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González-González L, Gallego-Gutiérrez H, Martin-Tapia D, Avelino-Cruz JE, Hernández-Guzmán C, Rangel-Guerrero SI, Alvarez-Salas LM, Garay E, Chávez-Munguía B, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC, Hernández-Melchor D, López-Bayghen E, González-Mariscal L. ZO-2 favors Hippo signaling, and its re-expression in the steatotic liver by AMPK restores junctional sealing. Tissue Barriers 2021; 10:1994351. [PMID: 34689705 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.1994351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ZO-2 is a peripheral tight junction (TJ) protein whose silencing in renal epithelia induces cell hypertrophy. Here, we found that in ZO-2 KD MDCK cells, in compensatory renal hypertrophy triggered in rats by a unilateral nephrectomy and in liver steatosis of obese Zucker (OZ) rats, ZO-2 silencing is accompanied by the diminished activity of LATS, a kinase of the Hippo pathway, and the nuclear concentration of YAP, the final effector of this signaling route. ZO-2 appears to function as a scaffold for the Hippo pathway as it associates to LATS1. ZO-2 silencing in hypertrophic tissue is due to a diminished abundance of ZO-2 mRNA, and the Sp1 transcription factor is critical for ZO-2 transcription in renal cells. Treatment of OZ rats with metformin, an activator of AMPK that blocks JNK activity, augments ZO-2 and claudin-1 expression in the liver, reduces the paracellular permeability of hepatocytes, and serum bile acid content. Our results suggest that ZO-2 silencing is a common feature of hypertrophy, and that ZO-2 is a positive regulator of the Hippo pathway that regulates cell size. Moreover, our observations highlight the importance of AMPK, JNK, and ZO-2 as therapeutic targets for blood-bile barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura González-González
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Helios Gallego-Gutiérrez
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dolores Martin-Tapia
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Everardo Avelino-Cruz
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Physiology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Christian Hernández-Guzmán
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Israel Rangel-Guerrero
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Marat Alvarez-Salas
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Garay
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Bibiana Chávez-Munguía
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Concepción Gutiérrez-Ruiz
- Department of Health Sciences, Autonomous Metropolitan University- Iztapalapa (UAM-I), Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Unit of Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Research, Unam, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Esther López-Bayghen
- Department of Toxicology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lorenza González-Mariscal
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
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Hernández-Guzmán C, Gallego-Gutiérrez H, Chávez-Munguía B, Martín-Tapia D, González-Mariscal L. Zonula occludens 2 and Cell-Cell Contacts Are Required for Normal Nuclear Shape in Epithelia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102568. [PMID: 34685547 PMCID: PMC8534263 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MAGUK protein ZO-2 is present at tight junctions (TJs) and nuclei. In MDCK ZO-2 knockdown (KD) cells, nuclei exhibit an irregular shape with lobules and indentations. This condition correlates with an increase in DNA double strand breaks, however cells are not senescent and instead become resistant to UV-induced senescence. The irregular nuclear shape is also observed in isolated cells and in those without TJs, due to the lack of extracellular calcium. The aberrant nuclear shape of ZO-2 KD cells is not accompanied by a reduced expression of lamins A/C and B and lamin B receptors. Instead, it involves a decrease in constitutive and facultative heterochromatin, and microtubule instability that is restored with docetaxel. ZO-2 KD cells over-express SUN-1 that crosses the inner nuclear membrane and connects the nucleoskeleton of lamin A to nesprins, which traverse the outer nuclear membrane. Nesprins-3 and -4 that indirectly bind on their cytoplasmic face to vimentin and microtubules, respectively, are also over-expressed in ZO-2 KD cells, whereas vimentin is depleted. SUN-1 and lamin B1 co-immunoprecipitate with ZO-2, and SUN-1 associates to ZO-2 in a pull-down assay. Our results suggest that ZO-2 forms a complex with SUN-1 and lamin B1 at the inner nuclear membrane, and that ZO-2 and cell–cell contacts are required for a normal nuclear shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hernández-Guzmán
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Ave IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (C.H.-G.); (H.G.-G.); (D.M.-T.)
| | - Helios Gallego-Gutiérrez
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Ave IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (C.H.-G.); (H.G.-G.); (D.M.-T.)
| | - Bibiana Chávez-Munguía
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Ave IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Dolores Martín-Tapia
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Ave IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (C.H.-G.); (H.G.-G.); (D.M.-T.)
| | - Lorenza González-Mariscal
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Ave IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (C.H.-G.); (H.G.-G.); (D.M.-T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5747-3966
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Gallego-Gutiérrez H, González-González L, Ramírez-Martínez L, López-Bayghen E, González-Mariscal L. Tight junction protein ZO-2 modulates the nuclear accumulation of transcription factor TEAD. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:1347-1358. [PMID: 34010016 PMCID: PMC8694039 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-07-0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of tight junction protein zonula occludens 2 (ZO-2) at the nucleus inhibits the transcription of genes regulated by TEAD transcription factor. Here, we analyzed whether the movement of ZO-2 into the nucleus modulates the nuclear concentration of TEAD. In sparse cultures of ZO-2 knockdown Madin–Darby canine kidney cells, nuclear TEAD was diminished, as in parental cells transfected with a ZO-2 construct without nuclear localization signals, indicating that ZO-2 facilitates the entry of TEAD into the nucleus. Inhibition of nPKCδ in parental cells triggers the interaction between ZO-2 and TEAD at the cytoplasm and facilitates TEAD/ZO-2 complex nuclear importation. Using proximity ligation, immunoprecipitation, and pull-down assays, TEAD/ZO-2 interaction was confirmed. Nuclear TEAD is phosphorylated, and its exit in parental cells is enhanced by activation of a ZO-2 nuclear exportation signal by nPKCε, while the nuclear accumulation of ZO-2 triggered by the mutation of ZO-2 nuclear export signals induces no change in TEAD nuclear concentration. In summary, our results indicate that the movements of ZO-2 in and out of the nucleus modulate the intracellular traffic of TEAD through a process regulated by nPKCδ and ε and provide a novel role of ZO-2 as a nuclear translocator of TEAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leticia Ramírez-Martínez
- Department of Toxicology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Esther López-Bayghen
- Department of Toxicology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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González-Mariscal L, Miranda J, Gallego-Gutiérrez H, Cano-Cortina M, Amaya E. Relationship between apical junction proteins, gene expression and cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2020; 1862:183278. [PMID: 32240623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The apical junctional complex (AJC) is a cell-cell adhesion system present at the upper portion of the lateral membrane of epithelial cells integrated by the tight junction (TJ) and the adherens junction (AJ). This complex is crucial to initiate and stabilize cell-cell adhesion, to regulate the paracellular transit of ions and molecules and to maintain cell polarity. Moreover, we now consider the AJC as a hub of signal transduction that regulates cell-cell adhesion, gene transcription and cell proliferation and differentiation. The molecular components of the AJC are multiple and diverse and depending on the cellular context some of the proteins in this complex act as tumor suppressors or as promoters of cell transformation, migration and metastasis outgrowth. Here, we describe these new roles played by TJ and AJ proteins and their potential use in cancer diagnostics and as targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza González-Mariscal
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Jael Miranda
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Helios Gallego-Gutiérrez
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Misael Cano-Cortina
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elida Amaya
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
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Domínguez-Calderón A, Ávila-Flores A, Ponce A, López-Bayghen E, Calderón-Salinas JV, Luis Reyes J, Chávez-Munguía B, Segovia J, Angulo C, Ramírez L, Gallego-Gutiérrez H, Alarcón L, Martín-Tapia D, Bautista-García P, González-Mariscal L. ZO-2 silencing induces renal hypertrophy through a cell cycle mechanism and the activation of YAP and the mTOR pathway. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:1581-95. [PMID: 27009203 PMCID: PMC4865316 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-08-0598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal compensatory hypertrophy (RCH) restores normal kidney function after disease or loss of kidney tissue and is characterized by an increase in organ size due to cell enlargement and not to cell proliferation. In MDCK renal epithelial cells, silencing of the tight junction protein zona occludens 2 (ZO-2 KD) induces cell hypertrophy by two mechanisms: prolonging the time that cells spend at the G1 phase of the cell cycle due to an increase in cyclin D1 level, and augmenting the rate of protein synthesis. The latter is triggered by the nuclear accumulation and increased transcriptional activity of Yes-associated protein (YAP), the main target of the Hippo pathway, which results in decreased expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue. This in turn increased the level of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate, which transactivates the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, leading to activation of the kinase S6K1 and increased synthesis of proteins and cell size. In agreement, in a rat model of uninephrectomy, RCH is accompanied by decreased expression of ZO-2 and nuclear expression of YAP. Our results reveal a novel role of ZO-2 as a modulator of cell size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaide Domínguez-Calderón
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - Antonia Ávila-Flores
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center of Biotechnology/CSIC, Darwin 3 UAM, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Ponce
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - Esther López-Bayghen
- Department of Toxicology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | | | - José Luis Reyes
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - Bibiana Chávez-Munguía
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - José Segovia
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - Carla Angulo
- Department of Toxicology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - Leticia Ramírez
- Department of Toxicology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - Helios Gallego-Gutiérrez
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - Lourdes Alarcón
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - Dolores Martín-Tapia
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - Pablo Bautista-García
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
| | - Lorenza González-Mariscal
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México D.F. 07360, México
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