1
|
Lacher SB, Dörr J, de Almeida GP, Hönninger J, Bayerl F, Hirschberger A, Pedde AM, Meiser P, Ramsauer L, Rudolph TJ, Spranger N, Morotti M, Grimm AJ, Jarosch S, Oner A, Gregor L, Lesch S, Michaelides S, Fertig L, Briukhovetska D, Majed L, Stock S, Busch DH, Buchholz VR, Knolle PA, Zehn D, Dangaj Laniti D, Kobold S, Böttcher JP. PGE 2 limits effector expansion of tumour-infiltrating stem-like CD8 + T cells. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07254-x. [PMID: 38658748 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07254-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-specific TCF1+ stem-like CD8+ T cells can drive protective anticancer immunity through expansion and effector cell differentiation1-4; however, this response is dysfunctional in tumours. Current cancer immunotherapies2,5-9 can promote anticancer responses through TCF1+ stem-like CD8+ T cells in some but not all patients. This variation points towards currently ill-defined mechanisms that limit TCF1+CD8+ T cell-mediated anticancer immunity. Here we demonstrate that tumour-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) restricts the proliferative expansion and effector differentiation of TCF1+CD8+ T cells within tumours, which promotes cancer immune escape. PGE2 does not affect the priming of TCF1+CD8+ T cells in draining lymph nodes. PGE2 acts through EP2 and EP4 (EP2/EP4) receptor signalling in CD8+ T cells to limit the intratumoural generation of early and late effector T cell populations that originate from TCF1+ tumour-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes (TILs). Ablation of EP2/EP4 signalling in cancer-specific CD8+ T cells rescues their expansion and effector differentiation within tumours and leads to tumour elimination in multiple mouse cancer models. Mechanistically, suppression of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) signalling pathway underlies the PGE2-mediated inhibition of TCF1+ TIL responses. Altogether, we uncover a key mechanism that restricts the IL-2 responsiveness of TCF1+ TILs and prevents anticancer T cell responses that originate from these cells. This study identifies the PGE2-EP2/EP4 axis as a molecular target to restore IL-2 responsiveness in anticancer TILs to achieve cancer immune control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian B Lacher
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Janina Dörr
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gustavo P de Almeida
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, TUM, Freising, Germany
| | - Julian Hönninger
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine and Health, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Bayerl
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Hirschberger
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Anna-Marie Pedde
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Philippa Meiser
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Ramsauer
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas J Rudolph
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Nadine Spranger
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Matteo Morotti
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) and UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alizee J Grimm
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) and UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Jarosch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine and Health, TUM, Munich, Germany
- Boehringer Ingelheim, Biberach, Germany
| | - Arman Oner
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Gregor
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Lesch
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanos Michaelides
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Luisa Fertig
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daria Briukhovetska
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lina Majed
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophia Stock
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, a partnership between DKFZ and LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine and Health, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Veit R Buchholz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine and Health, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Percy A Knolle
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Dietmar Zehn
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, TUM, Freising, Germany
| | - Denarda Dangaj Laniti
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) and UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, a partnership between DKFZ and LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
- Einheit für Klinische Pharmakologie (EKLiP), Helmholtz Munich, Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jan P Böttcher
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meiser P, Knolle MA, Hirschberger A, de Almeida GP, Bayerl F, Lacher S, Pedde AM, Flommersfeld S, Hönninger J, Stark L, Stögbauer F, Anton M, Wirth M, Wohlleber D, Steiger K, Buchholz VR, Wollenberg B, Zielinski CE, Braren R, Rueckert D, Knolle PA, Kaissis G, Böttcher JP. A distinct stimulatory cDC1 subpopulation amplifies CD8 + T cell responses in tumors for protective anti-cancer immunity. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1498-1515.e10. [PMID: 37451271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) can support T cell responses within tumors but whether this determines protective versus ineffective anti-cancer immunity is poorly understood. Here, we use imaging-based deep learning to identify intratumoral cDC1-CD8+ T cell clustering as a unique feature of protective anti-cancer immunity. These clusters form selectively in stromal tumor regions and constitute niches in which cDC1 activate TCF1+ stem-like CD8+ T cells. We identify a distinct population of immunostimulatory CCR7neg cDC1 that produce CXCL9 to promote cluster formation and cross-present tumor antigens within these niches, which is required for intratumoral CD8+ T cell differentiation and expansion and promotes cancer immune control. Similarly, in human cancers, CCR7neg cDC1 interact with CD8+ T cells in clusters and are associated with patient survival. Our findings reveal an intratumoral phase of the anti-cancer T cell response orchestrated by tumor-residing cDC1 that determines protective versus ineffective immunity and could be exploited for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippa Meiser
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz A Knolle
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine & Healthcare, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany; Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany; Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Hirschberger
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Gustavo P de Almeida
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Science, TUM, Freising, Germany; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Bayerl
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lacher
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Anna-Marie Pedde
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Flommersfeld
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Hönninger
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Leonhard Stark
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Stögbauer
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Anton
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Wirth
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Wohlleber
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany; Comparative Experimental Pathology, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Veit R Buchholz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Wollenberg
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina E Zielinski
- Department of Infection Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Rickmer Braren
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Rueckert
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine & Healthcare, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany; Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, UK; Chair for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Healthcare, School of Medicine and School of Computation, Information and Technology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Percy A Knolle
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany; Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Life Science, TUM, Freising, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Munich site, Munich, Germany
| | - Georgios Kaissis
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine & Healthcare, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany; Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany; Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jan P Böttcher
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Almeida GP, Lichtner P, Eckstein G, Brinkschmidt T, Chu CF, Sun S, Reinhard J, Mädler SC, Kloeppel M, Verbeek M, Zielinski CE. Human skin-resident host T cells can persist long term after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and maintain recirculation potential. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabe2634. [PMID: 35089814 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe2634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) have recently emerged as crucial cellular players for host defense in a wide variety of tissues and barrier sites. Insights into the maintenance and regulatory checkpoints of human TRM cells remain scarce, especially due to the difficulties associated with tracking T cells through time and space in humans. We therefore sought to identify and characterize skin-resident T cells in humans defined by their long-term in situ lodgment. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) preceded by myeloablative chemotherapy unmasked long-term sequestration of host T cell subsets in human skin despite complete donor T cell chimerism in the blood. Single-cell chimerism analysis paired with single-cell transcriptional profiling comprehensively characterized these bona fide long-term skin-resident T cells and revealed differential tissue maintenance for distinct T cell subsets, specific TRM cell markers such as galectin-3, but also tissue exit potential with retention of the transcriptomic TRM cell identity. Analysis of 26 allo-HSCT patients revealed profound interindividual variation in the tissue maintenance of host skin T cells. The long-term persistence of host skin T cells in a subset of these patients did not correlate with the development of chronic GvHD. Our data exemplify the power of exploiting a clinical situation as a proof of concept for the existence of bona fide human skin TRM cells and reveal long-term persistence of host T cells in a peripheral tissue but not in the circulation or bone marrow in a subset of allo-HSCT patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo P de Almeida
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research partner site, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gertrud Eckstein
- Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tonio Brinkschmidt
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Infection Immunology, Leibniz-Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany
| | - Chang-Feng Chu
- TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Infection Immunology, Leibniz-Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Shan Sun
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research partner site, Munich, Germany.,Department of Infection Immunology, Leibniz-Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Markus Kloeppel
- Klinikum rechts der Isar and Praxisklinik für Ästhetische Chirurgie und Medizin, Munich, Germany
| | - Mareike Verbeek
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina E Zielinski
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research partner site, Munich, Germany.,Department of Infection Immunology, Leibniz-Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Matthias J, Heink S, Picard F, Zeiträg J, Kolz A, Chao YY, Soll D, de Almeida GP, Glasmacher E, Jacobsen ID, Riedel T, Peters A, Floess S, Huehn J, Baumjohann D, Huber M, Korn T, Zielinski CE. Salt generates antiinflammatory Th17 cells but amplifies pathogenicity in proinflammatory cytokine microenvironments. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4587-4600. [PMID: 32484796 DOI: 10.1172/jci137786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Th cells integrate signals from their microenvironment to acquire distinct specialization programs for efficient clearance of diverse pathogens or for immunotolerance. Ionic signals have recently been demonstrated to affect T cell polarization and function. Sodium chloride (NaCl) was proposed to accumulate in peripheral tissues upon dietary intake and to promote autoimmunity via the Th17 cell axis. Here, we demonstrate that high-NaCl conditions induced a stable, pathogen-specific, antiinflammatory Th17 cell fate in human T cells in vitro. The p38/MAPK pathway, involving NFAT5 and SGK1, regulated FoxP3 and IL-17A expression in high-NaCl conditions. The NaCl-induced acquisition of an antiinflammatory Th17 cell fate was confirmed in vivo in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model, which demonstrated strongly reduced disease symptoms upon transfer of T cells polarized in high-NaCl conditions. However, NaCl was coopted to promote murine and human Th17 cell pathogenicity, if T cell stimulation occurred in a proinflammatory and TGF-β-low cytokine microenvironment. Taken together, our findings reveal a context-dependent, dichotomous role for NaCl in shaping Th17 cell pathogenicity. NaCl might therefore prove beneficial for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases in combination with cytokine-blocking drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Matthias
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Cellular Immunoregulation, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia Heink
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Picard
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julia Zeiträg
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anna Kolz
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Hospital and Biomedical Center of LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ying-Yin Chao
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Soll
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gustavo P de Almeida
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elke Glasmacher
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, pRED, Large Molecule Research, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Ilse D Jacobsen
- Research Group Microbial Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Riedel
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig and German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anneli Peters
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Hospital and Biomedical Center of LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefan Floess
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Baumjohann
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Magdalena Huber
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Christina E Zielinski
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Cellular Immunoregulation, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Palit S, Heuser C, de Almeida GP, Theis FJ, Zielinski CE. Meeting the Challenges of High-Dimensional Single-Cell Data Analysis in Immunology. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1515. [PMID: 31354705 PMCID: PMC6634245 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cytometry have radically altered the fate of single-cell proteomics by allowing a more accurate understanding of complex biological systems. Mass cytometry (CyTOF) provides simultaneous single-cell measurements that are crucial to understand cellular heterogeneity and identify novel cellular subsets. High-dimensional CyTOF data were traditionally analyzed by gating on bivariate dot plots, which are not only laborious given the quadratic increase of complexity with dimension but are also biased through manual gating. This review aims to discuss the impact of new analysis techniques for in-depths insights into the dynamics of immune regulation obtained from static snapshot data and to provide tools to immunologists to address the high dimensionality of their single-cell data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subarna Palit
- TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Partner Site Munich, German Center for Infection Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Heuser
- TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Partner Site Munich, German Center for Infection Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Gustavo P de Almeida
- TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Partner Site Munich, German Center for Infection Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina E Zielinski
- TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Partner Site Munich, German Center for Infection Research, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|