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Lai HM, Tang Y, Lau ZYH, Campbell RAA, Yau JCN, Chan CCY, Chan DCW, Wong TY, Wong HKT, Yan LYC, Wu WKK, Wong SH, Kwok KW, Wing YK, Lam HHN, Ng HK, Mrsic-Flogel TD, Mok VCT, Chan JYK, Ko H. Antibody stabilization for thermally accelerated deep immunostaining. Nat Methods 2022; 19:1137-1146. [PMID: 36050489 PMCID: PMC9467915 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-022-01569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies have diverse applications due to their high reaction specificities but are sensitive to denaturation when a higher working temperature is required. We have developed a simple, highly scalable and generalizable chemical approach for stabilizing off-the-shelf antibodies against thermal and chemical denaturation. We demonstrate that the stabilized antibodies (termed SPEARs) can withstand up to 4 weeks of continuous heating at 55 °C and harsh denaturants, and apply our method to 33 tested antibodies. SPEARs enable flexible applications of thermocycling and denaturants to dynamically modulate their binding kinetics, reaction equilibrium, macromolecular diffusivity and aggregation propensity. In particular, we show that SPEARs permit the use of a thermally facilitated three-dimensional immunolabeling strategy (termed ThICK staining), achieving whole mouse brain immunolabeling within 72 h, as well as nearly fourfold deeper penetration with threefold less antibodies in human brain tissue. With faster deep-tissue immunolabeling and broad compatibility with tissue processing and clearing methods without the need for any specialized equipment, we anticipate the wide applicability of ThICK staining with SPEARs for deep immunostaining. Thermostable antibodies called SPEARs enable rapid immunostaining with improved tissue penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei Ming Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| | - Yumi Tang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Zachary Y H Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Robert A A Campbell
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University College London, London, UK
| | - Juno C N Yau
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Caleb C Y Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Danny C W Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Tin Yan Wong
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
| | - Harriet K T Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Leo Y C Yan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - William K K Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Sunny H Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore
| | - Ka-Wai Kwok
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yun-Kwok Wing
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Henry H N Lam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
| | - Ho-Keung Ng
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Thomas D Mrsic-Flogel
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vincent C T Mok
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Jason Y K Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ho Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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Kwan KKL, Wong TY, Yu AXD, Dong TTX, Lam HHN, Tsim KWK. Integrated Omics Reveals the Orchestrating Role of Calycosin in Danggui Buxue Tang, a Herbal Formula Containing Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Astragali Radix, in Inducing Osteoblastic Differentiation and Proliferation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:670947. [PMID: 34248625 PMCID: PMC8260986 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.670947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systems biology unravels the black box of signaling pathway of cells; but which has not been extensively applied to reveal the mechanistic synergy of a herbal formula. The therapeutic efficacies of a herbal formula having multi-target, multi-function and multi-pathway are the niches of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Here, we reported an integrated omics approach, coupled with the knockout of an active compound, to measure the regulation of cellular signaling, as to reveal the landscape in cultured rat osteoblasts having synergistic pharmacological efficacy of Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), a Chinese herbal formula containing Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Astragali Radix. The changes in signaling pathways responsible for energy metabolism, RNA metabolism and protein metabolism showed distinct features between DBT and calycosin-depleted DBT. Here, our results show that calycosin within DBT can orchestrate the osteoblastic functions and signaling pathways of the entire herbal formula. This finding reveals the harmony of herbal medicine in pharmacological functions, as well as the design of drug/herbal medicine formulation. The integration of systems biology can provide novel and essential insights into the synergistic property of a herbal formula, which is a key in modernizing TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K L Kwan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tin Yan Wong
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, China
| | - Anna X D Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tina T X Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Henry H N Lam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Chaiyarit S, Singhto N, Chen YJ, Cheng CY, Chiangjong W, Kanlaya R, Lam HHN, Peerapen P, Sung TY, Tipthara P, Pandey A, Poon TCW, Chen YJ, Sirdeshmukh R, Chung MCM, Thongboonkerd V. Chromosome-centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP): Chromosome 12. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:3160-5. [PMID: 24831074 DOI: 10.1021/pr500009j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Following an official announcement of the Chromosome-centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP), the Chromosome 12 (Ch12) Consortium has been established by five representative teams from five Asian countries including Thailand (Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University), Singapore (National University of Singapore), Taiwan (Academia Sinica), Hong Kong (The Chinese University of Hong Kong), and India (Institute of Bioinformatics). We have worked closely together to extensively and systematically analyze all missing and known proteins encoded by Ch12 for their tissue/cellular/subcellular localizations. The target organs/tissues/cells include kidney, brain, gastrointestinal tissues, blood/immune cells, and stem cells. In the later phase, post-translational modifications and functional significance of Ch12-encoded proteins as well as their associations with human diseases (i.e., immune diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers) will be defined. We have collaborated with other chromosome teams, Human Kidney and Urine Proteome Project (HKUPP), AOHUPO Membrane Proteomics Initiative, and other existing HUPO initiatives in the Biology/Disease-Based Human Proteome Project (B/D-HPP) to delineate functional roles and medical implications of Ch12-encoded proteins. The data set to be obtained from this multicountry consortium will be an important piece of the jigsaw puzzle to fulfill the missions and goals of the C-HPP and the global Human Proteome Project (HPP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University , 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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