1
|
Abd-Ellatieff HA, Hegazy AA, AbouRawash ARA, Tohamy HG, Al-Shehri M, Bazh EK, Hassan H, Essa BH. Pathological and genetic characterization of foot and mouth disease viruses collected from cattle and water buffalo in Egypt. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291970. [PMID: 37819946 PMCID: PMC10566709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), a highly contagious viral disease caused by FMD virus (FMDV) that threatens Egypt's livestock industry. FMDV causes severe economic losses in the livestock, with restriction of international trade from endemic regions. Surveillance for FMDV serotypes circulating in Egypt is urgently needed to assess the epidemiological situation in the country. FMD outbreaks reported in Egypt in between December 2016 and January-March 2017. A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the FMDV serotypes responsible for the outbreaks and to collect information on the virus's morphopathological effects. Postmortem tissue and clinical samples (oral swabs, vesicular fluids from ruptured vesicles, and blood) were collected from recently deceased and infected animals. Pathological examination revealed classical FMD lesions as vesicular and erosive lesions on epithelial tissues with non-suppurative lymphoplasmacytic myocarditis. Phylogenetic and sequencing analyses demonstrated that FMDV serotype O, EA-3 topotype, VP1 is the prevalent serotype responsible for the pathological alterations and the high mortality in young calves, adult cattle, and water buffalo. The outcomes indicate continuous mutations in the circulating FMDV, which result in the occasional failure of vaccination. Based on these findings, extensive continuous monitoring and serotyping of the existing circulating FMDV isolates and regular vaccination with reevaluation of the currently used vaccine in Egypt are recommended to prevent the recurrence of such outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoda A. Abd-Ellatieff
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Abadiyyat Damanhur, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A. Hegazy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Abadiyyat Damanhur, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Rahman A. AbouRawash
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Abadiyyat Damanhur, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Hossam G. Tohamy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Al-Shehri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman K. Bazh
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Al-Kom, Egypt
| | - Hesham Hassan
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bothaina H. Essa
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Abadiyyat Damanhur, El-Beheira, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hassan SM, Zayeda R, Ellakany HF, Badr S, A AA, Abd-ellatieff HA. Anticoccidial Activity of Aloe Vera Leafs’ Aqueous Extract and vaccination Against Eimeria tenella: Pathological Study in Broilers.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3158113/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of an anticoccidial vaccine and the anticoccidial activity of Aloe vera in broiler chickens infected with Eimeria tenella. A total of 225 healthy one-day-old, unsexed broiler chicks (avian48) from a commercial broiler company were randomly divided into nine experimental groups, with 25 chicks in each group. The groups included: Group 1 (control, vaccinated, non-infected), Group 2 (vaccinated and infected with 5×104 sporulated oocysts), Group 3 (vaccinated, infected with 5×104 sporulated oocysts, and treated with Aloe vera), Group 4 (infected with 5×104 sporulated oocysts and treated with Aloe vera), Group 5 (positive control, infected with 5×104 sporulated oocysts), Group 6 (challenged with 5×104 sporulated oocysts and then treated with amprolium), Group 7 (treated with amprolium), Group 8 (blank control negative group), and Group 9 (treated with Aloe vera gel). Various parameters including clinical signs, growth performance, oocyst shedding, hematological and immunological parameters, and pathological lesion scoring were evaluated. The results showed that Aloe vera improved growth performance, reduced oocyst shedding, and decreased caecal lesion scores in broiler chicks infected with Eimeria tenella. The use of Aloe vera in combination with either amprolium or anticoccidial vaccines provided a potential solution to the issues of drug resistance and drug residues. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the control of coccidiosis in broilers. Supplementing the chicken diet with Aloe vera had beneficial effects on the pathogenicity and infectivity of Eimeria tenella, making it a cost-effective alternative as an herbal extract with no adverse side effects for coccidiosis control. These findings suggest that Aloe vera can be considered as a potential candidate for inclusion in broiler diets to effectively control coccidiosis.
Collapse
|
3
|
Abd-Ellatieff HA, Bazh EK, Hussin SM, Yamamoto I, Yanai T, AbouRawash ARA. Onchocerca flexuosa. sp. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in Japanese Wild Sika Deer (Cervus nippon): Pathological and molecular identification. J Parasit Dis 2021; 46:354-365. [DOI: 10.1007/s12639-021-01453-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
4
|
Elbestawy AR, Abd-Ellatieff HA, Ellakany HF, Abd El-Hamid HS, Abou Rawash AA, Gado AR, Abd El-Aziz AH, Eid AAM, El-Shall NA. Respiratory and Reproductive Impairment of Commercial Layer Chickens After Experimental Infection with Gallibacterium anatis Biovar haemolytica. Avian Dis 2021; 64:536-541. [PMID: 33570106 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d20-00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of Gallibacterium anatis in poultry production has increased over the last two decades. However, only a few studies have explored the pathogenicity of this bacterium in commercial layer chickens. This trial studied the aspects of the pathogenicity of a Gallibacterium anatis biovar haemolytica local Egyptian isolate (previously registered as strain B14 with GenBank accession no. KJ026147). We used 500 base pairs of a 16S ribosomal RNA gene and the 16S-23S ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer, partial sequence in an experimental infection trial in commercial White Shaver layer chickens aged 19 wk. The hens were divided into three groups of 40 birds each. The hens in Groups 1 and 2 were experimentally infected through the intranasal (IN) and intravenous (IV) routes, respectively, with a dose of 0.2 ml/bird containing 1.2 × 109 colony-forming units/ml. In contrast, Group 3 was kept as a noninfected control group. Both IN and IV infections resulted in a delayed egg laying for 1 wk and a significant (P ≤ 0.05) drop in egg production by 7.81% and 10.28% compared with the control group over 7 wk. Severe lesions in the form of hemorrhagic pneumonia, catarrhal tracheitis, ovarian follicle and oviductal regression, and septicemia were evident on necropsy, demonstrating the pathogenicity of G. anatis as a primary pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed R Elbestawy
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Hoda A Abd-Ellatieff
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Hany F Ellakany
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Hatem S Abd El-Hamid
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman A Abou Rawash
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Gado
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Ayman H Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Amal A M Eid
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511 Egypt
| | - Nahed A El-Shall
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758 Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Saleh AG, El-Habashi N, Abd-Ellatieff HA, Abas OM, Anwar S, Fukushi H, Yanai T. Comparative Study of the Pathogenesis of Rhinopneumonitis Induced by Intranasal Inoculation of Hamsters with Equine Herpesvirus-9, Equine Herpesvirus-1 strain Ab4p and Zebra-borne Equine Herpesvirus-1. J Comp Pathol 2020; 180:35-45. [PMID: 33222872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Equine herpesvirus-9 (EHV-9), equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) and zebra-borne EHV-1 are members of the family Herpesviridae and cause encephalitis and rhinopneumonitis in a range of animal species. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the rhinopneumonitis induced by experimental intranasal inoculation of groups of hamsters with EHV-9, EHV-1 strain Ab4p or zebra-borne EHV-1 viruses. Animals inoculated with EHV-9 had earlier and more severe neurological and respiratory signs than those inoculated with EHV-1 strain Ab4p or zebra-borne EHV-1. At 4-5 days post inoculation (dpi), hamsters inoculated with EHV-9 had significantly increased expression of open reading fame (ORF) 30, the viral gene encoding the DNA polymerase, in lung tissue. ORF 30 expression at these time points was higher in the hamsters infected with EHV-9 than in those inoculated with the other two viruses. Severe, mild or very mild rhinitis was seen in animals inoculated with EHV-1 strain Ab4p, EHV-9 and zebra-borne EHV-1, respectively. Viral antigen was detected in olfactory receptor neurons, inflammatory cells and desquamated epithelial cells in animals in all groups until 5 dpi. Tracheitis was also seen in all three virus-infected groups with viral antigen detected in tracheal epithelium. Inoculated hamsters developed interstitial pneumonia of increasing severity over the course of the experiment. Bronchopneumonia and vasculitis were also seen in all three infected groups. These results confirm that, in addition to their neurotropism, EHV-9 and zebra-borne EHV-1 are pneumotropic viruses. EHV-1 strain Ab4p caused more severe upper respiratory tract disease, but no significant differences were detected in the severity of pneumonia induced by each virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa G Saleh
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan; Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, El-Beheira
| | - Nagwan El-Habashi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Hoda A Abd-Ellatieff
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Osama M Abas
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan; Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Shehata Anwar
- Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Canada
| | - Hideto Fukushi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tokuma Yanai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan; Laboratory of Wildlife and Forensic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abd-Ellatieff HA, Abou Rawash AA, Ellakany HF, Goda WM, Suzuki T, Yanai T. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a virulent Marek's disease virus field strain in broiler chickens in Japan. Avian Pathol 2017; 47:47-57. [PMID: 28762757 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2017.1362497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Marek's disease is a lymphoproliferative disease causing a serious threat in poultry production. Field strains of Marek's disease virus (MDVs) are continuously re-emerging, causing great economical losses to the poultry industry worldwide in spite of the intensive vaccination and restrictive management policy used. Histopathological and molecular characterizations of MDVs are essential for monitoring the changes of viruses and evaluating the effectiveness of existing vaccines. During 2016, 190 visceral tumour tissues representing 30 vaccinated chicken flocks from the Gifu prefecture, Japan, were analysed. A pathological examination revealed the presence of lymphoproliferative lesions in the visceral organs. Polymerase chain reaction screening of tissue specimens using specific primers for avian leucosis virus, reticuloendotheliosis virus, and MDV was positive only for MDV. The polymerase chain reaction products of meq, pp38, virus-induced IL-8 homology, and glycoprotein MDV genes were sequenced and used for homology, phylogenetic, and similarity level analysis with the published reference of MDVs in the database. The results revealed high similarity between the field isolates, vv and vv+ strains of MDV from the USA and China. Several point mutations in the nucleotide sequence of the field isolates and their deduced amino acid sequences were detected in those genes. The present molecular analyses indicated that nucleotide and amino acid changes could be valuable criteria for differentiation and determination of the pathogenicity and oncogenicity of MDVs according to the Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory pathotyping in vivo studies. Furthermore, the results suggest that development of a new vaccine must be considered to overcome this devastating avian oncogenic viral disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoda A Abd-Ellatieff
- a Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences , Gifu University , Gifu , Japan.,b Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Damanhour University , El-Beheira , Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman A Abou Rawash
- a Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences , Gifu University , Gifu , Japan.,b Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Damanhour University , El-Beheira , Egypt
| | - Hany F Ellakany
- c Department of Poultry and Fish Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Damanhour University , El-Beheira , Egypt
| | - Wael M Goda
- b Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Damanhour University , El-Beheira , Egypt
| | - T Suzuki
- d Laboratory of Genome Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Biological , Gifu University , Gifu , Japan
| | - Tokuma Yanai
- a Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences , Gifu University , Gifu , Japan
| |
Collapse
|