RESIDUAL GASTRIC VOLUME IN MORBIDLY OBESE DIABETICS AFTER AN OVERNIGHT FASTING OR 3 HOURS OF A CARBOHYDRATE-ENRICHED SUPPLEMENT: A RANDOMIZED CROSSOVER PILOT STUDY

BACKGROUND

To reduce the risk of regurgitation during anesthesia for elective procedures, residual gastric volumes (RGV) have traditionally been minimized by overnight fasting. Prolonged preoperative fasting presents some adverse consequences and has been abandoned for most surgical procedures, except for obese and/or diabetic patients.

AIMS

The aim of this study was to assess the RGV in morbidly obese diabetic patients after traditional or abbreviated fasting.

METHODS

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Research with Human Beings from the Federal University of Mato Grosso, under number 179.017/2012. This is a prospective, randomized, and crossover design study in eight morbidly obese type II diabetic patients. RGV was measured endoscopically after either traditional overnight fasting of at least 8 hours, or after abbreviated fasting of 6 hours for solids and 3 hours for a drink containing water plus 25 g (12.5%) of maltodextrin. Data were expressed as mean and range and differences were compared with paired t-tests at p<0.05.

RESULTS

The study population had a mean age of 41.5 years (28-53), weight of 135 kg (113-196), body mass index of 48.2 kg/m2 (40-62.4), and type II diabetes for 4.5 years (1-10). The RGV after abbreviated fasting was 21.5 ml (5-40) vs 26.3 ml (7-65) after traditional fasting. This difference was not significant (p=0.82).

CONCLUSIONS

Gastric emptying in morbidly obese diabetic patients is similar after either traditional or abbreviated fasting with a carbohydrate drink.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida tardia após gastroplastia vertical

OBJETIVO: avaliar a qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à gastroplastia vertical (Sleeve). MÉTODOS: estudo de coorte histórica incluindo pacientes obesos mórbidos do Sistema Único de Saúde, cadastrados na base de dados do Hospital Geral Universitário da Universidade de Cuiabá. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à gastroplastia vertical e foram acompanhados por pelo menos um ano após a operação. As variáveis do estudo foram: qualidade de vida, perda de peso, melhora da hipertensão e do diabetes, e mortalidade. RESULTADOS: a amostra foi composta por 41 pacientes, sendo 13 (31,7%) homens e 28 (61,3%) mulheres, a média etária foi 37 anos, o peso médio inicial foi 136,4Kg e o IMC médio 50,3Kg/m², tempo médio de seguimento de 19,1 meses (12-32). Houve uma significante redução do peso (96,7Kg; p<0,001) e IMC (35,835Kg/m²; p<0,001). O índice de hipertensão diminuiu de 56% para 31,7% e de diabetes de 14,6% para 4,8% (p<0,001). A qualidade de vida melhorou em 92,5% dos pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: observamos que houve melhora da qualidade de vida na maioria, 92,5%, dos pacientes operados, representando a satisfação alcançada em virtude da melhora clínica decorrente da perda de peso, do diabetes e da hipertensão arterial

Mortality, weight loss and quality of life of patients with morbid obesity: evaluation of the surgical and medical treatment after 2 years

CONTEXT: The surgical treatment for morbid obesity is becoming common in this country. Only a few papers reported the long-term results of the surgical approach for morbid obesity, mainly in terms of quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To compare mortality rate, weight loss, improvement of both diabetes and hypertension, and quality of life of patients from the public healthcare in Cuiabá, MT, Brazil, who underwent either medical or surgical interventions after a minimum of 2 years. METHODS: The population of this study was constituted by morbidly obese patients who initiated treatment between June 2002 and December 2006. The casuistic consisted of 89 patients submitted to medical therapy and 76 patients who underwent surgical procedures. The main variables were weight loss, improvement of hypertension and diabetes, quality of life, and mortality. RESULTS: The overall results showed that weight loss was significant in the two groups (P<0.001); however surgical patients showed a greater loss than the medical group (P = 0.05). The improvement of diabetes and hypertension was significantly greater in the surgical group (P<0.001), in which no cases of diabetes persisted. There was an increase in cases of hypertension among patients receiving medical attention. Mortality occurred in six cases (6.7%) of the medical group and in five cases (6.6%) of the surgical group (P = 0.97). The median grade of the quality of life score obtained by surgical patients (2.37 [range: -2.50 to 3.00]) was significantly greater (P<0.001) when compared to the medical group (1.25 [range: -1.50 to 3.00]). CONCLUSION: The surgical group presented better results regarding the weight loss, quality of life and improvement of hypertension and diabetes. There was no significant difference in mortality rate between the two groups after a minimum of 2 years.