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Mohsenin H, Wagner HJ, Rosenblatt M, Kemmer S, Drepper F, Huesgen P, Timmer J, Weber W. Design of a Biohybrid Materials Circuit with Binary Decoder Functionality. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2308092. [PMID: 38118057 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology applies concepts from electrical engineering and information processing to endow cells with computational functionality. Transferring the underlying molecular components into materials and wiring them according to topologies inspired by electronic circuit boards has yielded materials systems that perform selected computational operations. However, the limited functionality of available building blocks is restricting the implementation of advanced information-processing circuits into materials. Here, a set of protease-based biohybrid modules the bioactivity of which can either be induced or inhibited is engineered. Guided by a quantitative mathematical model and following a design-build-test-learn (DBTL) cycle, the modules are wired according to circuit topologies inspired by electronic signal decoders, a fundamental motif in information processing. A 2-input/4-output binary decoder for the detection of two small molecules in a material framework that can perform regulated outputs in form of distinct protease activities is designed. The here demonstrated smart material system is strongly modular and can be used for biomolecular information processing for example in advanced biosensing or drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasti Mohsenin
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hanna J Wagner
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 19a, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Rosenblatt
- Institute of Physics and Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling (FDM), University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Svenja Kemmer
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Physics and Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling (FDM), University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Friedel Drepper
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pitter Huesgen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Timmer
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Physics and Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling (FDM), University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Weber
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 19a, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Saarland University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Johnston M, Ceren Ates H, Glatz RT, Mohsenin H, Schmachtenberg R, Göppert N, Huzly D, Urban GA, Weber W, Dincer C. Multiplexed biosensor for point-of-care COVID-19 monitoring: CRISPR-powered unamplified RNA diagnostics and protein-based therapeutic drug management. Mater Today (Kidlington) 2022; 61:129-138. [PMID: 36405570 PMCID: PMC9643339 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In late 2019 SARS-CoV-2 rapidly spread to become a global pandemic, therefore, measures to attenuate chains of infection, such as high-throughput screenings and isolation of carriers were taken. Prerequisite for a reasonable and democratic implementation of such measures, however, is the availability of sufficient testing opportunities (beyond reverse transcription PCR, the current gold standard). We, therefore, propose an electrochemical, microfluidic multiplexed polymer-based biosensor in combination with CRISPR/Cas-powered assays for low-cost and accessible point-of-care nucleic acid testing. In this study, we simultaneously screen for and identify SARS-CoV-2 infections (Omicron-variant) in clinical specimens (Sample-to-result time: ∼30 min), employing LbuCas13a, whilst bypassing reverse transcription as well as target amplification of the viral RNA (LODs of 2,000 and 7,520 copies/µl for the E and RdRP genes, respectively, and 50 copies/ml for combined targets), both of which are necessary for detection via PCR and other isothermal methods. In addition, we demonstrate the feasibility of combining synthetic biology-driven assays based on different classes of biomolecules, in this case protein-based ß-lactam antibiotic detection, on the same device. The programmability of the effector and multiplexing capacity (up to six analytes) of our platform, in combination with a miniaturized measurement setup, including a credit card sized near field communication (NFC) potentiostat and a microperistaltic pump, provide a promising on-site tool for identifying individuals infected with variants of concern and monitoring their disease progression alongside other potential biomarkers or medication clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Johnston
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Ceren Ates
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Regina T Glatz
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hasti Mohsenin
- Faculty of Biology and Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rosanne Schmachtenberg
- Faculty of Biology and Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Göppert
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Huzly
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerald A Urban
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Weber
- Faculty of Biology and Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Can Dincer
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Ates HC, Mohsenin H, Wenzel C, Glatz RT, Wagner HJ, Bruch R, Hoefflin N, Spassov S, Streicher L, Lozano-Zahonero S, Flamm B, Trittler R, Hug MJ, Köhn M, Schmidt J, Schumann S, Urban GA, Weber W, Dincer C. Biosensor-Enabled Multiplexed On-Site Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antibiotics. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2104555. [PMID: 34545651 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Personalized antibiotherapy ensures that the antibiotic concentration remains in the optimal therapeutic window to maximize efficacy, minimize side effects, and avoid the emergence of drug resistance due to insufficient dosing. However, such individualized schemes need frequent sampling to tailor the blood antibiotic concentrations. To optimally integrate therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) into the clinical workflow, antibiotic levels can either be measured in blood using point-of-care testing (POCT), or can rely on noninvasive sampling. Here, a versatile biosensor with an antibody-free assay for on-site TDM is presented. The platform is evaluated with an animal study, where antibiotic concentrations are quantified in different matrices including whole blood, plasma, urine, saliva, and exhaled breath condensate (EBC). The clearance and the temporal evaluation of antibiotic levels in EBC and plasma are demonstrated. Influence of matrix effects on measured drug concentrations is determined by comparing the plasma levels with those in noninvasive samples. The system's potential for blood-based POCT is further illustrated by tracking ß-lactam concentrations in untreated blood samples. Finally, multiplexing capabilities are explored successfully for multianalyte/sample analysis. By enabling a rapid, low-cost, sample-independent, and multiplexed on-site TDM, this system can shift the paradigm of "one-size-fits-all" strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ceren Ates
- FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hasti Mohsenin
- Faculty of Biology and Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christin Wenzel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Regina T Glatz
- FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hanna J Wagner
- Faculty of Biology and Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, 4058, Switzerland
| | - Richard Bruch
- FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nico Hoefflin
- Faculty of Biology and Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sashko Spassov
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lea Streicher
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sara Lozano-Zahonero
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Flamm
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Trittler
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin J Hug
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maja Köhn
- Faculty of Biology and Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Schmidt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Schumann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerald A Urban
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Weber
- Faculty of Biology and Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Can Dincer
- FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
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Wagner HJ, Mohsenin H, Weber W. Synthetic Biology-Empowered Hydrogels for Medical Diagnostics. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol 2021; 178:197-226. [PMID: 33582837 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology is strongly inspired by concepts of engineering science and aims at the design and generation of artificial biological systems in different fields of research such as diagnostics, analytics, biomedicine, or chemistry. To this aim, synthetic biology uses an engineering approach relying on a toolbox of molecular sensors and switches that endows cellular hosts with non-natural computing functions and circuits. Importantly, this concept is not only limited to cellular approaches. Synthetic biological building blocks have also conferred sensing and switching capability to otherwise inactive materials. This principle has attracted high interest for the development of biohybrid materials capable of sensing and responding to specific molecular stimuli, such as disease biomarkers, antibiotics, or heavy metals. Moreover, the interconnection of individual sense-and-respond materials to complex materials systems has enabled the processing of, for example, multiple inputs or the amplification of signals using feedback topologies. Such systems holding high potential for applications in the analytical and diagnostic sectors will be described in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna J Wagner
- Faculty of Biology, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hasti Mohsenin
- Faculty of Biology, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Wilfried Weber
- Faculty of Biology, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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Burgos-Morales O, Gueye M, Lacombe L, Nowak C, Schmachtenberg R, Hörner M, Jerez-Longres C, Mohsenin H, Wagner H, Weber W. Synthetic biology as driver for the biologization of materials sciences. Mater Today Bio 2021; 11:100115. [PMID: 34195591 PMCID: PMC8237365 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Materials in nature have fascinating properties that serve as a continuous source of inspiration for materials scientists. Accordingly, bio-mimetic and bio-inspired approaches have yielded remarkable structural and functional materials for a plethora of applications. Despite these advances, many properties of natural materials remain challenging or yet impossible to incorporate into synthetic materials. Natural materials are produced by living cells, which sense and process environmental cues and conditions by means of signaling and genetic programs, thereby controlling the biosynthesis, remodeling, functionalization, or degradation of the natural material. In this context, synthetic biology offers unique opportunities in materials sciences by providing direct access to the rational engineering of how a cell senses and processes environmental information and translates them into the properties and functions of materials. Here, we identify and review two main directions by which synthetic biology can be harnessed to provide new impulses for the biologization of the materials sciences: first, the engineering of cells to produce precursors for the subsequent synthesis of materials. This includes materials that are otherwise produced from petrochemical resources, but also materials where the bio-produced substances contribute unique properties and functions not existing in traditional materials. Second, engineered living materials that are formed or assembled by cells or in which cells contribute specific functions while remaining an integral part of the living composite material. We finally provide a perspective of future scientific directions of this promising area of research and discuss science policy that would be required to support research and development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Burgos-Morales
- École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg - ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67412, France
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - M. Gueye
- École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg - ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67412, France
| | - L. Lacombe
- École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg - ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67412, France
| | - C. Nowak
- École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg - ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67412, France
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - R. Schmachtenberg
- École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg - ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67412, France
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - M. Hörner
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - C. Jerez-Longres
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine - SGBM, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - H. Mohsenin
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - H.J. Wagner
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering - D-BSSE, ETH Zurich, Basel, 4058, Switzerland
| | - W. Weber
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine - SGBM, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
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Naficy K, Nategh R, Ahangary S, Mohsenin H. Artificial challenge studies in rubella. Utilization of RA 27-3 rubella vaccines, rubella naturally acquired seropositives, and rubella susceptible children. Am J Dis Child 1970; 120:520-3. [PMID: 5481902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Mohsenin H, Ebrahimi MA. Human fascioliasis in Iran, report of a case with Fasciola hepatica in biliary ducts. Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales 1969; 62:871-4. [PMID: 5409132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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