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Gousis C, Michoglou K, Lowe H, Akay M, Kapiris M, Angelis V. Systemic therapies post progression on CDK4/6 inhibitors in patients with oestrogen receptor positive metastatic breast cancer: Real world data from Guy’s Cancer Centre. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01524-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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2
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Gousis C, Michoglou K, Lowe H, Kapiris M, Angelis V. Beyond First Line CDK4/6 Inhibitors (CDK4/6i) and Aromatase Inhibitors (AI) in Patients with Oestrogen Receptor Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (ER+ MBC): The Guy’s Cancer Centre Experience. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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3
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Rubenis I, Wong C, Lowe H, Kritharides L, Yong A, Brieger D, Roy P. Incidence and Risk Factors for Early Radial Artery Occlusion Post-Coronary Procedure: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Rubenis I, Hyun K, Lowe H, Kritharides L, Yong A, Brieger D, Roy P. Efficacy and Safety of Contemporary PCI in the Elderly – A Prospective Two-Year Cohort Study From the Concord Hospital PCI Registry. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lowe H, Toyang N, Steele B, Bryant J, Ngwa W, Nedamat K. The Current and Potential Application of Medicinal Cannabis Products in Dentistry. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:106. [PMID: 34562980 PMCID: PMC8466648 DOI: 10.3390/dj9090106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral and dental diseases are a major global burden, the most common non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and may even affect an individual's general quality of life and health. The most prevalent dental and oral health conditions are tooth decay (otherwise referred to as dental caries/cavities), oral cancers, gingivitis, periodontitis, periodontal (gum) disease, Noma, oro-dental trauma, oral manifestations of HIV, sensitive teeth, cracked teeth, broken teeth, and congenital anomalies such as cleft lip and palate. Herbs have been utilized for hundreds of years in traditional Chinese, African and Indian medicine and even in some Western countries, for the treatment of oral and dental conditions including but not limited to dental caries, gingivitis and toothaches, dental pulpitis, halitosis (bad breath), mucositis, sore throat, oral wound infections, and periodontal abscesses. Herbs have also been used as plaque removers (chew sticks), antimicrobials, analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, and antiseptics. Cannabis sativa L. in particular has been utilized in traditional Asian medicine for tooth-pain management, prevention of dental caries and reduction in gum inflammation. The distribution of cannabinoid (CB) receptors in the mouth suggest that the endocannabinoid system may be a target for the treatment of oral and dental diseases. Most recently, interest has been geared toward the use of Cannabidiol (CBD), one of several secondary metabolites produced by C. sativa L. CBD is a known anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anxiolytic, anti-microbial and anti-cancer agent, and as a result, may have therapeutic potential against conditions such burning mouth syndrome, dental anxiety, gingivitis, and possible oral cancer. Other major secondary metabolites of C. sativa L. such as terpenes and flavonoids also share anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anxiolytic and anti-microbial properties and may also have dental and oral applications. This review will investigate the potential of secondary metabolites of C. sativa L. in the treatment of dental and oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Lowe
- Biotech R & D Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona 99999, Jamaica; (H.L.); (J.B.)
- Vilotos Pharmaceuticals Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA;
- Flavocure Biotech Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Ngeh Toyang
- Vilotos Pharmaceuticals Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA;
- Flavocure Biotech Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Blair Steele
- Biotech R & D Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona 99999, Jamaica; (H.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Joseph Bryant
- Biotech R & D Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona 99999, Jamaica; (H.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Wilfred Ngwa
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Kaveh Nedamat
- Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;
- Auraleaf Innovations, Toronto, ON M9B 4H6, Canada
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Lowe H, Toyang N, Steele B, Bryant J, Ngwa W. The Endocannabinoid System: A Potential Target for the Treatment of Various Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9472. [PMID: 34502379 PMCID: PMC8430969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Endocannabinoid System (ECS) is primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis, a balance in internal environment (temperature, mood, and immune system) and energy input and output in living, biological systems. In addition to regulating physiological processes, the ECS directly influences anxiety, feeding behaviour/appetite, emotional behaviour, depression, nervous functions, neurogenesis, neuroprotection, reward, cognition, learning, memory, pain sensation, fertility, pregnancy, and pre-and post-natal development. The ECS is also involved in several pathophysiological diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, genetic and pharmacological manipulation of the ECS has gained significant interest in medicine, research, and drug discovery and development. The distribution of the components of the ECS system throughout the body, and the physiological/pathophysiological role of the ECS-signalling pathways in many diseases, all offer promising opportunities for the development of novel cannabinergic, cannabimimetic, and cannabinoid-based therapeutic drugs that genetically or pharmacologically modulate the ECS via inhibition of metabolic pathways and/or agonism or antagonism of the receptors of the ECS. This modulation results in the differential expression/activity of the components of the ECS that may be beneficial in the treatment of a number of diseases. This manuscript in-depth review will investigate the potential of the ECS in the treatment of various diseases, and to put forth the suggestion that many of these secondary metabolites of Cannabis sativa L. (hereafter referred to as "C. sativa L." or "medical cannabis"), may also have potential as lead compounds in the development of cannabinoid-based pharmaceuticals for a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Lowe
- Biotech R & D Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona 99999, Jamaica; (H.L.); (J.B.)
- Vilotos Pharmaceuticals Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA;
- Flavocure Biotech Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Ngeh Toyang
- Vilotos Pharmaceuticals Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA;
- Flavocure Biotech Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Blair Steele
- Biotech R & D Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona 99999, Jamaica; (H.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Joseph Bryant
- Biotech R & D Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona 99999, Jamaica; (H.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Wilfred Ngwa
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Lowe H, Steele B, Bryant J, Fouad E, Toyang N, Ngwa W. Antiviral Activity of Jamaican Medicinal Plants and Isolated Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030607. [PMID: 33503834 PMCID: PMC7865499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have had historical significance in medicine since the beginning of civilization. The oldest medical pharmacopeias of the African, Arabian, and Asian countries solely utilize plants and herbs to treat pain, oral diseases, skin diseases, microbial infections, multiple types of cancers, reproductive disorders among a myriad of other ailments. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that over 65% of the world population solely utilize botanical preparations as medicine. Due to the abundance of plants, plant-derived medicines are more readily accessible, affordable, convenient, and have safer side-effect profiles than synthetic drugs. Plant-based decoctions have been a significant part of Jamaican traditional folklore medicine. Jamaica is of particular interest because it has approximately 52% of the established medicinal plants that exist on earth. This makes the island particularly welcoming for rigorous scientific research on the medicinal value of plants and the development of phytomedicine thereof. Viral infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), hepatitis virus B and C, influenza A virus, and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) present a significant global burden. This is a review of some important Jamaican medicinal plants, with particular reference to their antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Lowe
- Biotech R & D Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, 99999 Kingston, Jamaica; (H.L.); (J.B.)
- Vilotos Pharmaceuticals Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA;
- Flavocure Biotech Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- Institute of Human Virology (IHV), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Blair Steele
- Biotech R & D Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, 99999 Kingston, Jamaica; (H.L.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-876-926-8502
| | - Joseph Bryant
- Biotech R & D Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, 99999 Kingston, Jamaica; (H.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Emadelden Fouad
- Physics Department, Florida Polytechnic Institute, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA; (E.F.); (W.N.)
| | - Ngeh Toyang
- Vilotos Pharmaceuticals Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA;
- Flavocure Biotech Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Wilfred Ngwa
- Physics Department, Florida Polytechnic Institute, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA; (E.F.); (W.N.)
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Dana-Faber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Rajaratnam D, Hyun K, Wong C, Garcia M, Lau J, Lowe H, Yong A, Kritharides L, Brieger D, Roy P. Longer-Term Safety and Efficacy of Contemporary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention – Insights from 2-Year Follow-Up of a Single Australian Centre Registry. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Moreau M, Ibeh U, Decosmo K, Bih N, Yasmin-Karim S, Toyang N, Lowe H, Ngwa W. Corrigendum: Flavonoid Derivative of Cannabis Demonstrates Therapeutic Potential in Preclinical Models of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1434. [PMID: 32974159 PMCID: PMC7472526 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Moreau
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Udoka Ibeh
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kaylie Decosmo
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of CaNCURE Program, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Noella Bih
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sayeda Yasmin-Karim
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ngeh Toyang
- Flavocure Biotech Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Henry Lowe
- Flavocure Biotech Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wilfred Ngwa
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
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Forsyth S, Yip K, Foran B, Gougis P, Wheeler G, White L, Chandrakumar A, Blair K, Pathak Y, Spanswick V, Lowe H, Hartley J, Forster M. 979TiP POPPY: A phase II trial to assess the efficacy and safety profile of pembrolizumab in patients with performance status 2 with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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11
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Arnold R, Amos D, Lowe H, Elder A, Martin S, Moss S, McMaster K, Juergens C, Ryan E, Larnach G, Adams M. 472 Development of a Rural NSW Cardiac Catheter and Coronary Intervention Service Over 14 Years: Impacts on Service and 30 Day AMI Mortality. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Moss S, Arnold R, Lowe H, Elder A, Juergens C, McMaster K, Roach A, Larnach G, Adams M, Amos D. 436 A Rural 24/7 Cardiac Catheter Lab Service in Western NSW Local Health District (WNSWLHD): Locally Based Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Care With Low Mortality Over 5 Years. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Moreau M, Ibeh U, Decosmo K, Bih N, Yasmin-Karim S, Toyang N, Lowe H, Ngwa W. Flavonoid Derivative of Cannabis Demonstrates Therapeutic Potential in Preclinical Models of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:660. [PMID: 31396485 PMCID: PMC6663976 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is particularly refractory to modern therapies, with a 5-year survival rate for patients at a dismal 8%. One of the significant barriers to effective treatment is the immunosuppressive pancreatic tumor microenvironment and development of resistance to treatment. New treatment options to increase both the survival and quality of life of patients are urgently needed. This study reports on a new non-cannabinoid, non-psychoactive derivative of cannabis, termed FBL-03G, with the potential to treat pancreatic cancer. In vitro results show major increase in apoptosis and consequential decrease in survival for two pancreatic cancer models- Panc-02 and KPC pancreatic cancer cells treated with varying concentrations of FBL-03G and radiotherapy. Meanwhile, in vivo results demonstrate therapeutic efficacy in delaying both local and metastatic tumor progression in animal models with pancreatic cancer when using FBL-03G sustainably delivered from smart radiotherapy biomaterials. Repeated experiments also showed significant (P < 0.0001) increase in survival for animals with pancreatic cancer compared to control cohorts. The findings demonstrate the potential for this new cannabis derivative in the treatment of both localized and advanced pancreatic cancer, providing impetus for further studies toward clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Moreau
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Udoka Ibeh
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kaylie Decosmo
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of CaNCURE Program, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Noella Bih
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sayeda Yasmin-Karim
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ngeh Toyang
- Flavocure Biotech Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Henry Lowe
- Flavocure Biotech Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wilfred Ngwa
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
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Tierney M, McMaster K, Elder A, Arnold R, Amos D, Lowe H. Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (TCM) Snapshot 2018: A Contemporary Analysis from a Rural Tertiary Referral Centre. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lau J, Javadzadegan A, Roy P, Lowe H, Brieger D, Kritharides L, Yong A. 1058Remote ischaemic preconditioning causes rapid increase in coronary flow reserve and reduction in microcirculatory resistance. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mandair D, Vesely C, Ensell L, Lowe H, Spanswick V, Hartley JA, Caplin ME, Meyer T. A comparison of CellCollector with CellSearch in patients with neuroendocrine tumours. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:L29-32. [PMID: 27521132 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Mandair
- UCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College London, London, UK Neuroendocrine Tumour UnitRoyal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Vesely
- UCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College London, London, UK
| | - L Ensell
- UCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College London, London, UK
| | - H Lowe
- UCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College London, London, UK
| | - V Spanswick
- UCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College London, London, UK
| | - J A Hartley
- UCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College London, London, UK
| | - M E Caplin
- Neuroendocrine Tumour UnitRoyal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - T Meyer
- UCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College London, London, UK Neuroendocrine Tumour UnitRoyal Free Hospital, London, UK
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Gnanenthiran S, Lowe H, Brieger D. Early Invasive Therapy Compared to Initially Conservative Treatment in Elderly Patients Presenting with Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gnanenthiran S, Lowe H, Brieger D. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Compared to Conservative Treatment in Elderly Patients Presenting with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Fathieh S, Sheriff J, Ng A, Brazete S, Gullick J, Brieger D, Kritharides L, Lowe H. High Rates of Self-Reported Depression in a Rapid Access Chest Pain Clinic (RACPC) Population From a Tertiary Metropolitan Hospital. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Lowe H, Toyang N, Roy S, Watson C, Bryant J. Inhibition of the Human Hepatitis C Virus by Dibenzyl Trisulfide from Petiveria alliacea L (Guinea Hen Weed). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.9734/bmrj/2016/22120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Lowe H, Toyang N, Heredia A, Ayeah K, Watson C, Bryant J. Petiveria alliacea L (Guinea Hen Weed) and Its Major Metabolite Dibenzyl Trisulfide Demonstrate HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitory Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.9734/ejmp/2015/12064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To address the challenge of balancing privacy with the need to create cross-site research registry records on individual patients, while matching the data for a given patient as he or she moves between participating sites. To evaluate the strategy of generating anonymous identifiers based on real identifiers in such a way that the chances of a shared patient being accurately identified were maximized, and the chances of incorrectly joining two records belonging to different people were minimized. METHODS Our hypothesis was that most variation in names occurs after the first two letters, and that date of birth is highly reliable, so a single match variable consisting of a hashed string built from the first two letters of the patient's first and last names plus their date of birth would have the desired characteristics. We compared and contrasted the match algorithm characteristics (rate of false positive v. rate of false negative) for our chosen variable against both Social Security Numbers and full names. RESULTS In a data set of 19 000 records, a derived match variable consisting of a 2-character prefix from both first and last names combined with date of birth has a 97% sensitivity; by contrast, an anonymized identifier based on the patient's full names and date of birth has a sensitivity of only 87% and SSN has sensitivity 86%. CONCLUSION The approach we describe is most useful in situations where privacy policies preclude the full exchange of the identifiers required by more sophisticated and sensitive linkage algorithms. For data sets of sufficiently high quality this effective approach, while producing a lower rate of matching than more complex algorithms, has the merit of being easy to explain to institutional review boards, adheres to the minimum necessary rule of the HIPAA privacy rule, and is faster and less cumbersome to implement than a full probabilistic linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C Weber
- Center for Clinical Informatics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
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Doherty J, Lowe H. Development and Initial Evaluation of Intracoronary 3D-Optical Coherence Tomography. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Alcock R, Yong A, Ng A, Chow V, Cheruvu C, Aliprandi-Costa B, Kritharides L, Lowe H, Brieger D. Leukocyte Count is a Predictor of Long-Term Mortality in Stable Patients But Not Non-Elective Patients Undergoing PCI. Heart Lung Circ 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2010.06.994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tabet E, Brieger D, Lowe H. Obstruction of the St Jude Prosthetic Aortic Valve: Diagnostic Utility of Cineradiographic Screening Using an in Vitro Model. Heart Lung Circ 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2010.06.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Yong A, Pennings G, Brieger D, Ng M, Lowe H, Kritharides L. Platelet CD147 Expression is Upregulated Within the Cardiac Circulation in Humans. Heart Lung Circ 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2010.06.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hernandez P, Podchiyska T, Weber S, Ferris T, Lowe H. Automated mapping of pharmacy orders from two electronic health record systems to RxNorm within the STRIDE clinical data warehouse. AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2009; 2009:244-248. [PMID: 20351858 PMCID: PMC2815471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The Stanford Translational Research Integrated Database Environment (STRIDE) clinical data warehouse integrates medication information from two Stanford hospitals that use different drug representation systems. To merge this pharmacy data into a single, standards-based model supporting research we developed an algorithm to map HL7 pharmacy orders to RxNorm concepts. A formal evaluation of this algorithm on 1.5 million pharmacy orders showed that the system could accurately assign pharmacy orders in over 96% of cases. This paper describes the algorithm and discusses some of the causes of failures in mapping to RxNorm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penni Hernandez
- Center for Clinical Informatics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Livesey
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Australia , Nedlands, W.A., 6009
| | - M. F. Han
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Australia , Nedlands, W.A., 6009
| | - H. Lowe
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Australia , Nedlands, W.A., 6009
| | - R. Feakes
- the West Australian Institute of Technology
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Lowe H, McMahon DJ, Rubin MR, Bilezikian JP, Silverberg SJ. Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism: further characterization of a new clinical phenotype. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92:3001-5. [PMID: 17536001 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-2802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Patients with elevated PTH and consistently normal serum calcium levels, in whom secondary causes of hyperparathyroidism have been excluded, may represent the earliest presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to characterize patients with normocalcemic PHPT referred to a bone disease unit. DESIGN This was a longitudinal cohort study. SETTING Ambulatory patients were referred to the metabolic bone disease unit. PATIENTS The study population included 37 patients [aged 58 yr, range 32-78; 95% female; serum calcium, 9.4 +/- 0.1 (sem) mg/dl (2.3 +/- 0.02 mmol/liter), reference range, 8.5-10.4 (2.1-2.6 mmol/liter); PTH, 93 +/- 5 pg/ml]. INTERVENTIONS Interventions included yearly (median 3 yr; range 1-8 yr) physical examination, biochemical indices, and bone mineral density (BMD). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We measured the development of features of PHPT. RESULTS Evaluation for classical features of PHPT revealed a history of kidney stones in five (14%), fragility fractures in four (11%), and osteoporosis in 57% [spine (34%), hip (38%), and/or distal one third radius (28%)]. BMD did not show preferential bone loss at the distal one third radius (T scores: spine, -2.00 +/- 0.25; hip, -1.84 +/- 0.18; one third radius, -1.74 +/- 0.22). Further signs of PHPT developed in 40% (seven hypercalcemia; one kidney stone; one fracture; two marked hypercalciuria; six had >10% BMD loss at one or more site(s) including four patients developing World Health Organization criteria for osteoporosis). Seven patients (three hypercalcemic, four persistently normocalcemic) underwent successful parathyroidectomy. CONCLUSIONS Patients seen in a referral center with normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism have more substantial skeletal involvement than is typical in PHPT and develop more features and complications over time. These patients may represent the earliest form of symptomatic, rather than asymptomatic, PHPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lowe
- Department of Medicine, PH 8W-864, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA
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Pepper C, Lowe H, Fegan C, Thurieau C, Thurston DE, Hartley JA, Delavault P. Fludarabine-mediated suppression of the excision repair enzyme ERCC1 contributes to the cytotoxic synergy with the DNA minor groove crosslinking agent SJG-136 (NSC 694501) in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells. Br J Cancer 2007; 97:253-9. [PMID: 17579621 PMCID: PMC2360304 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we set out to establish whether fludarabine could enhance the DNA interstrand crosslinking capacity of SJG-136 in primary human chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells and thereby offer a rationale for its clinical use in combination with SJG-136. SJG-136 rapidly induced DNA crosslinking in primary CLL cells which was concentration-dependent. Further, the level of crosslinking correlated with sensitivity to SJG-136-induced apoptosis (P=0.001) and higher levels of crosslinking were induced by the combination of SJG-136 and fludarabine (P=0.002). All of the samples tested (n=40) demonstrated synergy between SJG-136 and fludarabine (mean combination index (CI)=0.54±0.2) and this was even retained in samples derived from patients with fludarabine resistance (mean CI=0.62±0.3). Transcription of the excision repair enzyme, ERCC1, was consistently increased (20/20) in response to SJG-136 (P<0.0001). In contrast, fludarabine suppressed ERCC1 transcription (P=0.04) and inhibited SJG-136-induced ERCC1 transcription when used in combination (P=0.001). Importantly, the ability of fludarabine to suppress ERCC1 transcription correlated with the degree of synergy observed between SJG-136 and fludarabine (r2=0.28; P=0.017) offering a mechanistic rationale for the synergistic interaction. The data presented here provides a clear indication that this combination of drugs may have clinical utility as salvage therapy in drug-resistant CLL.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
- Benzodiazepinones/pharmacology
- Benzodiazepinones/therapeutic use
- Cross-Linking Reagents/pharmacology
- DNA/drug effects
- DNA/genetics
- DNA Repair/drug effects
- DNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Drug Synergism
- Endonucleases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Endonucleases/genetics
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/enzymology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Pyrroles/pharmacology
- Pyrroles/therapeutic use
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vidarabine/analogs & derivatives
- Vidarabine/pharmacology
- Vidarabine/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pepper
- Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
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Tiong A, Lowe H, Freedman B, Brieger D. Lack of Widespread MMP-9 Release and Neutrophil Activation after Contemporary PCI. Heart Lung Circ 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2007.06.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ng A, Yong A, Alcock R, Chow V, Cheruvu C, Kritharides L, Lowe H, Brieger D. Impact of Gender on Elective and Non-Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Heart Lung Circ 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2007.06.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lowe H, St A Morrison EY, Wilkins N. Whither medical Marijuana? W INDIAN MED J 2003; 52:49-51. [PMID: 12806757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Lowe
- Environmental Health Foundation, Kingston, Jamaica.
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Lowe H, Smith R, Campbell N, Morrison EYSA. Lead pollution and amelioration measures in the community of Frazers Content, St Catherine, Jamaica. W INDIAN MED J 2002; 51:160-3. [PMID: 12501542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Lead poisoning, especially in children, is a preventable disease. Many children are exposed to this hazard, especially in poor communities, because of a paucity of information on lead poisoning and increasing economic hardships. In 1994, the case of the poor suburban community of Frazers Content, St Catherine, Jamaica, came to the public attention because of the high frequency of hospital admissions, or outpatient treatment, of children for lead poisoning. This paper reviews a Blue Cross of Jamaica-led-initiative aimed at the clean up and education of the Frazers Content community. The following four-pronged approach was employed: environmental and biological sampling and sample analysis, health education, decontamination and community clean up and entrepreneurial activities. The project outputs included: training of 17 community wardens and 22 schoolteachers; the clean up of 64 residences which had lead levels in excess of 500 ppm; the establishment of an entombment site for the contaminated soil in accordance with the Jamaica Natural Resources Conservation Authority and training of residents in entrepreneurial skills, chicken and rabbit rearing and nursery establishment. The paper includes discussion of the lessons learnt and recommendations for future action.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lowe
- Blue Cross of Jamaica, Environmental Control Division and Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica, West Indies.
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Abstract
The recent improvements in capabilities of desktop computers and communications networks give impetus for the development of clinical image repositories that can be used for patient care and medical education. A challenge in the use of these systems is the accurate indexing of images for retrieval performance acceptable to users. This paper describes a series of experiments aiming to adapt the SAPHIRE system, which matches text to concepts in the UMLS Metathesaurus, for the automated indexing of image reports. A series of enhancements to the baseline system resulted in a recall of 63% but a precision of only 30% in detecting concepts. At this level of performance, such a system might be problematic for users in a purely automated indexing environment. However, if the ability to retrieve images in repositories based on content in their reports is desired by clinical users, and no other current systems offer this functionality, then follow-up research questions include whether these imperfect results would be useful in a completely or partially automated indexing environment and/or whether other approaches can improve upon them.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hersh
- Division of Medical Informatics and Outcomes Research, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA.
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Lowe H. Diabetes mellitus: implications, costs and issues. W INDIAN MED J 2001; 50 Suppl 1:13-4. [PMID: 15973806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
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Lowe H, Roy P, Baron D. Combined ticlopidine and aspirin versus aspirin therapy alone after stent implantation. Circulation 1996; 94:2993-4. [PMID: 8941139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Lowe H, Matthew B. Understanding your client's decision-making process. Can Vet J 1996; 37:119-22. [PMID: 8640651 PMCID: PMC1576609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Lowe
- Veterinary Medical Diets Inc., Guelph, Ontario
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Lowe H. Media watch: out in the cold. Nurs Stand 1995; 9:46. [PMID: 7703135 DOI: 10.7748/ns.9.22.46.s59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Hannigan MC, Kennedy SM, Stevens FM, McCarthy CF, Little MPG, Murphy PD, Gill RC, Bowes KL, Malone DE, McCormick PA, Long A, Jones B, Bresnihan B, Moloney J, O’Donoghue DP, Dinsmore WW, McMaster D, Callerder ME, Love AHG, McGowan PF, O’Mahony C, O’Farrelly C, Mansfield M, Whelan CA, Weir DG, Feighery CF, Spence RAJ, Collins BJ, Parks TG, Crowe J, Minogue S, Lowe H, Jackson PT, Glasgow JFT, Carré IJ, Conway W, Rich AJ, Johnston IDA, Keye GD, Byrne PJ, Sheppard BL, West AB, Hennessy TPJ, Fielding JF, Dolan C, Kelly J, Monagan H, Feighery C, Brennan FN, Majury C, O’Connor FA, Murray F, Lennon JR, Unit GG, Collins JSA, Trouton TG, McFarland RJ, O’Callaghan TW, Morgan MA, Duignan J, Collins P, Johnson A, Dickson B, Ledwith M, Bouchier-Hayes D, Bloomfield FJ, Maxwell WJ, Walsh JP, Hogan FP, Kelleher D, Clayton Love W, Keeling PWN, Attwood SEA, Mealy K, Cafferkey M, Buckley T, Keane FB, Cooper GG, Gordon SA, Murray WR, Quigley EMM, Phillips SF, O’Brien CJ, Vento S, Eddleston ALWF, Williams R, Templeton JL, McKelvey STD, Humphreys WG, Brown JS, Monson JRT, Jones NAG, Vowden P, Brennan TG, Prakash D, Pearson FG, Hegarty J, Lombard M, Fitzgerald R, O’Callagan TW, Kernohan RM, Gilmartin D, McNulty J, Behan J, Osborne DH, Gillan P, Ryan W, Leahy A, Devlin HB, Peel ALG, Buchanan KD, O’Hare MMT, Sloan JM, Kennedy TL, Mahapatra DN, McKenna RM, Kearns M, Morrison P, Kelly KA. Irish Society of Gastroenterology. Ir J Med Sci 1985. [PMID: 4055322 DOI: 10.1007/bf02937184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lowe H. The microcirculation of the heart-disturbances and possibilities of pharmacological influence. Pharmazie 1981; 36:387-8. [PMID: 7267693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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