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Schulze BC, Charan SM, Kenseth CM, Kong W, Bates KH, Williams W, Metcalf AR, Jonsson HH, Woods R, Sorooshian A, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH. Characterization of Aerosol Hygroscopicity Over the Northeast Pacific Ocean: Impacts on Prediction of CCN and Stratocumulus Cloud Droplet Number Concentrations. Earth Space Sci 2020; 7:e2020EA001098. [PMID: 33225018 PMCID: PMC7676499 DOI: 10.1029/2020ea001098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During the Marine Aerosol Cloud and Wildfire Study (MACAWS) in June and July of 2018, aerosol composition and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) properties were measured over the N.E. Pacific to characterize the influence of aerosol hygroscopicity on predictions of ambient CCN and stratocumulus cloud droplet number concentrations (CDNC). Three vertical regions were characterized, corresponding to the marine boundary layer (MBL), an above-cloud organic aerosol layer (AC-OAL), and the free troposphere (FT) above the AC-OAL. The aerosol hygroscopicity parameter (κ) was calculated from CCN measurements (κ CCN) and bulk aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements (κ AMS). Within the MBL, measured hygroscopicities varied between values typical of both continental environments (~0.2) and remote marine locations (~0.7). For most flights, CCN closure was achieved within 20% in the MBL. For five of the seven flights, assuming a constant aerosol size distribution produced similar or better CCN closure than assuming a constant "marine" hygroscopicity (κ = 0.72). An aerosol-cloud parcel model was used to characterize the sensitivity of predicted stratocumulus CDNC to aerosol hygroscopicity, size distribution properties, and updraft velocity. Average CDNC sensitivity to accumulation mode aerosol hygroscopicity is 39% as large as the sensitivity to the geometric median diameter in this environment. Simulations suggest CDNC sensitivity to hygroscopicity is largest in marine stratocumulus with low updraft velocities (<0.2 m s-1), where accumulation mode particles are most relevant to CDNC, and in marine stratocumulus or cumulus with large updraft velocities (>0.6 m s-1), where hygroscopic properties of the Aitken mode dominate hygroscopicity sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. C. Schulze
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - S. M. Charan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - C. M. Kenseth
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - W. Kong
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - K. H. Bates
- Center for the Environment, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - W. Williams
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC, USA
| | - A. R. Metcalf
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC, USA
| | | | - R. Woods
- Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - A. Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - R. C. Flagan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - J. H. Seinfeld
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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Metcalf AR, Craven JS, Ensberg JJ, Brioude J, Angevine W, Sorooshian A, Duong HT, Jonsson HH, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH. Black carbon aerosol over the Los Angeles Basin during CalNex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd017255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Strawa AW, Elleman R, Hallar AG, Covert D, Ricci K, Provencal R, Owano TW, Jonsson HH, Schmid B, Luu AP, Bokarius K, Andrews E. Comparison of in situ aerosol extinction and scattering coefficient measurements made during the Aerosol Intensive Operating Period. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rissman TA, VanReken TM, Wang J, Gasparini R, Collins DR, Jonsson HH, Brechtel FJ, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH. Characterization of ambient aerosol from measurements of cloud condensation nuclei during the 2003 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Aerosol Intensive Observational Period at the Southern Great Plains site in Oklahoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Conant WC, VanReken TM, Rissman TA, Varutbangkul V, Jonsson HH, Nenes A, Jimenez JL, Delia AE, Bahreini R, Roberts GC, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH. Aerosol-cloud drop concentration closure in warm cumulus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. C. Conant
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - T. M. VanReken
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - T. A. Rissman
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - V. Varutbangkul
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - H. H. Jonsson
- Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies; Naval Postgraduate School; Monterey California USA
| | - A. Nenes
- Schools of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - J. L. Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. E. Delia
- Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Bahreini
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - G. C. Roberts
- Center for Atmospheric Sciences, Scripps Institution of Oceanography; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla California USA
| | - R. C. Flagan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - J. H. Seinfeld
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
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Wang J, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH, Jonsson HH, Collins DR, Russell PB, Schmid B, Redemann J, Livingston JM, Gao S, Hegg DA, Welton EJ, Bates D. Clear-column radiative closure during ACE-Asia: Comparison of multiwavelength extinction derived from particle size and composition with results from Sun photometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - R. C. Flagan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - J. H. Seinfeld
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - H. H. Jonsson
- Department of Meteorology; Naval Postgraduate School; Monterey California USA
| | - D. R. Collins
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas USA
| | - P. B. Russell
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - B. Schmid
- Bay Area Environmental Research Institute; Sonoma California USA
| | - J. Redemann
- Bay Area Environmental Research Institute; Sonoma California USA
| | | | - S. Gao
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - D. A. Hegg
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - E. J. Welton
- NASA Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology Center and University of Maryland Baltimore County; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - D. Bates
- Physics Department; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida USA
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Del Negro LA, Fahey DW, Donnelly SG, Gao RS, Keim ER, Wamsley RC, Woodbridge EL, Dye JE, Baumgardner D, Gandrud BW, Wilson JC, Jonsson HH, Loewenstein M, Podolske JR, Webster CR, May RD, Worsnop DR, Tabazadeh A, Tolbert MA, Kelly KK, Chan KR. Evaluating the role of NAT, NAD, and liquid H2SO4/H2O/HNO3solutions in Antarctic polar stratospheric cloud aerosol: Observations and implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Brock CA, Hamill P, Wilson JC, Jonsson HH, Chan KR. Particle Formation in the Upper Tropical Troposphere: A Source of Nuclei for the Stratospheric Aerosol. Science 1995. [DOI: 10.1126/science.270.5242.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Fahey DW, Keim ER, Boering KA, Brock CA, Wilson JC, Jonsson HH, Anthony S, Hanisco TF, Wennberg PO, Miake-Lye RC, Salawitch RJ, Louisnard N, Woodbridge EL, Gao RS, Donnelly SG, Wamsley RC, Negro LAD, Solomon S, Daube BC, Wofsy SC, Webster CR, May RD, Kelly KK, Loewenstein M, Podolske JR. Emission Measurements of the Concorde Supersonic Aircraft in the Lower Stratosphere. Science 1995. [DOI: 10.1126/science.270.5233.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Wilson JC, Jonsson HH, Brock CA, Toohey DW, Avallone LM, Baumgardner D, Dye JE, Poole LR, Woods DC, Decoursey RJ, Osborn M, Pitts MC, Kelly KK, Chan KR, Ferry GV, Loewenstein M, Podolske JR, Weaver A. In Situ Observations of Aerosol and Chlorine Monoxide After the 1991 Eruption of Mount Pinatubo: Effect of Reactions on Sulfate Aerosol. Science 1993; 261:1140-3. [PMID: 17790347 DOI: 10.1126/science.261.5125.1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Highly resolved aerosol size distributions measured from high-altitude aircraft can be used to describe the effect of the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo on the stratospheric aerosol. In some air masses, aerosol mass mixing ratios increased by factors exceeding 100 and aerosol surface area concentrations increased by factors of 30 or more. Increases in aerosol surface area concentration were accompanied by increases in chlorine monoxide at mid-latitudes when confounding factors were controlled. This observation supports the assertion that reactions occurring on the aerosol can increase the fraction of stratospheric chlorine that occurs in ozone-destroying forms.
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Fahey DW, Kawa SR, Woodbridge EL, Tin P, Wilson JC, Jonsson HH, Dye JE, Baumgardner D, Borrmann S, Toohey DW, Avallone LM, Proffitt MH, Margitan J, Loewenstein M, Podolske JR, Salawitch RJ, Wofsy SC, Ko MKW, Anderson DE, Schoeber MR, Chan KR. In situ measurements constraining the role of sulphate aerosols in mid-latitude ozone depletion. Nature 1993. [DOI: 10.1038/363509a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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