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Ramírez-Sotelo U, García-Carnero LC, Martínez-Álvarez JA, Gómez-Gaviria M, Mora-Montes HM. An ELISA-based method for Galleria mellonella apolipophorin-III quantification. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17117. [PMID: 38500532 PMCID: PMC10946395 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian models, such as murine, are used widely in pathophysiological studies because they have a high degree of similarity in body temperature, metabolism, and immune response with humans. However, non-vertebrate animal models have emerged as alternative models to study the host-pathogen interaction with minimal ethical concerns. Galleria mellonella is an alternative model that has proved useful in studying the interaction of the host with either bacteria or fungi, performing drug testing, and assessing the immunological response to different microorganisms. The G. mellonella immune response includes cellular and humoral components with structural and functional similarities to the immune effectors found in higher vertebrates, such as humans. An important humoral effector stimulated during infections is apolipophorin III (apoLp-III), an opsonin characterized by its lipid and carbohydrate-binding properties that participate in lipid transport, as well as immunomodulatory activity. Despite some parameters, such as the measurement of phenoloxidase activity, melanin production, hemocytes counting, and expression of antimicrobial peptides genes are already used to assess the G. mellonella immune response to pathogens with different virulence degrees, the apoLp-III quantification remains to be a parameter to assess the immune response in this invertebrate. Here, we propose an immunological tool based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that allows apoLp-III quantification in the hemolymph of larvae challenged with pathogenic agents. We tested the system with hemolymph coming from larvae infected with Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Sporothrix schenckii, Sporothrix globosa, and Sporothrix brasiliensis. The results revealed significantly higher concentrations of apoLp-III when each microbial species was inoculated, in comparison with untouched larvae, or inoculated with phosphate-buffered saline. We also demonstrated that the apoLp-III levels correlated with the strains' virulence, which was already reported. To our knowledge, this is one of the first attempts to quantify apoLp-III, using a quick and easy-to-use serological technique.
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Salinas-Marín R, Murakami Y, González-Domínguez CA, Cruz-Muñoz ME, Mora-Montes HM, Morava E, Kinoshita T, Monroy-Santoyo S, Martínez-Duncker I. Case report: Functional characterization of a de novo c.145G>A p.Val49Met pathogenic variant in a case of PIGA-CDG with megacolon. Front Genet 2022; 13:971473. [PMID: 36324500 PMCID: PMC9619068 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.971473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A subgroup of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) includes inherited GPI-anchor deficiencies (IGDs) that affect the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors, including the first reaction catalyzed by the X-linked PIGA. Here, we show the first PIGA-CDG case reported in Mexico in a male child with a moderate-to-severe phenotype characterized by neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms, including megacolon. Exome sequencing identified the hemizygous variant PIGA c.145G>A (p.Val49Met), confirmed by Sanger sequencing and characterized as de novo. The pathogenicity of this variant was characterized by flow cytometry and complementation assays in PIGA knockout (KO) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Salinas-Marín
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Yoshiko Murakami
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Carlos Alberto González-Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, México
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
| | | | - Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pecs Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- Frontiers in Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation Consortium, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), and the Rare Disorders Clinical Research Network (RDCRN), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Taroh Kinoshita
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Susana Monroy-Santoyo
- Centro de Investigación Traslacional, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, México
- *Correspondence: Iván Martínez-Duncker, ; Susana Monroy-Santoyo,
| | - Iván Martínez-Duncker
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, México
- Frontiers in Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation Consortium, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), and the Rare Disorders Clinical Research Network (RDCRN), Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Iván Martínez-Duncker, ; Susana Monroy-Santoyo,
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Abstract
Moonlighting proteins represent an intriguing area of cell biology, due to their ability to perform two or more unrelated functions in one or many cellular compartments. These proteins have been described in all kingdoms of life and are usually constitutively expressed and conserved proteins with housekeeping functions. Although widely studied in pathogenic bacteria, the information about these proteins in pathogenic fungi is scarce, but there are some reports of their functions in the etiological agents of the main human mycoses, such as Candida spp., Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Histoplasma capsulatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Sporothrix schenckii. In these fungi, most of the described moonlighting proteins are metabolic enzymes, such as enolase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; chaperones, transcription factors, and redox response proteins, such as peroxiredoxin and catalase, which moonlight at the cell surface and perform virulence-related processes, contributing to immune evasion, adhesions, invasion, and dissemination to host cells and tissues. All moonlighting proteins and their functions described in this review highlight the limited information about this biological aspect in pathogenic fungi, representing this a relevant opportunity area that will contribute to expanding our current knowledge of these organisms' pathogenesis.
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Duarte-Velázquez I, de la Mora J, Ramírez-Prado JH, Aguillón-Bárcenas A, Tornero-Gutiérrez F, Cordero-Loreto E, Anaya-Velázquez F, Páramo-Pérez I, Rangel-Serrano Á, Muñoz-Carranza SR, Romero-González OE, Cardoso-Reyes LR, Rodríguez-Ojeda RA, Mora-Montes HM, Vargas-Maya NI, Padilla-Vaca F, Franco B. Escherichia coli transcription factors of unknown function: sequence features and possible evolutionary relationships. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13772. [PMID: 35880217 PMCID: PMC9308461 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms need mechanisms to perceive the environment and respond accordingly to environmental changes or the presence of hazards. Transcription factors (TFs) are required for cells to respond to the environment by controlling the expression of genes needed. Escherichia coli has been the model bacterium for many decades, and still, there are features embedded in its genome that remain unstudied. To date, 58 TFs remain poorly characterized, although their binding sites have been experimentally determined. This study showed that these TFs have sequence variation at the third codon position G+C content but maintain the same Codon Adaptation Index (CAI) trend as annotated functional transcription factors. Most of these transcription factors are in areas of the genome where abundant repetitive and mobile elements are present. Sequence divergence points to groups with distinctive sequence signatures but maintaining the same type of DNA binding domain. Finally, the analysis of the promoter sequences of the 58 TFs showed A+T rich regions that agree with the features of horizontally transferred genes. The findings reported here pave the way for future research of these TFs that may uncover their role as spare factors in case of lose-of-function mutations in core TFs and trace back their evolutionary history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Duarte-Velázquez
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Javier de la Mora
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, México
| | | | - Alondra Aguillón-Bárcenas
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Fátima Tornero-Gutiérrez
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Eugenia Cordero-Loreto
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Fernando Anaya-Velázquez
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Itzel Páramo-Pérez
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Ángeles Rangel-Serrano
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | | | | | - Luis Rafael Cardoso-Reyes
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | | | - Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Naurú Idalia Vargas-Maya
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Felipe Padilla-Vaca
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Bernardo Franco
- Biology, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
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Vaca-González A, Flores-Valdez MA, Aceves-Sánchez MDJ, Camacho-Villegas TA, Pérez-Padilla NA, Burciaga-Flores M, De la Cruz MÁ, Ares MA, Mora-Montes HM, Bravo-Madrigal J, Gaona-Bernal J, Tamez-Castrellón AK. Overexpression of the celA1 gene in BCG modifies surface pellicle, glucosamine content in biofilms, and affects in vivo replication. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2020; 125:102005. [PMID: 33032092 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2020.102005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm formed in vitro by mycobacteria has been associated with increased antibiotic tolerance as compared with planktonic cells. Cellulose has been identified as a component of DTT-exposed biofilms formed by M. tuberculosis. The celA1 gene of M. tuberculosis encodes a cellulase, which could affect the formation of biofilm by slow-growing mycobacteria. In this work, the celA1 gene of M. tuberculosis was cloned into the integrative pMV361 plasmid and then transformed into M. bovis BCG Pasteur to produce BCG:celA1, to have celA1 expressed from the strong promoter hsp60. We compared planktonic and biofilm growth, possible presence of CelA1 in whole protein extracts, quantitated biofilm, presence of monosaccharides, and bacillary burden in lungs after aerosol infection in BALB/c mice. Differences in the appearance of the surface pellicle and of the biofilm attached to the substrate were observed. In biofilms, we observed a significant decrease of glucosamine in BCG:celA1 compared with BCG:pMV361. Finally, BCG:celA1 had lower viable bacteria than the BCG:pMV361 strain after 24 h and 3 weeks post-infection, but no difference was found at 9 weeks post-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso Vaca-González
- Maestría en Microbiología Médica, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A. C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara, 44270, Mexico
| | - Mario Alberto Flores-Valdez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A. C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara, 44270, Mexico.
| | - Michel de Jesús Aceves-Sánchez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A. C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara, 44270, Mexico
| | - Tanya Amanda Camacho-Villegas
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A. C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara, 44270, Mexico
| | - Nayeli Areli Pérez-Padilla
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A. C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara, 44270, Mexico
| | - Mirna Burciaga-Flores
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A. C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara, 44270, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel De la Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Ares
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Jorge Bravo-Madrigal
- Maestría en Microbiología Médica, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jorge Gaona-Bernal
- Maestría en Microbiología Médica, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Alma Karina Tamez-Castrellón
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Macêdo-Sales PA, Souza LOP, Della-Terra PP, Lozoya-Pérez NE, Machado RLD, Rocha EMDSD, Lopes-Bezerra LM, Guimarães AJ, Rodrigues AM, Mora-Montes HM, Santos ALSD, Baptista ARDS. Coinfection of domestic felines by distinct Sporothrix brasiliensis in the Brazilian sporotrichosis hyperendemic area. Fungal Genet Biol 2020; 140:103397. [PMID: 32325170 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2020.103397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microbial interactions may impact patient's diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Sporotrichosis is a hyperendemic neglected zoonosis in Brazil, caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis. Four pairs of clinical isolates of Sporothrix were recovered from four diseased cats (CIM01-CIM04, two isolates per animal) raising the possibility of coinfection in a sporotrichosis hyperendemic area, Brazil. Each isolate of the pair had distinct pigmentation in mycological culture, and was designated as "Light" or "Dark", for low and high pigmentation, respectively. Dark isolates reacted strongly with monoclonal antibodies to melanin (p ≤ 0.05) by both ELISA and FACS quantitation, and displayed a ring pattern with some regions exhibiting higher punctuated labeling at cell wall by immunofluorescence. In turn, Light isolates reacted less intensely, with few and discrete punctuated labeling at the cell wall. PCR identified all isolates as S. brasiliensis, MAT1-2 idiomorph. Sequencing of β-tubulin and calmodulin genes followed by phylogenetic analysis placed all eight isolates within the same cluster as others from the Brazilian hyperendemic area. The ability of these strains to stimulate cytokine production by human PBMCs (Peripheral blood mononuclear cells) was also analyzed. CIM01 and CIM03 Light and Dark isolates showed similar cytokine profiles to the control strain, while CIM02 and CIM04 behaved differently (p < 0.001), suggesting that differences in the surface of the isolates can influence host-fungus interaction. MICs for amphotericin B, terbinafine, caspofungin, micafungin, itraconazole, fluconazole, and voriconazole were obtained (CLSI M38-A2/M27-A3). Pairwise comparisons showed distinct MICs between Sporothrix Light and Dark isolates, higher than at least two-fold dilutions, to at least one of the antifungals tested. Isolates from the same pair displayed discrepancies in relation to fungistatic or fungicidal drug activity, notably after itraconazole exposure. Since S. brasiliensis Light and Dark isolates show disparate phenotypic parameters it is quite possible that coinfection represents a common occurrence in the hyperendemic area, with potential clinical implications on feline sporotrichosis dynamics. Alternatively, future studies will address if this specie may have, as reported for other fungi, broad phenotypic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucieri Olegario Pereira Souza
- Laboratory of Advanced Studies of Emerging and Resistant Microorganisms, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paula Portella Della-Terra
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nancy Edith Lozoya-Pérez
- Department of Biology, Division of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidad de Guanajuato, Gto, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Allan Jefferson Guimarães
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Biomedical Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anderson Messias Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes
- Department of Biology, Division of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidad de Guanajuato, Gto, Mexico
| | - André Luis Souza Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Advanced Studies of Emerging and Resistant Microorganisms, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P. 36050 Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
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Mora-Montes HM. A Perspective on the Role of Proteins and Peptides in the Virulence and Pathogenesis. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:960-961. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203720999190722164728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes
- Departamento de Biologia, Division de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Gto, Mexico
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9
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Mora-Montes HM. A perspective on the role of proteins and peptides in the virulence and pathogenesis. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190723164710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
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Hernández-Chávez MJ, Franco B, Clavijo-Giraldo DM, Hernández NV, Estrada-Mata E, Mora-Montes HM. Role of protein phosphomannosylation in the Candida tropicalis-macrophage interaction. FEMS Yeast Res 2019; 18:4989128. [PMID: 29718196 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida tropicalis is an opportunistic fungal pathogen responsible for mucosal and systemic infections. The cell wall is the initial contact point between a fungal cell and the host immune system, and mannoproteins are important components that play key roles when interacting with host cells. In Candida albicans, mannans are modified by mannosyl-phosphate moieties, named phosphomannans, which can work as molecular scaffolds to synthesize β1,2-mannooligosaccharides, and MNN4 is a positive regulator of the phosphomannosylation pathway. Here, we showed that C. tropicalis also displays phosphomannans on the cell surface, but the amount of this cell wall component varies depending on the fungal strain. We also identified a functional ortholog of CaMNN4 in C. tropicalis. Disruption of this gene caused depletion of phosphomannan content. The C. tropicalis mnn4Δ did not show defects in the ability to stimulate cytokine production by human mononuclear cells but displayed virulence attenuation in an insect model of candidiasis. When the mnn4Δ-macrophage interaction was analyzed, results showed that presence of cell wall phosphomannan was critical for C. tropicalis phagocytosis. Finally, our results strongly suggest a differential role for phosphomannans during phagocytosis of C. albicans and C. tropicalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco J Hernández-Chávez
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., México
| | - Bernardo Franco
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., México
| | - Diana M Clavijo-Giraldo
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., México
| | - Nahúm V Hernández
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., México
| | - Eine Estrada-Mata
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., México
| | - Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., México
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Mora-Montes HM, López-Romero E, Zinker S, Ponce-Noyola P, Flores-Carreón A. Conversion of α1,2-mannosidase E-I from Candida albicans to α1,2-mannosidase E-II by limited proteolysis. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2007; 93:61-9. [PMID: 17588125 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-007-9179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Accepted: 05/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated the presence in Candida albicans ATCC 26555 of two soluble alpha1,2-mannosidases: E-I and E-II. In contrast, in the C. albicans CAI-4 mutant only E-I was detected and it could be processed by a membrane-bound proteolytic activity from the ATCC 26555 strain, generating an active 43 kDa polypeptide. Here, alpha1,2-mannosidase E-I from strain ATCC 26555 was purified by conventional methods of protein isolation and affinity chromatography in Concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B. Analytical electrophoresis of the purified enzyme revealed two polypeptides of 52 and 23 kDa, the former being responsible for enzyme activity as revealed by zymogram analysis. Time course proteolysis with an aspartyl protease from Aspergillus saitoi, converted alpha1,2-mannosidase E-I into an active polypeptide of 43 kDa which trimmed Man(9)GlcNAc(2), generating Man(8)GlcNAc(2) isomer B and mannose. Trimming was inhibited preferentially by 1-deoxymannojirimycin. Both, the molecular mass and the enzyme properties of the proteolytic product were identical to those described for alpha1,2-mannosidase E-II therefore supporting the notion that E-I is the precursor of E-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes
- Instituto de Investigación en Biología Experimental, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, Apartado postal 187, Guanajuato, Gto, CP 36000, Mexico
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