea G, Schessl J, Clement E, Tosetti M, Mercuri E, Rutherford M, Cioni G, Bönnemann CG, Muntoni F, Battini R. Muscle MRI in FHL1-linked reducing body myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2009; 19:689-91. [PMID: 19616434 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2009.06.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2009] [Revised: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Reducing body myopathy is a rare progressive myopathy identified by characteristic pathological findings and secondary to dominantly acting mutations in the X-linked FHL1 gene. We report muscle MRI findings in two patients affected by reducing body myopathy and in their carrier mothers. All four showed a distinctive pattern of muscle alteration, with a predominant involvement of postero-medial muscle at thigh level and of soleus at calf level, with a striking sparing of glutei muscles that also appeared to be hypertrophic. These findings may help in the differential diagnosis of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Astrea
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Stella Maris Scientific Institute, Pisa, Italy
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Mazzone ES, Messina S, Vasco G, Main M, Eagle M, D'Amico A, Doglio L, Politano L, Cavallaro F, Frosini S, Bello L, Magri F, Corlatti A, Zucchini E, Brancalion B, Rossi F, Ferretti M, Motta MG, Cecio MR, Berardinelli A, Alfieri P, Mongini T, Pini A, Astrea G, Battini R, Comi G, Pegoraro E, Morandi L, Pane M, Angelini C, Bruno C, Villanova M, Vita G, Donati MA, Bertini E, Mercuri E. Reliability of the North Star Ambulatory Assessment in a multicentric setting. Neuromuscul Disord 2009; 19:458-61. [PMID: 19553120 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2009.06.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2009] [Revised: 05/05/2009] [Accepted: 06/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of the North Star Ambulatory Assessment as a possible outcome measure in multicentric clinical trials. More specifically we wished to investigate the level of training needed for achieving a good interobserver reliability in a multicentric setting. The scale was specifically designed for ambulant children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and includes 17 items that are relevant for this cohort. Thirteen Italian centers participated in the study. In the first phase of the study we provided two training videos and an example of the scale performed on a child. After the first session of training, all the 13 examiners were asked to send a video with an assessment performed in their centre and to score all the videos collected. There were no difficulties in performing the items and in obtaining adequate videos with a hand held camera but the results showed a poor interobserver reliability (<.5). After a second training session with review and discussion of the videos previously scored, the same examiners were asked to score three new videos. The results of this session had an excellent interobserver reliability (.995). The level of agreement was maintained even when the same videos were rescored after a month, showing a significant intra-observer reliability (.95). Our results suggest that the NSAA is a test that can be easily performed, completed in 10 min and can be used in a multicentric setting, providing that adequate training is administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Mazzone
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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Coppedè F, Marini G, Bargagna S, Stuppia L, Minichilli F, Fontana I, Colognato R, Astrea G, Palka G, Migliore L. Folate gene polymorphisms and the risk of Down syndrome pregnancies in young Italian women. Am J Med Genet A 2006; 140:1083-91. [PMID: 16596679 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Maternal impairments in folate metabolism and elevated homocysteinemia are known risk factors for having a child with Down syndrome (DS) at a young age. The 80G>A polymorphism of the reduced folate carrier gene (RFC-1) has been recently demonstrated to affect plasma folate and homocysteine levels, alone or in combination with the 677C>T polymorphism in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene. We performed the present study on 80 Italian mothers of DS individuals, aged less than 35 at conception, and 111 Italian control mothers, to study the role of the RFC-1 80G>A, MTHFR 677C>T, and MTHFR 1298A>C genotypes to the risk of a DS offspring at a young maternal age. When polymorphisms were considered alone, both allele and genotype frequencies did not significantly differ between DS mothers and control mothers. However, the combined MTHFR677TT/RFC-1 80GG genotype was borderline associated with an increased risk (OR 6 (CI 95%: 1.0-35.9), P = 0.05), and to be MTHF1298AA/RFC-1 80(GA or AA) was inversely associated with the risk (OR 0.36 (CI 95%: 0.14-0.96), P = 0.04). Present results seem to indicate that none of the RFC-1 80G>A, MTHFR 677C>T, and MTHFR 1298A>C polymorphisms is an independent risk factor for a DS offspring at a young maternal age; however, a role for the combined MTHFR/RFC-1 genotypes in the risk of DS pregnancies among young Italian women cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Bargagna S, Astrea G, Perelli V, Rafanelli V. [Neuropsychiatric outcome in patients with congenital hypothyroidism precautiously treated: Risk factors analysis in a group of patients from Tuscany]. Minerva Pediatr 2006; 58:279-87. [PMID: 16832334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM In order to avoid an excessive medical monitoring and to obtain more functional medical controls for the outcome of children with early treated congenital hypothyroidism, the results of a neurological and psychiatric follow-up performed in area Pisana since 1990 are revised. This analysis gives some indications to get over the differences of the various methodological approaches and to get better rehabilitation treatment in respect to the individual needs. METHODS Our study group includes 52 children with early treated congenital hypothyroidism; a semiquantitative score was used to assess sociocultural level (SCL) of the family. Cognitive and language performances were evaluated by Griffiths Mental Development Scale and with Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R). RESULTS Study group mean total scores in cognitive tests are within the normal range, motor and language impairments have been noted, instead. These skills are significantly correlated with pretreatment serum thyroxine (T4). In addition a low SCL is a great risk factor for the occurrence of mild impairments in neuropsychological development. CONCLUSIONS In arranging the neuropsychological follow-up in early treated congenital hypothyroidism it is recommended to keep in mind the importance of the combination of neonatal endocrinological factors (in particular, pretreatment serum thyroxine) and SCL on the cognitive, motor and language development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bargagna
- Istituto Scientifico di Neuropsichiatria e Psicopedagogia dell'Età Evolutiva, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy.
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