1
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Oliveira MLG, Castelli EC, Veiga‐Castelli LC, Pereira ALE, Marcorin L, Carratto TMT, Souza AS, Andrade HS, Simões AL, Donadi EA, Courtin D, Sabbagh A, Giuliatti S, Mendes‐Junior CT. Genetic diversity of the
LILRB1
and
LILRB2
coding regions in an admixed Brazilian population sample. HLA 2022; 100:325-348. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.14725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Erick C. Castelli
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine São Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu State of São Paulo Brazil
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Medicine São Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu State of São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luciana C. Veiga‐Castelli
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Alison Luis E. Pereira
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Letícia Marcorin
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Thássia M. T. Carratto
- Departamento de Química, Laboratório de Pesquisas Forenses e Genômicas, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Andreia S. Souza
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Medicine São Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu State of São Paulo Brazil
| | - Heloisa S. Andrade
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Medicine São Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu State of São Paulo Brazil
| | - Aguinaldo L. Simões
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Eduardo A. Donadi
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | | | | | - Silvana Giuliatti
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Celso Teixeira Mendes‐Junior
- Departamento de Química, Laboratório de Pesquisas Forenses e Genômicas, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
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2
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Castelli EC, de Castro MV, Naslavsky MS, Scliar MO, Silva NSB, Andrade HS, Souza AS, Pereira RN, Castro CFB, Mendes-Junior CT, Meyer D, Nunes K, Matos LRB, Silva MVR, Wang JYT, Esposito J, Coria VR, Bortolin RH, Hirata MH, Magawa JY, Cunha-Neto E, Coelho V, Santos KS, Marin MLC, Kalil J, Mitne-Neto M, Maciel RMB, Passos-Bueno MR, Zatz M. MHC Variants Associated With Symptomatic Versus Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Highly Exposed Individuals. Front Immunol 2021; 12:742881. [PMID: 34650566 PMCID: PMC8506217 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.742881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high number of individuals infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) who develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms worldwide, many exposed individuals remain asymptomatic and/or uninfected and seronegative. This could be explained by a combination of environmental (exposure), immunological (previous infection), epigenetic, and genetic factors. Aiming to identify genetic factors involved in immune response in symptomatic COVID-19 as compared to asymptomatic exposed individuals, we analyzed 83 Brazilian couples where one individual was infected and symptomatic while the partner remained asymptomatic and serum-negative for at least 6 months despite sharing the same bedroom during the infection. We refer to these as "discordant couples". We performed whole-exome sequencing followed by a state-of-the-art method to call genotypes and haplotypes across the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region. The discordant partners had comparable ages and genetic ancestry, but women were overrepresented (65%) in the asymptomatic group. In the antigen-presentation pathway, we observed an association between HLA-DRB1 alleles encoding Lys at residue 71 (mostly DRB1*03:01 and DRB1*04:01) and DOB*01:02 with symptomatic infections and HLA-A alleles encoding 144Q/151R with asymptomatic seronegative women. Among the genes related to immune modulation, we detected variants in MICA and MICB associated with symptomatic infections. These variants are related to higher expression of soluble MICA and low expression of MICB. Thus, quantitative differences in these molecules that modulate natural killer (NK) activity could contribute to susceptibility to COVID-19 by downregulating NK cell cytotoxic activity in infected individuals but not in the asymptomatic partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick C. Castelli
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory–Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mateus V. de Castro
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michel S. Naslavsky
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilia O. Scliar
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayane S. B. Silva
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory–Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Heloisa S. Andrade
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory–Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Andreia S. Souza
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory–Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Raphaela N. Pereira
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory–Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Camila F. B. Castro
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory–Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Sudoeste Paulista, Avaré, Brazil
| | - Celso T. Mendes-Junior
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofa, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Diogo Meyer
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelly Nunes
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa R. B. Matos
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monize V. R. Silva
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Y. T. Wang
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joyce Esposito
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vivian R. Coria
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raul H. Bortolin
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario H. Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jhosiene Y. Magawa
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Disciplina de Alergia e Imunologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edecio Cunha-Neto
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Disciplina de Alergia e Imunologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), LIM19, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia - Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Verônica Coelho
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), LIM19, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia - Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Keity S. Santos
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Disciplina de Alergia e Imunologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), LIM19, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia - Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia C. Marin
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), LIM19, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia - Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Kalil
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Disciplina de Alergia e Imunologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), LIM19, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia - Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Rita Passos-Bueno
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayana Zatz
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Weiss E, Andrade HS, Lara JR, Souza AS, Paz MA, Lima THA, Porto IOP, S B Silva N, Castro CFB, Grotto RMT, Donadi EA, Mendes-Junior CT, Castelli EC. KIR2DL4 genetic diversity in a Brazilian population sample: implications for transcription regulation and protein diversity in samples with different ancestry backgrounds. Immunogenetics 2021; 73:227-241. [PMID: 33595694 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-021-01206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
KIR2DL4 is an important immune modulator expressed in natural killer cells; HLA-G is its main ligand. We have characterized the KIR2DL4 genetic diversity by considering the promoter, all exons, and all introns in a highly admixed Brazilian population sample and by using massively parallel sequencing. We introduce a molecular method to amplify and to sequence the complete KIR2DL4 gene. To avoid the mapping bias and genotype errors commonly observed in gene families, we have developed and validated a bioinformatic pipeline designed to minimize these errors and applied it to survey the variability of 220 individuals from the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. We have also compared the KIR2DL4 genetic diversity in the Brazilian cohort with the diversity previously reported by the 1000Genomes consortium. KIR2DL4 presents high linkage disequilibrium throughout the gene, with coding sequences associated with specific promoters. There are few but divergent promoter haplotypes. We have also detected many new KIR2DL4 sequences, all bearing nucleotide exchanges in introns and encoding previously described proteins. Exons 3 and 4, which encode the external domains, are the most variable. The ancestry background influences the KIR2DL4 allele frequencies and must be considered for association studies regarding KIR2DL4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliana Weiss
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory - Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Genetics Program, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloisa S Andrade
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory - Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Genetics Program, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Rodrigues Lara
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory - Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia S Souza
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory - Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Genetics Program, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michelle A Paz
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory - Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Pathology Program, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thálitta H A Lima
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory - Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Genetics Program, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iane O P Porto
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory - Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Pathology Program, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayane S B Silva
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory - Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Pathology Program, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila F Bannwart Castro
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory - Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rejane M T Grotto
- Pathology Program, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.,School of Agronomical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A Donadi
- Department of Medicine, Ribeirão, Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celso T Mendes-Junior
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências E Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erick C Castelli
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory - Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. .,Genetics Program, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. .,Pathology Program, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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4
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Komoda D, Carvalho SR, Justino J, Oliveira C, Botteon LM, Dias TM, Andrade HS, Ravelli D. Govern of conducts, risk and homeless care in Brazil: Reflections. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, inspired by governmental studies on Foucault, Nikolas Rose, Deborah Lupton and Mitchell Dean, we develop considerations about the ways through which the concept of risk has been operating within the homeless health care that live in some metropolitan areas of Brazil. In this paper, we discuss risk us as a moral and political technology that produces patterns to experience and to analyze reality.: Risk as a technology that has an important role in governing conducts and production of subjectivity. We argue that whilst health policy determines healthy ways of life, its effect can contribute to active surveillance (by the health care experts and by the homeless persons) that stigmatizes and divide society around the concept o 'normality' informed, between others, by epidemiological 'evidence'. Albeit the risks associated with risk-based technologies to build up a surveillance net and standardization that reinforces submissive ways of life, we find out on our ethnographic study within the services - named 'Street Surgery'- that offers transdisciplinary healthcare for people living in the streets of Campinas, Brazil, that those technologies strikes itself continuously with practices of counter-conducts by the homeless that resist the normalization of their lives and point out to other ways of producing life and care. Others ways that, is important to say, have been very influential to change the medical and other professional experts practices of the 'Street Surgery' of Campinas and had been very important to academic researchers that have been questioning hegemonic discourses, arrangements and practices of care on the Primary Health System.
Key messages
Risk-based approach to health can lead to the reinforcement of submissive ways of life, incompatible with a broader concept of health. For the development of a compromised and humanized care, it's important to take into consideration the.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Komoda
- Public Health, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - S R Carvalho
- Public Health, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - J Justino
- Public Health, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - C Oliveira
- Public Health, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - L M Botteon
- Public Health, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - T M Dias
- Public Health, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - H S Andrade
- Public Health, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - D Ravelli
- Public Health, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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5
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Souza AS, Sonon P, Paz MA, Tokplonou L, Lima THA, Porto IOP, Andrade HS, Silva NDSB, Veiga-Castelli LC, Oliveira MLG, Sadissou IA, Massaro JD, Moutairou KA, Donadi EA, Massougbodji A, Garcia A, Ibikounlé M, Meyer D, Sabbagh A, Mendes-Junior CT, Courtin D, Castelli EC. Hla-C genetic diversity and evolutionary insights in two samples from Brazil and Benin. HLA 2020; 96:468-486. [PMID: 32662221 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen-C (HLA-C) is a classical HLA class I molecule that binds and presents peptides to cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the cell surface. HLA-C has a dual function because it also interacts with Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) receptors expressed in natural killer and T cells, modulating their activity. The structure and diversity of the HLA-C regulatory regions, as well as the relationship among variants along the HLA-C locus, are poorly addressed, and few population-based studies explored the HLA-C variability in the entire gene in different population samples. Here we present a molecular and bioinformatics method to evaluate the entire HLA-C diversity, including regulatory sequences. Then, we applied this method to survey the HLA-C diversity in two population samples with different demographic histories, one highly admixed from Brazil with major European contribution, and one from Benin with major African contribution. The HLA-C promoter and 3'UTR were very polymorphic with the presence of few, but highly divergent haplotypes. These segments also present conserved sequences that are shared among different primate species. Nucleotide diversity was higher in other segments rather than exons 2 and 3, particularly around exon 5 and the second half of the 3'UTR region. We detected evidence of balancing selection on the entire HLA-C locus and positive selection in the HLA-C leader peptide, for both populations. HLA-C motifs previously associated with KIR interaction and expression regulation are similar between both populations. Each allele group is associated with specific regulatory sequences, reflecting the high linkage disequilibrium along the entire HLA-C locus in both populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia S Souza
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory-Experimental Research Unity, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Genetics Program, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulin Sonon
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Programa de Imunologia Básica e Aplicada (IBA), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michelle A Paz
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory-Experimental Research Unity, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Pathology Program, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Léonidas Tokplonou
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 261 MERIT, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Cotonou, Benin.,Département de Zoologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Thálitta H A Lima
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory-Experimental Research Unity, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Genetics Program, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iane O P Porto
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory-Experimental Research Unity, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Pathology Program, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloisa S Andrade
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory-Experimental Research Unity, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Genetics Program, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayane Dos S B Silva
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory-Experimental Research Unity, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Pathology Program, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana C Veiga-Castelli
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza G Oliveira
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ibrahim Abiodoun Sadissou
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Programa de Imunologia Básica e Aplicada (IBA), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Doblas Massaro
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Programa de Imunologia Básica e Aplicada (IBA), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kabirou A Moutairou
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaire, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Eduardo A Donadi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Achille Massougbodji
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Cotonou, Benin
| | - André Garcia
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 261 MERIT, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Moudachirou Ibikounlé
- Département de Zoologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Diogo Meyer
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Audrey Sabbagh
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 261 MERIT, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Celso T Mendes-Junior
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David Courtin
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 261 MERIT, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Erick C Castelli
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory-Experimental Research Unity, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Genetics Program, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Pathology Program, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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