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Cralley AL, Moore EE, Coleman JR, Vigneshwar N, Bartley M, Kissau D, Eitel A, Hom P, Mitra S, Ghasabyan A, Fragoso M, Guo Z, Deguchi H, Griffin JH, Cohen MJ, Silliman CC, Banerjee A, Hansen K, Sauaia A. Hemorrhagic shock and tissue injury provoke distinct components of trauma-induced coagulopathy in a swine model. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2023; 49:1079-1089. [PMID: 36319860 PMCID: PMC10802987 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-022-02148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue injury (TI) and hemorrhagic shock (HS) are the major contributors to trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC). However, the individual contributions of these insults are difficult to discern clinically because they typically coexist. TI has been reported to release procoagulants, while HS has been associated with bleeding. We developed a large animal model to isolate TI and HS and characterize their individual mechanistic pathways. We hypothesized that while TI and HS are both drivers of TIC, they provoke different pathways; specifically, TI reduces time to clotting, whereas, HS decreases clot strength stimulates hyperfibrinolysis. METHODS After induction of general anesthesia, 50 kg male, Yorkshire swine underwent isolated TI (bilateral muscle cutdown of quadriceps, bilateral femur fractures) or isolated HS (controlled bleeding to a base excess target of - 5 mmol/l) and observed for 240 min. Thrombelastography (TEG), calcium levels, thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), protein C, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1/tissue-type plasminogen activator complex (PAI-1-tPA) were analyzed at pre-selected timepoints. Linear mixed models for repeated measures were used to compare results throughout the model. RESULTS TI resulted in elevated histone release which peaked at 120 min (p = 0.02), and this was associated with reduced time to clot formation (R time) by 240 min (p = 0.006). HS decreased clot strength at time 30 min (p = 0.003), with a significant decline in calcium (p = 0.001). At study completion, HS animals had elevated PAI-1 (p = 0.01) and PAI-1-tPA (p = 0.04), showing a trend toward hyperfibrinolysis, while TI animals had suppressed fibrinolysis. Protein C, TAFI and skeletal myosin were not different among the groups. CONCLUSION Isolated injury in animal models can help elucidate the mechanistic pathways leading to TIC. Our results suggest that isolated TI leads to early histone release and a hypercoagulable state, with suppressed fibrinolysis. In contrast, HS promotes poor clot strength and hyperfibrinolysis resulting in hypocoagulability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernest E Moore
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Surgery, Ernest E. Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Julia R Coleman
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Matt Bartley
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Daniel Kissau
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Eitel
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Patrick Hom
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Arsen Ghasabyan
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Miguel Fragoso
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Zihan Guo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Christopher C Silliman
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Kirk Hansen
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Angela Sauaia
- Department of Health Systems, Management and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
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Coleman JR, Deguchi H, Deguchi TK, Cohen MJ, Moore EE, Griffin JH. Full-length plasma skeletal muscle myosin isoform deficiency is associated with coagulopathy in acutely injured patients. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:1385-1389. [PMID: 35253989 PMCID: PMC9310574 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle myosin (SkM) molecules are procoagulant both in vitro and in vivo. The association of plasma SkM isoforms with blood coagulability and hemostatic capacity has not been defined. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that coagulopathy in acutely injured patients is associated with procoagulant plasma SkM heavy chain levels. METHODS To test this hypothesis, citrated whole blood and plasma from 104 trauma patients were collected and studied to obtain data for rapid thrombelastography, international normalized ratios, and plasma SkM levels. Coagulability parameters were dichotomized by the threshold for the hypercoagulable trauma-induced coagulopathy. RESULTS Lower plasma full-length SkM heavy chain (full-SkM) levels were associated with higher international normalized ratio values (>1.3) (p = .03). The full-SkM levels were also associated with a lower rate of clot propagation (thrombelastography angle <65°) (p = .004), and plasma full-SkM levels were positively correlated with the thrombelastography angle (r2 = .32, p = .0007). The trauma patient group with the lower plasma full-SkM levels showed an association with lower clot strength (maximum amplitude <55 mm) (p = .002), and plasma full-SkM levels positively correlated with maximum amplitude (r2 = .27, p = .005). Hyperfibrinolysis was associated with significantly decreased full-SkM levels (p = .03). Trauma patients who required red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma transfusions had lower plasma full-SkM levels compared with those without transfusions (p = .04 and .02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In acutely injured trauma patients, lower levels of plasma full-SkM levels are linked to hypocoagulability in trauma-induced coagulopathy, implying that SkM plays a role in the hemostatic capacity in trauma patients and may contribute to trauma-induced coagulopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Taichi K. Deguchi
- Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mitchel J. Cohen
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
- Ernest E Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver HealthDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Ernest E. Moore
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
- Ernest E Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver HealthDenverColoradoUSA
| | - John H. Griffin
- Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
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Morla S, Deguchi H, Zilberman-Rudenko J, Gruber A, McCarty OJT, Srivastava P, Gailani D, Griffin JH. Skeletal muscle myosin promotes coagulation by binding factor XI via its A3 domain and enhancing thrombin-induced factor XI activation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101567. [PMID: 35007530 PMCID: PMC8856988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myosin (SkM) has been shown to possess procoagulant activity; however, the mechanisms of this coagulation-enhancing activity involving plasma coagulation pathways and factors are incompletely understood. Here, we discovered direct interactions between immobilized SkM and coagulation factor XI (FXI) using biolayer interferometry (Kd = 0.2 nM). In contrast, we show that prekallikrein, a FXI homolog, did not bind to SkM, reflecting the specificity of SkM for FXI binding. We also found that the anti-FXI monoclonal antibody, mAb 1A6, which recognizes the Apple (A) 3 domain of FXI, potently inhibited binding of FXI to immobilized SkM, implying that SkM binds FXI A3 domain. In addition, we show that SkM enhanced FXI activation by thrombin in a concentration-dependent manner. We further used recombinant FXI chimeric proteins in which each of the four A domains of the heavy chain (designated A1 through A4) was individually replaced with the corresponding A domain from prekallikrein to investigate SkM-mediated enhancement of thrombin-induced FXI activation. These results indicated that activation of two FXI chimeras with substitutions of either the A3 domains or A4 domains was not enhanced by SkM, whereas substitution of the A2 domain did not reduce the thrombin-induced activation compared with wildtype FXI. These data strongly suggest that functional interaction sites on FXI for SkM involve the A3 and A4 domains. Thus, this study is the first to reveal and support the novel intrinsic blood coagulation pathway concept that the procoagulant mechanisms of SkM include FXI binding and enhancement of FXI activation by thrombin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Morla
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jevgenia Zilberman-Rudenko
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA; Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - András Gruber
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Priyanka Srivastava
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - David Gailani
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
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Morla S, Deguchi H, Fernández JA, Ruf W, Brekken RA, Griffin JH. Procoagulant activities of skeletal muscle and cardiac myosins require both myosin protein and myosin-associated anionic phospholipids. Blood 2021; 137:1839-1842. [PMID: 33232975 PMCID: PMC8020266 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wolfram Ruf
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rolf A Brekken
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; and
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA
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Morla S, Deguchi H, Griffin JH. Skeletal muscle myosin and cardiac myosin attenuate heparin's antithrombin-dependent anticoagulant activity. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:470-477. [PMID: 33176060 PMCID: PMC7902397 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heparin enhances the ability of the plasma protease inhibitor, antithrombin, to neutralize coagulation factor Xa and thrombin. Skeletal muscle myosin binds unfractionated heparin. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of myosin binding to heparin on antithrombin's anticoagulant activity. METHODS Inhibition of factor Xa and thrombin by antithrombin in the presence of different heparins and skeletal muscle myosin or cardiac myosin was studied by measuring inhibition of each enzyme's chromogenic substrate hydrolysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Skeletal muscle myosin and cardiac myosin neutralized unfractionated heparin's enhancement of antithrombin's inhibition of purified factor Xa and thrombin. Skeletal muscle myosin also reduced the inhibition of factor Xa and thrombin by antithrombin in the presence of heparan sulfate. These two myosins did not protect factor Xa from antithrombin inhibition when tested in the presence of smaller heparins (eg, low molecular weight heparin, heparin pentasaccharide). This chain length dependence for skeletal muscle myosin's ability to reduce heparin's anticoagulant activity might have potential implications for therapy for patients who experience increases in plasma myosin levels (eg, acute trauma patients). In addition to the chain length, the type and extent of sulfation of glycosaminoglycans influenced the ability of skeletal muscle myosin to neutralize the polysaccharide's ability to enhance antithrombin's activity. In summary, these studies show that skeletal muscle myosin and cardiac myosin can influence antithrombin's anticoagulant activity against factor Xa and thrombin, implying that they may significantly influence the hemostatic balance involving bleeding vs clotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Morla
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - John H. Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego CA 92094
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Deguchi H, Morla S, Griffin JH. Novel blood coagulation molecules: Skeletal muscle myosin and cardiac myosin. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:7-19. [PMID: 32920971 PMCID: PMC7819347 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Essentials Striated muscle myosins can promote prothrombin activation by FXa or FVa inactivation by APC. Cardiac myosin and skeletal muscle myosin are pro-hemostatic in murine tail cut bleeding models. Infused cardiac myosin exacerbates myocardial injury caused by myocardial ischemia reperfusion. Skeletal muscle myosin isoforms that circulate in human plasma can be grouped into 3 phenotypes. ABSTRACT: Two striated muscle myosins, namely skeletal muscle myosin (SkM) and cardiac myosin (CM), may potentially contribute to physiologic mechanisms for regulation of thrombosis and hemostasis. Thrombin is generated from activation of prothrombin by the prothrombinase (IIase) complex comprising factor Xa, factor Va, and Ca++ ions located on surfaces where these factors are assembled. We discovered that SkM and CM, which are abundant motor proteins in skeletal and cardiac muscles, can provide a surface for thrombin generation by the prothrombinase complex without any apparent requirement for phosphatidylserine or lipids. These myosins can also provide a surface that supports the inactivation of factor Va by activated protein C/protein S, resulting in negative feedback downregulation of thrombin generation. Although the physiologic significance of these reactions remains to be established for humans, substantive insights may be gleaned from murine studies. In mice, exogenously infused SkM and CM can promote hemostasis as they are capable of reducing tail cut bleeding. In a murine myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury model, exogenously infused CM exacerbates myocardial infarction damage. Studies of human plasmas show that SkM antigen isoforms of different MWs circulate in human plasma, and they can be used to identify three plasma SkM phenotypes. A pilot clinical study showed that one SkM isoform pattern appeared to be linked to isolated pulmonary embolism. These discoveries enable multiple preclinical and clinical studies of SkM and CM, which should provide novel mechanistic insights with potential translational relevance for the roles of CM and SkM in the pathobiology of hemostasis and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shravan Morla
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Heeb MJ, Fernández JA, Yamashita A, McDowell OR, Guo Z, Mosnier LO, Deguchi H, Griffin JH. Activated protein C anticoagulant activity is enhanced by skeletal muscle myosin. Haematologica 2020; 105:e424-e427. [PMID: 31857364 PMCID: PMC7395292 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.242982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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8
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Deguchi H, Shukla M, Hayat M, Torkamani A, Elias DJ, Griffin JH. Novel exomic rare variants associated with venous thrombosis. Br J Haematol 2020; 190:783-786. [PMID: 32232851 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exomic rare variant polymorphisms (c. 300 000) were analysed in the Scripps Venous Thrombosis (VTE) registry (subjects aged <55 years). Besides coagulation factor V (F5) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), family with sequence similarity 134, member B (FAM134B; rs78314670, Arg127Cys) and myosin heavy chain 8 (MYH8; rs111567318, Glu1838Ala) SNPs were associated with recurrent VTE (n = 34 cases) (false discovery rate-adjusted P < 0·05). FAM134B (rs78314670) was associated with low plasma levels of anticoagulant glucosylceramide. Analysis of 50 chr17p13.1 MYH rare SNPs (clustered skeletal myosin heavy chain genes) using collapsing methods was associated with recurrent VTE (P = 2·70 ×10-16 ). When intravenously injected, skeletal muscle myosin was pro-coagulant in a haemophilia mouse tail bleeding model. Thus, FAM134B and MYH genetic variants are plausibly linked to VTE risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Meenal Shukla
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mohammed Hayat
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ali Torkamani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Scripps Research Translational Institute and Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Darlene J Elias
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Deguchi TK, Deguchi H, Guo Z, Elias DJ, Griffin JH. Plasma skeletal muscle myosin phenotypes identified by immunoblotting are associated with pulmonary embolism occurrence in young adults. Thromb Res 2020; 189:88-92. [PMID: 32192996 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Purified skeletal muscle myosin (SkM) binds factor Xa and is procoagulant. The molecular forms of SkM in human plasma have not been characterized. METHOD Human plasma SkM heavy chain (HC) isoforms of different molecular weights were detected by a newly developed immunoblotting protocol. In this pilot study, the distribution of SkM HC antigen isoforms in plasmas of healthy subjects and young adult patients with venous thrombosis was analyzed. RESULTS Multiple SkM HC antigen bands were detected in human plasmas, corresponding to full-length SkM HC, heavy meromyosin, or the S1 fragment. Plasma immunoblots of healthy subjects displayed three major phenotypes: Type I with two primary bands for full-length SkM and heavy meromyosin, and two lesser bands including S1 fragment (54%); Type II with bands primarily for full-length SkM HC (34%); and Type III with only a band for the S1 fragment (12%). Plasma SkM HC antigen Type II phenotype was associated with an increased occurrence of isolated pulmonary embolism in younger patients, respectively (≤50 years old). CONCLUSIONS Three SkM HC antigen phenotypes were identified in human plasma by immunoblotting, and Type II phenotype was correlated with the occurrence of isolated pulmonary embolisms in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi K Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Zihan Guo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Darlene J Elias
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, USA; Scripps Clinic and Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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10
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Zilberman-Rudenko J, Deguchi H, Shukla M, Oyama Y, Orje JN, Guo Z, Wyseure T, Mosnier LO, McCarty OJT, Ruggeri ZM, Eckle T, Griffin JH. Cardiac Myosin Promotes Thrombin Generation and Coagulation In Vitro and In Vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:901-913. [PMID: 32102568 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.313990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiac myosin (CM) is structurally similar to skeletal muscle myosin, which has procoagulant activity. Here, we evaluated CM's ex vivo, in vivo, and in vitro activities related to hemostasis and thrombosis. Approach and Results: Perfusion of fresh human blood over CM-coated surfaces caused thrombus formation and fibrin deposition. Addition of CM to blood passing over collagen-coated surfaces enhanced fibrin formation. In a murine ischemia/reperfusion injury model, exogenous CM, when administered intravenously, augmented myocardial infarction and troponin I release. In hemophilia A mice, intravenously administered CM reduced tail-cut-initiated bleeding. These data provide proof of concept for CM's in vivo procoagulant properties. In vitro studies clarified some mechanisms for CM's procoagulant properties. Thrombin generation assays showed that CM, like skeletal muscle myosin, enhanced thrombin generation in human platelet-rich and platelet-poor plasmas and also in mixtures of purified factors Xa, Va, and prothrombin. Binding studies showed that CM, like skeletal muscle myosin, directly binds factor Xa, supporting the concept that the CM surface is a site for prothrombinase assembly. In tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator)-induced plasma clot lysis assays, CM was antifibrinolytic due to robust CM-dependent thrombin generation that enhanced activation of TAFI (thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor). CONCLUSIONS CM in vitro is procoagulant and prothrombotic. CM in vivo can augment myocardial damage and can be prohemostatic in the presence of bleeding. CM's procoagulant and antifibrinolytic activities likely involve, at least in part, its ability to bind factor Xa and enhance thrombin generation. Future work is needed to clarify CM's pathophysiology and its mechanistic influences on hemostasis or thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jevgenia Zilberman-Rudenko
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.).,Department of Biomedical Engineering (J.Z.-R., O.J.T.M.), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Meenal Shukla
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Yoshimasa Oyama
- Department of Hematology-Oncology (O.J.T.M.), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Jennifer N Orje
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Zihan Guo
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Tine Wyseure
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Laurent O Mosnier
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (J.Z.-R., O.J.T.M.), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Zaverio M Ruggeri
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of Hematology-Oncology (O.J.T.M.), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - John H Griffin
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.).,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (Y.O., T.E.)
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11
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Fernández JA, Deguchi H, Elias DJ, Griffin JH. Serum amyloid A4 is a procoagulant apolipoprotein that it is elevated in venous thrombosis patients. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2020; 4:217-223. [PMID: 32110751 PMCID: PMC7040552 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum amyloid A4 (SAA4) is an apolipoprotein that is in the SAA family and it is constitutively translated. Previously, acute-phase SAA1 and SAA2 levels were associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of plasma SAA4 with VTE and the role of SAA4 in coagulation. PATIENTS AND METHODS The association of SAA4 with VTE in a case-control study of adult VTE subjects (N = 113 each group) and the effects of recombinant SAA4 on plasma blood coagulation assays and prothrombin activation initiated by factor Xa were evaluated. RESULTS Plasma SAA4 levels in VTE subjects were higher vs. controls (48.1 vs. 38.4 µg/mL; P < .001). Elevated plasma SAA4 level (above the 90th percentile of controls) was associated with increased VTE occurrence (odds ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.8-8.0). This association remained significant after the adjustment for acute-phase SAA level, suggesting that SAA4 associated with VTE is independent of acute-phase SAA. Two isoforms of SAA4, that is, glycosylated and nonglycosylated SAA4 isoforms, were each higher in VTE patients. When recombinant SAA4 was added to plasma, it shortened factor Xa-1-stage clotting times, showing that it enhances clotting in plasma. In reaction mixtures containing purified factors Xa and Va and prothrombin, recombinant SAA4 increased prothrombin activation, showing that it enhances prothrombinase activity. CONCLUSION Elevated plasma constitutive SAA4 levels were linked to VTE in adults, and SAA4 can enhance thrombin generation in plasma. Our data highlight a previously unknown procoagulant activity of SAA4 that appears to be related to risk of venous thrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Fernández
- Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Darlene J. Elias
- Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
| | - John H. Griffin
- Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
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Chang S, Yang W, Deguchi H. Care providers, access to care, and the Long-term Care Nursing Insurance in China: An agent-based simulation. Soc Sci Med 2020; 244:112667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Coleman JR, Moore EE, Zilberman-Rudenko J, Samuels JM, Cohen MJ, Silliman CC, Banerjee A, Sauaia A, Griffin JH, Deguchi H. Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Myosin Exert Procoagulant Effects. Shock 2019; 52:554-555. [PMID: 31613865 PMCID: PMC6989346 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) and the tissue injury-provoked procoagulant profile are prevalent in severely injured patients, but their mechanisms remain unclear. Myosin, exposed by or released from tissue injury, may play a role in promoting thrombin generation and attenuating fibrinolysis. The objective of the study is to examine the effects of cardiac and skeletal muscle myosins on coagulation in whole blood using thrombelastography (TEG). MATERIALS AND METHODS Whole blood was collected from healthy adult volunteers (n=8) and native TEGs were performed to evaluate the global coagulation response in the presence of cardiac or skeletal muscle myosin by measuring reaction (R) time (minutes), clot angle (), and maximum amplitude (MA, mm). TEG measurements were compared using paired t tests. RESULTS Cardiac and skeletal muscle myosins decreased R, from 10.8 min to 8.0 min (P<0.0001) and 6.9 min (P =0.0007), respectively. There were no effects observed on clot propagation (angle) or clot strength (MA) with myosin addition. In the presence of tPA, both cardiac and skeletal muscle myosins shortened R from 11.1 min to 8.62 min (P=0.0245) and 7.75 min (P =0.0027), respectively), with no changes on angle or MA. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac and skeletal muscle myosins exhibit procoagulant effects in TEG assays. These whole blood TEG results support the hypothesis that cardiac and skeletal muscle myosins may be either pro-hemostatic or prothrombotic depending on context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernest E Moore
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- Ernest E Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver Health, Denver, CO 80204
| | - Jevgenia Zilberman-Rudenko
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and Division of Hematology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | - Mitchell J Cohen
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- Ernest E Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver Health, Denver, CO 80204
| | - Christopher C Silliman
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
- Vitalant Blood Center, Denver, CO
| | | | - Angela Sauaia
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
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Ikeda S, Matsushima S, Okabe K, Ishikita A, Tadokoro T, Enzan N, Yamamoto T, Sada M, Deguchi H, Ikeda M, Ide T, Tsutsui H. P6283Downregulation of Tim44 exacerbates oxidative stress-induced ROS production and cardiomyocytes death by reducing mitochondrial SOD2. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been highlighted as a critical driver of cardiac remodeling and failure. Mitochondria contains about 1500 proteins, 99% of which are encoded in the nuclear genome. Therefore, protein import into mitochondria is essential to maintain mitochondrial function. Previous reports suggest that nuclear-encoded mitochondrial precursor proteins import into mitochondria by multiple complex; translocase of outer membrane (TOM), translocase of inner membrane (TIM), and protein associated motor (PAM). However, the role of these protein import machineries of mitochondria in cardiac remodeling remains to be elucidated.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of TOM, TIM, and PAM complex in cardiac remodeling and cardiomyocyte death.
Methods and results
C57BL/6J mice were subjected to myocardial infarction (MI) by permanent ligation of left anterior descending artery. Four weeks after operation, MI-mice demonstrated left ventricular (LV) dilation (LV end-diastolic dimension: 3.91 vs. 5.54 mm, n=8–11, p<0.05) and dysfunction (LV fractional shortening: 33.3 vs. 7.7%, n=8–11, p<0.05). Tim44 protein levels, a component of PAM complex, in mitochondrial fraction from non-infarcted left ventricle were significantly decreased compared with those in the heart from sham-operated mice by 39% (p<0.05), whereas other proteins related to TOM, TIM and PAM complex such as Tom20, Tom22, Tom40, Tom70, Tim22, Tim23 and mtHSP70 were not altered between MI-mice and sham-mice. In addition, blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that a protein complex associated to Tim44 was significantly decreased in non-infarcted LV by 40% (p<0.05). Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), a mitochondrial matrix protein, was decreased in mitochondrial fraction from non-infarcted LV by 20% (p<0.05), accompanied by enhancing protein carbonylation, a marker of oxidative stress, by 40% (p<0.05). To assess the role of Tim44, it was downregulated by small interfering RNA in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs). Knockdown of Tim44 significantly decreased SOD2 protein levels in mitochondrial fractionation (22%, p<0.05), with no significant changes in its mRNA levels. Furthermore, knockdown of Tim44 significantly increased protein carbonylation (20%, p<0.05) and cleaved caspase 3 (47%, p<0.05) and decreased cell viability (69%, p<0.05), assessed by cell titer assay, in H2O2-treatred NRVMs.
Conclusions
Downregulation of Tim44 exacerbates oxidative stress-induced ROS production and cardiomyocytes death, which is associated with a decrease in mitochondrial SOD2. Endogenous Tim44 might play a protective role in cardiac remodeling by attenuating oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte death via SOD2 import into mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ikeda
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Matsushima
- Kyushu University Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Okabe
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Ishikita
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Tadokoro
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Enzan
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Sada
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Deguchi
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Ide
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Experimental and Clinical Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Tsutsui
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ishikita A, Matsushima S, Ikeda S, Okabe K, Tadokoro T, Enzan N, Yamamoto T, Sada M, Deguchi H, Ikeda M, Ide T, Tsutsui H. P1606Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 2 mediates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by increasing Akt O-GlcNAcylation through hexosamine biosynthesis pathway. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cardiac hypertrophy is an independent risk factor for heart failure and cardiac death. Hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), an accessory pathways of glycolysis, is known to be involved in the attachment of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine motif (O-GlcNAcylation) to proteins, a post-translational modification. However, the role of HBP has not been determined in pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
Purpose
The purpose of this study to examine whether glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 2 (GFAT2), a critical enzyme of HBP, mediates cardiac hypertrophy by protein O-GlcNAcylation and activating hypertrophic signaling in cardiomyocytes.
Methods and results
C57BL/6J mice were treated with isoproterenol (ISO: 15 mg/kg/day, 1 week) with or without 6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON, an inhibitor of GFAT: 500 μg/kg/day, 1week). ISO-treated mice (ISO+vehicle) showed cardiac hypertrophy, which were attenuated in ISO and DON-treated mice (ISO+DON) (heart weight to tibial length ratio: 7.70±0.09 vs. 7.11±0.15 mg/mm, n=12, p<0.05, left ventricular wall thickness: 1.05±0.02 vs. 0.86±0.03 mm, n=6, p<0.05). Cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area was also decreased in ISO+DON compared with ISO+vehicle (309±25 vs. 252±13 mm2, n=,3 p<0.05). Whereas expression levels of GFAT2 and protein O-GlcNAcylation in the heart were increased in ISO+vehicle compared with control+vehicle by 3.3 and 1.5 folds, respectively (n=9 and n=9, p<0.05), expression levels of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and the β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (OGA), other enzymes regulating O-GlcNAcylation, were not altered in both groups, indicating that ISO activated HBP by GFAT2. Protein O-GlcNAcylation in ISO+DON was lower than that in ISO+vehicle by 83% (n=9, p<0.05). In addition, phosphorylation of Akt, a critical mediator of cardiac hypertrophy, but not other mediators of cardiac hypertrophy such as ERK, JNK, or p38MAPK, was significantly decreased in ISO+DON by 76% (n=9, p<0.05). In cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes, treatment with ISO (1μM, 12h) increased the expression levels of GFAT2 and protein O-GlcNAcylation by 1.3 and 1.5 folds, respectively (n=6 and n=6, p<0.05), but not GFAT1. Furthermore, ISO stimulation increased a direct O-GlcNAcylation of Akt by 1.4 folds (n=3, p<0.05). Downregulation of GFAT2 by RNA silencing decreased cell size by 82% (n=6, p<0.05) and protein O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation of Akt by 76% and 54%, respectively (n=9 and n=9, p<0.05) in cardiomyocyte treated with ISO. Conversely, administration of glucosamine, a substrate of HBP, increased protein of O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation of Akt by 1.3 and 1.8 folds, respectively (n=6 and n=6, p<0.05).
Conclusions
GFAT2, a limiting enzyme of HBP, mediates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by Akt activation probably due to its O-GlcNAcylation. GFAT2-O-GlcNAcylation-Akt pathway might be a potential novel therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ishikita
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Matsushima
- Kyushu University Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Ikeda
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Okabe
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Tadokoro
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Enzan
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Sada
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Deguchi
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Ide
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Experimental and Clinical Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Tsutsui
- Kyushu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Deguchi H, Guo Z, Hayat M, Pflimlin E, Lear S, Shen W, Griffin JH. Molecular interaction site on procoagulant myosin for factor Xa-dependent prothrombin activation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15176-15181. [PMID: 31481465 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ac119.010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myosin has potent procoagulant activity that is based on its ability to enhance thrombin generation due to binding coagulation factors Xa and Va and accelerating prothrombin activation. A well-studied myosin inhibitor that binds to myosin's neck region inhibits myosin-dependent prothrombin activation. Hence, to identify a potential binding site(s) on skeletal muscle myosin for factor Xa, 19 peptides (25-40 residues) representing the neck region, which consists of a regulatory light chain, an essential light chain, and a heavy chain (HC), were screened for inhibition of myosin-supported prothrombin activation. Peptide HC796-835 comprising residues 796-835 of the heavy chain strongly inhibited myosin-enhanced prothrombin activation by factors Xa and Va (50% inhibition at 1.2 μm), but it did not inhibit phospholipid vesicle-enhanced prothrombin activation. Peptide inhibition studies also implicated several myosin light chain sequences located near HC796-835 as potential procoagulant sites. A peptide comprising HC796-835's C-terminal half, but not a peptide comprising its N-terminal half, inhibited myosin-enhanced prothrombin activation (50% inhibition at 1.2 μm). This inhibitory peptide (HC816-837) did not inhibit phospholipid-enhanced prothrombin activation, indicating its specificity for inhibition of myosin-dependent procoagulant mechanisms. Binding studies showed that purified factor Xa was bound to immobilized peptides HC796-835 and HC816-837 with apparent Kd values of 0.78 and 1.3 μm, respectively. In summary, these studies imply that HC residues 816-835 in the neck region of the skeletal muscle myosin directly bind factor Xa and, with contributions from light chain residues in this neck region, contribute to provision of myosin's procoagulant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Zihan Guo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Mohammed Hayat
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Elsa Pflimlin
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Sam Lear
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Weijun Shen
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
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Heeb MJ, McDowell O, Yamashita A, Fernandez JA, Mosnier LO, Deguchi H, Griffin JH. Abstract 520: Skeletal Muscle Myosin Supports the Anticoagulant Functions of Activated Protein C and Protein S but not Protein C Activation by Thrombin:Thrombomodulin. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.38.suppl_1.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myosin was reported by Deguchi et al to promote thrombus formation ex vivo for flowing human whole blood, to support prothrombinase activity in plasma and to promote prothrombin activation by factors (F) Xa and Va in purified systems. Skeletal muscle myosin binds FXa and FVa and effectively replaces the procoagulant activity of phospholipid vesicles. We therefore assessed whether myosin might replace phospholipids in support of the anticoagulant function of activated protein C (APC) and its cofactor protein S (ProS) for inactivation of purified FVa. When purified component prothrombinase assays were used to monitor FVa inactivation by APC, FVa activity was significantly reduced by APC in the presence of myosin compared to controls, and FVa inactivation in the presence of 40 nM myosin over 25 min was much greater than that in the presence of 40 nM phospholipids and similar to the rate of FVa inactivation in the presence of 25 μM phospholipids (see Figure). Inhibition of the APC-enhancing effects of myosin were confirmed to be specific for myosin because the anti-myosin inhibitor, myoVin-1, inhibited myosin’s effects. ProS at ≥ 25 nM enhanced the myosin-stimulated inactivation of FVa by APC. The ProS anticoagulant enhancement effect was most obvious at lower APC concentrations, as expected. Immunoblots showed that myosin enhanced Arg506 cleavage in FVa by APC alone; but notably in the presence of ProS, myosin enhanced both Arg506 and Arg306 cleavages in FVa. Myosin did not enhance activation of protein C by thrombin in the presence or absence of thrombomodulin. Thus, in purified reaction mixtures, skeletal muscle myosin remarkably can support both procoagulant thrombin generation, as previously reported, and compensatory anticoagulant mechanisms in the presence of APC and ProS, as shown here. Further studies are needed to determine the molecular basis for these reactions and to assess the physiologic and pathologic relevance of these reaction mechanisms.
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Zilberman-Rudenko J, Deguchi H, Orje J, Wyseure T, Mosnier LO, McCarty OJ, Ruggeri ZM, Griffin JH. Abstract 148: Cardiac Myosin Promotes Thrombin Generation and Attenuates Tissue Plasminogen Activator-induced Plasma Clot Lysis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.38.suppl_1.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently we discovered that skeletal muscle myosin, which is in the same family as cardiac myosin, exerts prothrombotic effects by binding factor Xa and enhancing prothrombin activation in the presence of factor Va. Thus, we tested the influence of cardiac myosin on thrombus formation and fibrinolysis. Studies of the effects of cardiac myosin on thrombogenesis
ex vivo
using fresh human flowing blood showed that perfusion of blood over cardiac myosin-coated surfaces at 300 s
-1
shear rate caused extensive fibrin deposition. Addition of cardiac myosin to blood also promoted the thrombotic responses of human blood flowing over collagen-coated surfaces, evidence of myosin’s thrombogenicity. Further studies showed that cardiac myosin enhanced thrombin generation in whole blood, platelet rich plasma and platelet poor plasma, indicating that myosin promotes thrombin generation in plasma primarily independently of platelets or other blood cell components. In a purified system composed of factor Xa, factor Va, prothrombin and calcium ions, cardiac myosin greatly enhanced prothrombinase activity. Experiments using Gla-domainless factor Xa showed that the Gla domain of factor Xa was not required for cardiac myosin’s prothrombinase enhancement in contrast to phospholipid-enhanced prothrombinase activity which requires that Gla domain. In studies of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-induced plasma clot lysis, increasing concentrations of cardiac myosin attenuated tPA-mediated clot lysis. The ability of cardiac myosin to inhibit tPA-induced plasma clot lysis was ablated in the presence of the carboxypeptidase inhibitor from potatoes, an inhibitor of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). Clot lysis assays using TAFI-deficient plasma confirmed the requirement for TAFI for the antifibrinolytic action of cardiac myosin. We hypothesize that cardiac myosin-dependent thrombin generation increases TAFI activation and subsequent inhibition of clot lysis. In summary, here we show that cardiac myosin is both procoagulant and anti-fibrinolytic due to its ability to bind factor Xa and strongly promote thrombin generation. This raises new questions about potential procoagulant functions for cardiac myosin in coronary health and disease.
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Abstract
SummaryRegulation of hemostasis and thrombosis involves numerous plasma factors that contribute to procoagulant and anticoagulant pathways. Lipid-containing surfaces provide sites where both procoagulant and anticoagulant enzymes, cofactors and substrates are assembled to express their activities. Plasma and lipoproteins can contribute to either procoagulant or anticoagulant reactions. Procoagulant lipids/lipoproteins include triglyceride-rich particles in plasma and oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) which can accelerate activation of prothrombin, factor X and factor VII. Potentially anticoagulant lipids and lipoproteins, each of which enhances inactivation of factor Va by activated protein C, include phosphatidylethanolamine, cardiolipin, the neutral glycosphingolipids glucosylceramide and Gb3 ceramide (CD77), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). Remarkably, treatment of hyperlipidemia with statins not only lowers lipids but also provides antithrombotic effects whose mechanisms remain to be clarified. We hypothesize that procoagulant and anticoagulant lipids and lipoproteins in plasma may contribute to a Yin-Yang balance that helps influence the up-regulation and down-regulation of thrombin generation.
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Zhou H, Gabazza E, Takeya H, Deguchi H, Urano H, Adachi Y, Suzuki K. Prothrombin and Its Derivatives Stimulate Motility of Melanoma Cells. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1615221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SummarySeveral studies indicated that activation of the clotting system may promote the growth and the invasive behavior of tumor cells. In the present study, we evaluated the migratory response of various melanoma cell lines to several clotting factors and prothrombin derivatives (thrombin, fragment 1, fragment 2 and kringle 1 fragment). Prothrombin, thrombin and fragment 1 stimulated chemotaxis of the murine (K-1735 M2, X21) and human A375 (SM) melanoma cell lines. Prothrombin and prothrombin fragment 1 showed their maximal chemo-tactic activity at 0.5~1 μM. Chemotaxis induced by thrombin was inhibited by hirudin, but not that induced by prothrombin or fragment 1. Other clotting proteins and the fragment 2 and kringle 1 fragment of prothrombin did not elicit chemotactic activity. Checkerboard analysis indicated that motility was directional with a significant chemokinetic component. The K-1735 M2 cells also migrated in a concentration-dependent manner to substratum-bound insoluble prothrombin, thrombin or fragment 1. Ligand binding assays showed that both prothrombin and fragment 1 bound to K-1735 M2 cells with apparent Kds of 0.5 μM. This binding was inhibited by an excess concentration of unlabeled prothrombin and fragment 1 but not by similar concentrations of other prothrombin fragments. These findings suggest that prothrombin and its fragment 1 exert chemotactic activity on melanoma cells by different mechanisms and different binding sites from that induced by thrombin.
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Abstract
SummaryDyslipoproteinemia involving low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) is linked to venous thrombosis in young male adults and to recurrence of venous thrombosis in patients who have experienced a previous unprovoked venous thrombosis episode. Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) modulates HDL metabolism and some lipoproteins can affect blood coagulation reactions with either procoagulant or anticoagulant effects. Hence, we evaluated relationships between the mass of CETP and blood coagulability in plasma samples from 39 normal healthy adults. For clotting initiated by dilute tissue factor or factor XIa,clotting times significantly correlated with CETP antigen levels. Thus,coagulation initiated by either the extrinsic or intrinsic coagulation pathway is positively correlated with CETP plasma levels. When added to plasma, a recombinant CETP preparation dose-dependently shortened factor Xa-1-stage clotting times, showing that it augmented procoagulant activity in plasma. In reaction mixtures containing purified factors Xa and Va and prothrombin, the recombinant CETP preparation dose-dependently increased prothrombin activation, suggesting it specifically enhances prothrombinase activity. Thus, our data highlight a previously unknown positive relationship between CETP plasma levels and blood coagulability that might relate to risks for thrombotic events.
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Pecheniuk NM, Elias DJ, Deguchi H, Averell PM, Griffin JH. Elevated plasma fibronectin levels associated with venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1160/th08-02-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryElevated plasma fibronectin levels occur in various clinical states including arterial disease. Increasing evidence suggests that atherothrombosis and venous thromboembolism (VTE) share common risk factors. To assess the hypothesis that high plasma fibronectin levels are associated with VTE, we compared plasma fibronectin levels in the Scripps Venous Thrombosis Registry for 113VTE cases vs. age and sex matched controls. VTE cases had significantly higher mean fibronectin concentration compared to controls (127% vs. 103%, p<0.0001); the difference was greater for idiopathic VTE cases compared to secondary VTE cases (133% vs. 120%, respectively). Using a cut-off of >90% of the control values, the odds ratio (OR) for association of VTE for fibronectin plasma levels above the 90th percentile were 9.37 (95% CI 2.73–32.2; p<0.001) and this OR remained significant after adjustment for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), factor V Leiden and prothrombin nt20210A (OR 7.60,95% CI 2.14–27.0; p=0.002). In particular, the OR was statistically significant for idiopathic VTE before and after these statistical adjustments. For the total male cohort, the OR was significant before and after statistical adjustments and was not significant for the total female cohort. In summary, our results suggest that elevated plasma fibronectin levels are associated with VTE especially in males, and extend the potential association between biomarkers and risk factors for arterial atherothrombosis and VTE.
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Chang S, Ichikawa M, Deguchi H, Kanatani Y. Optimizing the Arrangement of Post-Disaster Rescue Activities: An Agent-Based Simulation Approach. JACIII 2017. [DOI: 10.20965/jaciii.2017.p1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to tackle the following two research questions regarding post-disaster rescues: how to optimize the rescue team dispatch based on the specialties of the team and the type of damage incurred, and how to optimize the allocation of injured patients to hospitals based on their symptoms, the rescue teams allocated, and the abilities of the hospitals to minimize fatalities. Rather than handling these two problems separately, we formulate them into an integrated system. A real-coded genetic algorithm is applied to minimize the estimated transport time in terms of distance, and the disparity between resource supply and demand. A set of scenarios is simulated and analyzed to provide insight for policy makers. Further, the simulated results can be used for future post-disaster medical assistance training.
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Chiba R, Morikawa N, Sera K, Moriguchi S, Saito H, Shigeeda W, Deguchi H, Tomoyasu M, Tanita T, Ishida K, Sugai T, Yamauchi K, Maemondo M. P2.06-009 Trace Elements Affect Lung Cancer Subtypes. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kato H, Oizumi H, Sagawa M, Suzuki H, Sakurada A, Chida M, Uramoto H, Shiono S, Abe J, Hasumi T, Nakamura Y, Sato N, Shibuya J, Deguchi H, Oura H, Matsumura Y, Minowa M, Ota S, Okada Y. P-144LIMITED RESECTION FOR SMALL-SIZED NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER WITH GROUND-GLASS OPACITIES: A JAPAN NORTH-EAST THORACIC SURGICAL STUDY GROUP (JNETS) PHASE II STUDY. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx280.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Deguchi H, Navarro S, Payne AB, Elias DJ, Dowling NF, Austin HD, España F, Medina P, Hooper WC, Griffin JH. Low level of the plasma sphingolipid, glucosylceramide, is associated with thrombotic diseases. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2017; 1:33-40. [PMID: 29202121 PMCID: PMC5703432 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Essentials Minor abundance plasma lipids, eg, glucosylceramide, can modulate blood coagulation reactions This lipid was measured in plasmas of 1 myocardial infarction and 2 venous thrombosis populations Low plasma glucosylceramide levels were found in each population compared to matched controls Low plasma glucosylceramide levels are associated with venous and arterial thrombosis
Background One previous pilot study suggested the association of low plasma glucosylceramide (GlcCer) levels with venous thrombosis (VTE) risk. Objective We aimed to confirm and evaluate the association of low plasma GlcCer levels with VTE and myocardial infarction (MI) occurrence, respectively. Patients and Methods We evaluated the association of GlcCer in two independent case‐control studies of Caucasian VTE populations (N=210 and 636) and one case‐control study of Caucasian MI patients (N=345). Result Plasma GlcCer levels in VTE patients were lower compared to controls in two independent VTE populations (5.0 vs 5.8 μg/mL, P=.003 for the Scripps registry, and 5.6 vs 6.0 μg/mL, P=.001 for the Valencia registry, respectively). A low plasma GlcCer level (below tenth percentile of controls) was associated with increased VTE occurrence (odds ratio [OR]=3.7 [95% CI, 1.8‐7.9] for Scripps registry and OR=2.1 [95% CI, 1.3‐3.3] for Valencia registry, respectively). For the MI study, the median GlcCer plasma level was lower in MI patients than in controls (4.3 vs 5.6 μg/mL, P<.001), and a low level of GlcCer (below tenth percentile of control) was associated with higher MI occurrence (OR=7.7, [95% CI, 4.3‐13.8]). Conclusion Lower concentration of GlcCer was associated with VTE occurrence in 2 independent studies and also with MI occurrence in 1 study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Silvia Navarro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Research Group, La Fe Medical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amanda B Payne
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Division of Blood Disorders, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Darlene J Elias
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Scripps Clinic and Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicole F Dowling
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Division of Blood Disorders, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Harland D Austin
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Francisco España
- Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Research Group, La Fe Medical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Medina
- Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Research Group, La Fe Medical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - W Craig Hooper
- Division of Blood Disorders, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Abstract
Essentials Circulating blood contains hundreds of lipids, many of which might influence blood coagulation. Recent discoveries about circulating lipids that can affect blood coagulation are reviewed. Minor abundance plasma lipids can modulate thrombin generation via direct effects on factor Xa. Variations in minor abundance plasma lipids can influence thrombin generation and thrombosis risk.
Abstract Different minor abundance plasma lipids significantly influence thrombin generation in vitro and significant differences in such lipids are linked to risk for venous thrombosis. Some plasma sphingolipids including glucosylceramide, lyso‐sulfatide and sphingosine have anticoagulant properties whereas, conversely, some plasma phospholipid derivatives, including certain lyso‐phospholipids and ethanolamides, have procoagulant properties. Plasma metabolite profiling of venous thrombosis patients showed association of venous thrombosis with decreased plasma long‐chain acylcarntines, leading to discovery of their anticoagulant activity as inhibitors of factor Xa. Inhibition of factor Xa by acylcarnitines does not require the protein's Gla‐domain, emphasizing an expanded framework for the paradigm for lipid‐clotting factor interactions. Overall, whether by genetics or environment, alterations in the dynamics of lipid metabolism linked to an altered lipidome may contribute to regulation of blood coagulation because imbalances between physiologic procoagulant and anticoagulant lipids may contribute to excessive thrombin generation that augments risk for thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Darlene J Elias
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Scripps Clinic and Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Deguchi H, Banerjee Y, Elias DJ, Griffin JH. Elevated CETP Lipid Transfer Activity is Associated with the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism. J Atheroscler Thromb 2016; 23:1159-1167. [PMID: 27169917 PMCID: PMC5064881 DOI: 10.5551/jat.32201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is an important lipid transfer factor in plasma that enhances prothrombinase activity in purified systems. This study was conducted to test the association of plasma CETP activity with venous thrombosis (VTE) and to address the procoagulant mechanism of CETP activity in prothrombinase assays. Methods: We measured CETP lipid transfer activity in plasmas of 49 male VTE patients and in plasmas of matched controls. CETP procoagulant activity was tested in purified prothrombinase systems. Results: CETP lipid transfer activity levels were significantly higher in VTE patients than in controls (p = 0.0008). A subset of patients carrying the CETP mutations Ala373Pro and Arg451Gln, which were also linked to the VTE risk, showed significantly higher plasma CETP activity than the non-carriers. The plasma CETP activity negatively correlated with APTT, suggesting that the CETP activity is associated with plasma coagulability. Recombinant (r) CETP bound to both factor Xa (Kd = 15 nM) and Gla-domainless factor Xa (Kd = 59 nM), whereas rCETP enhanced prothrombin activation by factor Xa, but not by Gla-domainless factor Xa. rCETP also required factor Va for enhancement of prothrombinase activity. When we addressed the effects of mutations in CETP on prothrombinase activity, Gln451-rCETP was found to have five-fold higher thrombin generation activity than wt-rCETP or Pro373-rCETP. Conclusions: Elevated CETP lipid transfer activity in plasma was associated with the risk of VTE. Gln451-CETP, which is linked to VTE, has much higher procoagulant activity than wt-CETP. CETP might act as a physiologic procoagulant by mechanisms that involve its direct binding to factor Xa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute
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Mito M, Matsui H, Yoshida T, Anami T, Tsuruta K, Deguchi H, Iwamoto T, Terada D, Miyajima Y, Tsuji N. Contactless electrical conductivity measurement of metallic submicron-grain material: Application to the study of aluminum with severe plastic deformation. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:053905. [PMID: 27250440 DOI: 10.1063/1.4950868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We measured the electrical conductivity σ of aluminum specimen consisting of submicron-grains by observing the AC magnetic susceptibility resulting from the eddy current. By using a commercial platform for magnetic measurement, contactless measurement of the relative electrical conductivity σn of a nonmagnetic metal is possible over a wide temperature (T) range. By referring to σ at room temperature, obtained by the four-terminal method, σn(T) was transformed into σ(T). This approach is useful for cylinder specimens, in which the estimation of the radius and/or volume is difficult. An experiment in which aluminum underwent accumulative roll bonding, which is a severe plastic deformation process, validated this method of evaluating σ as a function of the fraction of high-angle grain boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mito
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - H Matsui
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - T Anami
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - K Tsuruta
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - H Deguchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - T Iwamoto
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - D Terada
- Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan
| | - Y Miyajima
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - N Tsuji
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Deguchi H, Wolfbauer G, Cheung MC, Banerjee Y, Elias DJ, Fernández JA, Albers JJ, Griffin JH. Inhibition of thrombin generation in human plasma by phospholipid transfer protein. Thromb J 2015; 13:24. [PMID: 26185485 PMCID: PMC4504036 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-015-0054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) transfers lipids between donors and acceptors (e.g., from HDL to VLDL) and modulates lipoprotein composition, size, and levels. No study has reported an assessment of the effects of PLTP on blood clotting reactions, such as reflected in thrombin generation assays, or on the association of venous thrombosis (VTE) risk with PLTP activity. Methods The in vitro effects of PLTP on blood coagulation reactions and the correlations between plasma PLTP activity levels and VTE were studied. Results Recombinant (r) PLTP concentration-dependently inhibited plasma thrombin generation and factor XII-dependent kallikrein generation when sulfatide was used to stimulate factor XII autoactivation in plasma. However, rPLTP did not inhibit thrombin generation in plasma induced by factor XIa or tissue factor, implicating an effect of PLTP on contact activation reactions. In purified systems, rPLTP inhibited factor XII autoactivation stimulated by sulfatide in the presence of VLDL. In surface plasmon resonance studies, purified factor XII bound to immobilized rPLTP, implying that rPLTP inhibits factor XII-dependent contact activation by binding factor XII in the presence of lipoproteins. Analysis of plasmas from 40 male patients with unprovoked VTE and 40 matched controls indicated that low PLTP lipid transfer activity (≤25th percentile) was associated with an increased risk of VTE after adjustment for body mass index, plasma lipids, and two known thrombophilic genetic risk factors. Conclusion These data imply that PLTP may be an antithrombotic plasma protein by inhibiting generation of prothrombotic factor XIIa in the presence of VLDL. This newly discovered anticoagulant activity of PLTP merits further clinical and biochemical studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12959-015-0054-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, MEM180, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Gertrud Wolfbauer
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109 USA
| | - Marian C Cheung
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109 USA
| | - Yajnavalka Banerjee
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, MEM180, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037 USA ; Current Address: Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, SQ University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Darlene J Elias
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, MEM180, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - José A Fernández
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, MEM180, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - John J Albers
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109 USA
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, MEM180, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
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Deguchi H, Xu X, Elias DJ, Griffin JH. Abstract 34: Elevated Plasma CETP Activity and Hyper-procoagulant R451Q-CETP Mutation Linked to Venous Thrombosis Risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.35.suppl_1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is an important lipid transfer factor in plasma that enhances prothrombinase activity in purified reaction mixtures. To test the hypothesis that CETP activity is linked to venous thrombosis (VTE), we measured CETP lipid transfer activity in plasmas of 49 male VTE patients (age < 55 yrs old) and matched controls. CETP activity levels were significantly higher for VTE patients than controls (p= 0.0008) (see Figure panel A). Elevated CETP activity (> 90th percentile of controls) was significantly associated with VTE risk (odds ratio= 4.1 (95%CI, 1.4-13)). A subset of patients carrying CETP mutations A373P and R451Q, which were also linked to VTE risk, showed significantly higher plasma CETP activity compared with non-carriers (110 % (105-115 %) vs 80 % (66-92 %) (p=0.0004)). To test the hypothesis that these mutations enhance procoagulant activity of CETP, we made recombinant CETPs in a stable HEK293 cell expression system and measured the procoagulant activity of recombinant wt-CETP, A373P-CETP, and R451Q-CETP that were added to reaction mixtures containing factors Xa, Va, prothrombin and lipids. Quite remarkably, the R451Q-CETP mutant had five-fold higher thrombin generation activity compared to wt-CETP or A373P-CETP (see Figure panel B). In summary, our data show that (1) elevated CETP lipid transfer activity in plasma was associated with the risk of VTE and (2) recombinant R451Q-CETP which is linked to VTE has much higher procoagulant activity than wt-CETP. These clinical and basic findings indicate that the lipid transfer activity of CETP may contribute to risk for thrombosis and that further studies of this hypothesis are merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Deguchi
- The Dept of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Rsch Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Xiao Xu
- The Dept of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Rsch Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Darlene J Elias
- The Dept of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Rsch Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - John H Griffin
- The Dept of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Rsch Institute, La Jolla, CA
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Hayashi T, Okamoto F, Terasaki F, Deguchi H, Hirota Y, Kitaura Y, Spry CJ, Kawamura K. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies on myocardial biopsies from a patient with eosinophilic endomyocarditis. Cardiovasc Pathol 2015; 5:105-12. [PMID: 25851362 DOI: 10.1016/1054-8807(95)00064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/1994] [Accepted: 06/28/1995] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy specimens from a 13-year-old boy with hypereosinophilia were studied by light and electron microscopy using the EG2 monoclonal antibody, which recognizes a common epitope of eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil protein-X. Although the endocardial layer was of normal thickness, many eosinophils, mononuclear cells, and free eosinophil granules were observed in the endocardium and in the vicinity of degenerated myocardial cells. Under electron microscopy, many of the specific granules in and out of eosinophils had lost their crystalloid internae and displayed reversed density, and there were many degranulated eosinophils with reduced number of granules. Immunohistochemically, large amounts of eosinophil cationic protein and protein-X were observed within cardiocytes when many of them were degenerated. Deposits of the proteins were also found in some small vessels. On electron microscopy, accumulations of gold particles, which bind to eosinophil cationic protein and protein-X, were seen in association with specific granules and on the myofilaments in both degenerated and normal-appearing cardiocytes. The presence of eosinophil cationic proteins within cardiocytes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic endomyocardial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hayashi
- From the Third Division, Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - F Okamoto
- From the Third Division, Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - F Terasaki
- From the Third Division, Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Deguchi
- From the Third Division, Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Hirota
- From the Third Division, Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Kitaura
- From the Third Division, Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - C J Spry
- From the Third Division, Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan; From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, England
| | - K Kawamura
- From the Third Division, Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
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Fernandez JA, Deguchi H, Banka CL, Witztum JL, Griffin JH. Re-evaluation of the anticoagulant properties of high-density lipoprotein-brief report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 35:570-2. [PMID: 25550205 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to resolve the striking controversy between our previous report that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) enhances activated protein C (APC)/protein S anticoagulant actions and a subsequent, contradicting report that HDL lacks this activity. APPROACH AND RESULTS When fresh HDL preparations from 2 laboratories were subjected to Superose 6 column chromatography, fractions containing HDL-enhanced APC:protein S anticoagulant actions in clotting assays, thereby validating our previous report. Moreover, the ability of HDL to enhance the anticoagulant actions of APC:protein S was neutralized by anti-apoAI antibodies, further indicating that the activity is because of HDL particles and not because of contaminating phospholipid vesicles. Density gradient subfractionation studies of HDL showed that large HDL subfractions (densities between 1.063 and 1.125 g/mL) contained the APC:protein S-enhancing activity. Fresh HDL stored at 4°C gradually lost its anticoagulant enhancing activity for 14 days, indicating moderate instability in this activity of purified HDL. CONCLUSIONS These studies conclusively demonstrate that freshly prepared HDL fractions possess anticoagulant activity. Fractions from Superose 6 columns that contain HDL reproducibly enhance APC:protein S anticoagulant activity, consistent with the hypothesis that HDL has antithrombotic activity and with the observation that low HDL levels are found in male venous thrombosis patients. Understanding the basis for this activity could lead to novel therapeutic approaches to regulate venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Fernandez
- From the Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.A.F., H.D., J.H.G.); and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (C.L.B., J.L.W., J.H.G.)
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- From the Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.A.F., H.D., J.H.G.); and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (C.L.B., J.L.W., J.H.G.)
| | - Carole L Banka
- From the Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.A.F., H.D., J.H.G.); and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (C.L.B., J.L.W., J.H.G.)
| | - Joseph L Witztum
- From the Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.A.F., H.D., J.H.G.); and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (C.L.B., J.L.W., J.H.G.)
| | - John H Griffin
- From the Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.A.F., H.D., J.H.G.); and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (C.L.B., J.L.W., J.H.G.).
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Martos L, Medina P, Deguchi H, Bonet E, Ramón L, Ferrando F, Mira Y, Vayá A, Bonanad S, Aznar JA, Griffin J, España F, Navarro Rosales S. C0136: A Modification of Calibrated Automated Thrombin Generation Assay to Explore New Cofactors of Activated Protein C in Plasma. Thromb Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(14)50233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kameda Y, Deguchi H, Furukawa H, Kubota Y, Yagi Y, Imai Y, Yamazaki N, Watari N, Hirata T, Matubayasi N. Hydration structure of CO2-absorbed 2-aminoethanol studied by neutron diffraction with the 14N/15N isotopic substitution method. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:1403-10. [PMID: 24417510 DOI: 10.1021/jp411780d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neutron diffraction measurements were carried out for CO2-absorbed aqueous 11 mol % 2-aminoethanol (MEA) D2O solutions (corresponding to 30 wt % MEA solution) in order to obtain information on both the intramolecular structure and intermolecular hydration structure of the MEA carbamate molecule in the aqueous solution. Neutron scattering cross sections observed for (MEA)0.11(D2O)0.89, (MEA)0.11(D2O)0.89(CO2)0.06, and (MEA)0.11(D2O)0.89(DCl)0.11 solutions with different (14)N/(15)N ratios were used to derive the first-order difference function, ΔN(Q), which involves environmental structural information around the nitrogen atom of the MEA molecule. Intramolecular geometry and intermolecular hydration structure of MEA, protonated MEA (MEAD(+)), and MEA carbamate (MEA-CO2) molecules were obtained through the least-squares fitting of the observed Δ(N)(Q) in the high-Q region and the intermolecular difference function, Δ(N)(inter)(Q), respectively. In the aqueous solution, the MEA molecule takes the gauche conformation (dihedral angle, ∠NCCO = 45 ± 3°), suggesting that an intramolecular hydrogen bond is formed. On the other hand, values of the dihedral angle ∠NCCO determined for MEAD(+) and MEA-CO2 molecules were 193 ± 4° and 214 ± 8°, respectively. These results imply that the intermolecular hydrogen bonds are dominated for MEAD(+) and MEA-CO2 molecules. The intermolecular nearest neighbor N···O(D2O) distance for the MEA molecule was determined to be 3.13 ± 0.01 Å, which suggests weak intermolecular interaction between the amino-nitrogen atom of MEA and water molecules in the first hydration shell. The nearest-neighbor N···O(D2O) distances for MEAD(+) and MEA-CO2 molecules, 2.79 ± 0.03 and 2.87 ± 0.04 Å, clearly indicate strong hydrogen bonds are formed among the amino group of these molecules and neighboring water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Kameda
- Department of Material and Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University , 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
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Deguchi H, Elias DJ, Trauger S, Zhang HM, Kalisiak E, Siuzdak G, Griffin JH. Warfarin untargeted metabolomics study identifies novel procoagulant ethanolamide plasma lipids. Br J Haematol 2014; 165:409-12. [PMID: 24450944 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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38
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Deguchi H, Elias DJ, Griffin JH. Gain in translation: heme oxygenase-1 induced by activated protein C promotes thrombus resolution. J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12:90-2. [PMID: 24406066 PMCID: PMC4062081 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 USA
| | - Darlene J. Elias
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 USA
| | - John H. Griffin
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 USA
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39
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Sagawa M, Shibuya J, Takahashi S, Endo C, Abiko M, Suzuki H, Matsumura Y, Sakuma T, Sato N, Deguchi H, Nakamura Y, Hasumi T, Kondo T. A randomized phase III trial of postoperative adjuvant therapy for completely resected stage IA-IIIA lung cancer using an anti‑angiogenetic agent: irsogladine maleate. MINERVA CHIR 2013; 68:587-597. [PMID: 24193291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Although angiogenesis plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of solid tumors, very few anti-angiogenetic drugs have been developed. Reexamining the anti-angiogenetic effects of existing drugs such as Thalidomide is another possible strategy for drug discovery. Irsogladine maleate (IM) is a drug invented to treat gastric ulcers; however, several reports have shown that IM also exerts anti-angiogenetic effects in vitro, in vivo and in humans. In order to elucidate whether treatment with IM would improve the prognoses of patients with resected lung cancer, we conducted a randomized trial. METHODS In the control group, uracil-tegafur (250 mg/m2/day) was administered for two years to patients with resected stage IB - IIIA lung cancer, and no adjuvant therapy was administered to those with stage IA disease. In the study group, IM (4 mg/body/day) was additionally administered for two years. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in the major prognostic factors among 305 eligible patients between the study and control groups. Adverse effects were minimal. The overall survival of the patients in the study and control groups were not statistically different. When the analysis was stratified by regimen, among the patients with resected stage IA disease, disease-specific survival in the study group was slightly higher than that in the control group; however, the difference was not significant (p=0.07). CONCLUSION Although it could not be proven that IM improves the prognoses of resected lung cancer patients, IM might have some effect on resected stage IA disease, and another trial should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sagawa
- Japanese Northern East Area Thoracic Surgery Study Group (JNETS) -
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40
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Inamasu T, Sudo K, Kato S, Deguchi H, Ichikawa M, Shimizu T, Maeda T, Fujimoto S, Takebayashi T, Saito T. Pandemic influenza virus surveillance, Izu-Oshima Island, Japan. Emerg Infect Dis 2013; 18:1882-5. [PMID: 23092603 PMCID: PMC3559151 DOI: 10.3201/eid1811.111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A population-based influenza surveillance study (using PCR virus subtyping) on Izu-Oshima Island, Japan, found that the cumulative incidence of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infections 2 seasons after the pandemic was highest for those 10–14 years of age (43.1%). No postpandemic A(H1N1)pdm09 case-patients had been infected with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus during the pandemic season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Inamasu
- Keio University Global Security Research Institute,Tokyo, Japan
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41
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Kameda Y, Deguchi H, Kubota Y, Furukawa H, Yagi Y, Imai Y, Tatsumi M, Yamazaki N, Watari N, Hirata T, Matubayasi N. High-Energy X-ray Diffraction Study on the Intramolecular Structure of 2-Aminoethanol in the Liquid State. BCSJ 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20120222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Kameda
- Department of Material and Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- Power Engineering R & D Center, Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc
| | | | | | - Yasuyuki Yagi
- Power Engineering R & D Center, Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc
| | - Yoshihiro Imai
- Power Engineering R & D Center, Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc
| | | | - Noriko Yamazaki
- Advanced Technology Research Center, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
| | - Noriko Watari
- Advanced Technology Research Center, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
| | - Takuya Hirata
- Hiroshima Research & Development Center, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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42
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Deguchi H, Elias DJ, Navarro S, España F, Griffin JH. Elevated serum amyloid A is associated with venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 2012; 109:358-9. [PMID: 23255027 DOI: 10.1160/th12-10-0722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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43
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Jin Z, Matsumoto S, Fujimoto N, Yoshihiro M, Takagi S, Mito M, Deguchi H, Kurmoo M. Study of the magnetism of absorbed paramagnetic gases in the metal–organic hybrid Ni2(H2O)4PM·2H2O. Polyhedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Tsuruta K, Mito M, Deguchi H, Takagi S, Yoshida Y, Inoue K. Effect of uniaxial strain on a molecule-based ferrimagnet with crystal chirality. Polyhedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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45
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Watanabe T, Miki Y, Miyahara Y, Masuda T, Deguchi H, Kanai H, Hosokawa S, Wada K, Inoue M. Enhancement of the Activities of γ-Ga2O3–Al2O3 Catalysts for Methane-SCR of NO by Treatment with NH3. Catal Letters 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-011-0654-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Saito A, Wakao M, Deguchi H, Mawatari A, Sobel M, Suda Y. Towards the assembly of heparin and heparan sulfate oligosaccharide libraries: efficient synthesis of uronic acid and disaccharide building blocks. Tetrahedron 2010; 66:3951-3962. [PMID: 20473366 PMCID: PMC2869207 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The monosaccharide moieties found in heparin (HP) and heparan sulfate (HS), glucosamine and two kinds of uronic acids, glucuronic and iduronic acids, were efficiently synthesized by use of glucosamine hydrochloride and glucurono-6,3-lactone as starting compounds. In the synthesis of the disaccharide building block, the key issues of preparation of uronic acids (glucuronic acid and iduronic acid moieties) were achieved in 12 steps and 15 steps, respectively, without cumbersome C-6 oxidation. The resulting monosaccharide moieties were utilized to the syntheses of HP/HS disaccharide building blocks possessing glucosamine-glucuronic acid (GlcN-GlcA) or iduronic acid (GlcN-IdoA) sequences. The disaccharide building blocks were also suitable for further modification such as glycosylation, selective deprotection, and sulfation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Masahiro Wakao
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Aya Mawatari
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Michael Sobel
- Division of Vascular Surgery, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and the University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yasuo Suda
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
- SUDx-Biotec Corporation, 1-42-1, Shiroyama, Kagoshima 890-0013, Japan
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47
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Okuda K, Deguchi H, Hirota T, Sasaki K. Polycyclic N-heterocyclic compounds. Part 65: ring cleavage reactions of fused furo[2,3-c]isoquinolines and related compounds with various nucleophiles. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:755-7. [PMID: 20460811 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of fused 2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-b]pyridines with various nucleophiles (N and O) gave dihydrofuran ring cleaved products. The scope of this reaction was investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Okuda
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
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48
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Okuda K, Deguchi H, Kashino S, Hirota T, Sasaki K. Polycyclic N-Heterocyclic Compounds. Part 64: Synthesis of 5-Amino-1,2,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[f]furo[2,3-c]isoquinolines and Related Compounds. Evaluation of Their Bronchodilator Activity and Effects on Lipoprotein Lipase mRNA Expression. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:685-9. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Setsuo Kashino
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University
| | | | - Kenji Sasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
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49
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Nakatani T, Watanabe T, Takahashi M, Miyahara Y, Deguchi H, Iwamoto S, Kanai H, Inoue M. Characterization of γ-Ga2O3−Al2O3 Prepared by Solvothermal Method and Its Performance for Methane-SCR of NO. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:7021-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp901569s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Nakatani
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Power Engineering R&D Center, The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc., 3-11-20, Nakoji, Amagasaki 661-0974, Japan
| | - Tsunenori Watanabe
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Power Engineering R&D Center, The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc., 3-11-20, Nakoji, Amagasaki 661-0974, Japan
| | - Masaru Takahashi
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Power Engineering R&D Center, The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc., 3-11-20, Nakoji, Amagasaki 661-0974, Japan
| | - Yuya Miyahara
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Power Engineering R&D Center, The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc., 3-11-20, Nakoji, Amagasaki 661-0974, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Power Engineering R&D Center, The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc., 3-11-20, Nakoji, Amagasaki 661-0974, Japan
| | - Shinji Iwamoto
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Power Engineering R&D Center, The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc., 3-11-20, Nakoji, Amagasaki 661-0974, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Kanai
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Power Engineering R&D Center, The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc., 3-11-20, Nakoji, Amagasaki 661-0974, Japan
| | - Masashi Inoue
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Power Engineering R&D Center, The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc., 3-11-20, Nakoji, Amagasaki 661-0974, Japan
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50
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Cheung MC, Wolfbauer G, Deguchi H, Fernández JA, Griffin JH, Albers JJ. Human plasma phospholipid transfer protein specific activity is correlated with HDL size: implications for lipoprotein physiology. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2008; 1791:206-11. [PMID: 19162221 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2008.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Revised: 12/09/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To gain further insights into the relationship between plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) and lipoprotein particles, PLTP mass and phospholipid transfer activity were measured, and their associations with the level and size of lipoprotein particles examined in 39 healthy adult subjects. No bivariate correlation was observed between PLTP activity and mass. PLTP activity was positively associated with cholesterol, triglyceride, apo B and VLDL particle level (r(s)=0.40-0.56, p< or =0.01) while PLTP mass was positively associated with HDL-C, large HDL particles, and mean LDL and HDL particle sizes (r(s)=0.44-0.52, p<0.01). Importantly, plasma PLTP specific activity (SA) was significantly associated with specific lipoprotein classes, positively with VLDL, IDL, and small LDL particles (r(s)=0.42-0.62, p< or =0.01) and inversely with large LDL, large HDL, and mean LDL and HDL particle size (r(s)=-0.42 to -0.70, p< or =0.01). After controlling for triglyceride levels, the correlation between PLTP mass or SA and HDL size remained significant. In linear models, HDL size explained 45% of the variability of plasma PLTP SA while triglyceride explained 34% of the PLTP activity. Thus, in healthy adults a significant relationship exists between HDL size and plasma PLTP SA (r(s)=-0.70), implying that HDL particle size may modulate PLTP SA in the vascular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian C Cheung
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-4517, USA
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