1
|
Sasaki M, Yamamoto K, Ueda T, Irokawa H, Takeda K, Sekine R, Itoh F, Tanaka Y, Kuge S, Shibata N. One-carbon metabolizing enzyme ALDH1L1 influences mitochondrial metabolism through 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide accumulation and serine depletion, contributing to tumor suppression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13486. [PMID: 37596270 PMCID: PMC10439146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells generally require large amounts of nucleotides, and thus activate de novo purine synthesis (dnPS). In the dnPS reactions, 10-formyltetrahydorofolate (10-fTHF) supplied by one-carbon metabolism is utilized as a formyl group donor. We focused on aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L1 (ALDH1L1), which metabolizes 10-fTHF to tetrahydrofolate and whose expression is often attenuated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We generated ALDH1L1-expressing HuH-7 cells to perform metabolome analysis and found that intracellular levels of serine were reduced and glycine was increased. In addition, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (ZMP), a dnPS intermediate, accumulated due to the consumption of 10-fTHF by ALDH1L1, which inhibited ZMP formylation. Importantly, ALDH1L1-expressing cells showed reduced ZMP sensitivity and higher mitochondrial activity. The suppression of mitochondrial serine catabolism by ALDH1L1 expression was speculated to be closely related to this phenotype. Gene set enrichment analysis utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas data revealed that genes related to oxidative phosphorylation were enriched in HCC patients with high ALDH1L1 expression. Moreover, drug sensitivity data analysis demonstrated that HCC cell lines with low expression of ALDH1L1 were sensitive to ZMP and cordycepin, a structural analog of ZMP and AMP. Our study revealed that ZMP and AMP analogs might be effective in the pharmacotherapy of HCC patients with low expression of ALDH1L1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Sasaki
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Yamamoto
- Biomedical Research Support Center, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hayato Irokawa
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Kouki Takeda
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Ryoya Sekine
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Fumie Itoh
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tanaka
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Shusuke Kuge
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shibata
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sekine R, Tsuno S, Irokawa H, Sumitomo K, Han T, Sato Y, Nishizawa S, Takeda K, Kuge S. Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein-RNA interaction by guanosine oligomeric RNA. J Biochem 2023; 173:447-457. [PMID: 36748338 PMCID: PMC11033527 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvad008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of the β-coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid (N) protein with genomic RNA is initiated by specific RNA regions and subsequently induces the formation of a continuous polymer with characteristic structural units for viral formation. We hypothesized that oligomeric RNAs, whose sequences are absent in the 29.9-kb genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2, might affect RNA-N protein interactions. We identified two such hexameric RNAs, In-1 (CCGGCG) and G6 (GGGGGG), and investigated their effects on the small filamentous/droplet-like structures (< a few μm) of N protein-genomic RNA formed by liquid-liquid phase separation. The small N protein structures were sequence-specifically enhanced by In-1, whereas G6 caused them to coalesce into large droplets. Moreover, we found that a guanosine 12-mer (G12, GGGGGGGGGGGG) expelled preexisting genomic RNA from the small N protein structures. The presence of G12 with the genomic RNA suppressed the formation of the small N protein structures, and alternatively apparently altered phase separation to induce the formation of large droplets with unclear phase boundaries. We showed that the N-terminal RNA-binding domain is required for the stability of the small N protein structures. Our results suggest that G12 may be a strong inhibitor of the RNA-N protein interaction.
Collapse
Key Words
- N protein
- RNA Interactions < Protein
- RNA < Viruses
- SARS-CoV-2
- liquid–liquid phase separationAbbreviation: COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease-2019; CTD, C-terminal domain; DIC, differential interference contrast; EMSA, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, IDR, intrinsically disordered region; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; HEPES, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid, LLPS, liquid–liquid phase separation; NTD, N-terminal domain; N, nucleocapsid; PEG, polyethylene glycol; PNA, peptide nucleic acid; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; vRNP, viral ribonucleoprotein
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoya Sekine
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsuhima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Satsuki Tsuno
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsuhima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Hayato Irokawa
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsuhima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sumitomo
- Division of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1, Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 983-8536, Japan
| | - Tianxue Han
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Azaaoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Azaaoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Seiichi Nishizawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Azaaoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kouki Takeda
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsuhima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Shusuke Kuge
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsuhima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Irokawa H, Numasaki S, Kato S, Iwai K, Inose-Maruyama A, Ohdate T, Hwang GW, Toyama T, Watanabe T, Kuge S. Comprehensive analyses of the cysteine thiol oxidation of PKM2 reveal the effects of multiple oxidation on cellular oxidative stress response. Biochem J 2021; 478:1453-1470. [PMID: 33749780 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Redox regulation of proteins via cysteine residue oxidation is involved in the control of various cellular signal pathways. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, is critical for the metabolic shift from glycolysis to the pentose phosphate pathway under oxidative stress in cancer cell growth. The PKM2 tetramer is required for optimal pyruvate kinase (PK) activity, whereas the inhibition of inter-subunit interaction of PKM2 induced by Cys358 oxidation has reduced PK activity. In the present study, we identified three oxidation-sensitive cysteine residues (Cys358, Cys423 and Cys424) responsible for four oxidation forms via the thiol oxidant diamide and/or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Possibly due to obstruction of the dimer-dimer interface, H2O2-induced sulfenylation (-SOH) and diamide-induced modification at Cys424 inhibited tetramer formation and PK activity. Cys423 is responsible for intermolecular disulfide bonds with heterologous proteins via diamide. Additionally, intramolecular polysulphide linkage (-Sn-, n ≧ 3) between Cys358 and an unidentified PKM2 Cys could be induced by diamide. We observed that cells expressing the oxidation-resistant PKM2 (PKM2C358,424A) produced more intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exhibited greater sensitivity to ROS-generating reagents and ROS-inducible anti-cancer drugs compared with cells expressing wild-type PKM2. These results highlight the possibility that PKM2 inhibition via Cys358 and Cys424 oxidation contributes to eliminating excess ROS and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Irokawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Numasaki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shin Kato
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kenta Iwai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Inose-Maruyama
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takumi Ohdate
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Gi-Wook Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyama
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Watanabe
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shusuke Kuge
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Takahashi S, Sato N, Kikuchi J, Kakinuma H, Okawa J, Masuyama Y, Iwasa S, Irokawa H, Hwang GW, Naganuma A, Kohara M, Kuge S. Immature Core protein of hepatitis C virus induces an unfolded protein response through inhibition of ERAD-L in a yeast model system. Genes Cells 2017; 22:160-173. [PMID: 28097745 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The structural protein Core of hepatitis C virus (HCV), a cytosolic protein, induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) in hepatocytes, and is responsible for the pathogenesis of persistent HCV infection. Using yeast as a model system, we evaluated mechanisms underlying Core-induced interference of ER homeostasis and UPR, and found that UPR is induced by the immature Core (aa 1-191, Core191) but not by the mature Core (aa 1-177, Core177). Interestingly, Core191 inhibits both ERAD-L, a degradation system responsible for misfolded/unfolded proteins in the ER lumen, and ERAD-M, a degradation system responsible for proteins carrying a misfolded/unfolded region in the ER membrane. In contrast, Core177 inhibits ERAD-M but not ERAD-L. In addition, requirement of an unfolded protein sensor in the ER lumen suggested that inhibition of ERAD-L is probably responsible for Core191-dependent UPR activation. These results implicate inadequate maturation of Core as a trigger for induction of ER stress and UPR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Takahashi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Naoko Sato
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Junichi Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kakinuma
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Jun Okawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yukiko Masuyama
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Singo Iwasa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Hayato Irokawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Gi-Wook Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Akira Naganuma
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Michinori Kohara
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Shusuke Kuge
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Irokawa H, Tachibana T, Watanabe T, Matsuyama Y, Motohashi H, Ogasawara A, Iwai K, Naganuma A, Kuge S. Redox-dependent Regulation of Gluconeogenesis by a Novel Mechanism Mediated by a Peroxidatic Cysteine of Peroxiredoxin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33536. [PMID: 27634403 PMCID: PMC5025857 DOI: 10.1038/srep33536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin is an abundant peroxidase, but its non-peroxidase function is also important. In this study, we discovered that Tsa1, a major peroxiredoxin of budding yeast cells, is required for the efficient flux of gluconeogenesis. We found that the suppression of pyruvate kinase (Pyk1) via the interaction with Tsa1 contributes in part to gluconeogenic enhancement. The physical interactions between Pyk1 and Tsa1 were augmented during the shift from glycolysis to gluconeogenesis. Intriguingly, a peroxidatic cysteine in the catalytic center of Tsa1 played an important role in the physical Tsa1-Pyk1 interactions. These interactions are enhanced by exogenous H2O2 and by endogenous reactive oxygen species, which is increased during gluconeogenesis. Only the peroxidatic cysteine, but no other catalytic cysteine of Tsa1, is required for efficient growth during the metabolic shift to obtain maximum yeast growth (biomass). This Tsa1 function is separable from the peroxidase function as an antioxidant. This is the first report to demonstrate that peroxiredoxin has a novel nonperoxidase function as a redox-dependent target modulator and that pyruvate kinase is modulated via an alternative mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Irokawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tachibana
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0861, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Watanabe
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Yuka Matsuyama
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ayako Ogasawara
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Kenta Iwai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Akira Naganuma
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0861, Japan
| | - Shusuke Kuge
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Iwasa S, Sato N, Wang CW, Cheng YH, Irokawa H, Hwang GW, Naganuma A, Kuge S. The Phospholipid:Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Lro1 Is Responsible for Hepatitis C Virus Core-Induced Lipid Droplet Formation in a Yeast Model System. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159324. [PMID: 27459103 PMCID: PMC4961368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus frequently induces steatosis, which is a significant risk factor for liver pathogenesis. Steatosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes. The structural protein core of the virus induces lipid droplet formation and localizes on the surface of the lipid droplets. However, the precise molecular mechanisms for the core-induced formation of lipid droplets remain elusive. Recently, we showed that the expression of the core protein in yeast as a model system could induce lipid droplet formation. In this study, we probed the cellular factors responsible for the formation of core-induced lipid-droplets in yeast cells. We demonstrated that one of the enzymes responsible for triglyceride synthesis, a phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (Lro1), is required for the core-induced lipid droplet formation. While core proteins inhibit Lro1 degradation and alter Lro1 localization, the characteristic localization of Lro1 adjacent to the lipid droplets appeared to be responsible for the core-induced lipid droplet formation. RNA virus genomes have evolved using high mutation rates to maintain their ability to replicate. Our observations suggest a functional relationship between the core protein with hepatocytes and yeast cells. The possible interactions between core proteins and the endoplasmic reticulum membrane affect the mobilization of specific proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Iwasa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, 981–8558, Japan
| | - Naoko Sato
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, 981–8558, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980–8578, Japan
| | - Chao-Wen Wang
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsin Cheng
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hayato Irokawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, 981–8558, Japan
| | - Gi-Wook Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980–8578, Japan
| | - Akira Naganuma
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980–8578, Japan
| | - Shusuke Kuge
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, 981–8558, Japan
- * E-mail: ;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Toxic chemicals often induce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although one of the most abundant ROS-sensitive proteins is in the peroxiredoxin (Prx) family, the function of Prx proteins is poorly understood because they are inactivated under high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Like mammalian cells, the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses multiple Prx proteins. Among the five Prx family proteins, Tsa1 and Ahp1 have the highest and second-highest expression levels, respectively. Here, we focused on a previously uncharacterized phenotype resulting from Tsa1 loss: impaired growth during the late exponential phase. We overexpressed catalase (CTT1) and Ahp1 in cells with disruptions in TSA1 and its homologue, TSA2 (tsa1/2Δ cells), and we found that neither Ctt1 nor Ahp1 overexpression suppressed the impaired cell growth at the stationary phase, although the ROS levels were successfully suppressed. Furthermore, the cell cycle profile was not altered by Tsa1/2 loss, at least in the late exponential phase; however, the glucose consumption rate slowed in the late exponential phase. Our results suggest that ROS levels are not responsible for the growth phenotype. Tsa1 might have a specific function that could not be replaced by Ahp1.
Collapse
|