1
|
Mayer CE, Žuklys S, Zhanybekova S, Ohigashi I, Teh HY, Sansom SN, Shikama-Dorn N, Hafen K, Macaulay IC, Deadman ME, Ponting CP, Takahama Y, Holländer GA. Dynamic spatio-temporal contribution of single β5t+ cortical epithelial precursors to the thymus medulla. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:846-56. [PMID: 26694097 PMCID: PMC4832341 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Intrathymic T‐cell development is critically dependent on cortical and medullary thymic epithelial cells (TECs). Both epithelial subsets originate during early thymus organogenesis from progenitor cells that express the thymoproteasome subunit β5t, a typical feature of cortical TECs. Using in vivo lineage fate mapping, we demonstrate in mice that β5t+ TEC progenitors give rise to the medullary TEC compartment early in life but significantly limit their contribution once the medulla has completely formed. Lineage‐tracing studies at single cell resolution demonstrate for young mice that the postnatal medulla is expanded from individual β5t+ cortical progenitors located at the cortico‐medullary junction. These results therefore not only define a developmental window during which the expansion of medulla is efficiently enabled by progenitors resident in the thymic cortex, but also reveal the spatio‐temporal dynamics that control the growth of the thymic medulla.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Mayer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Saulius Žuklys
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Izumi Ohigashi
- Division of Experimental Immunology, Institute for Genome Research, University of Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hong-Ying Teh
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephen N Sansom
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Katrin Hafen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Iain C Macaulay
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute-EBI Single Cell Genomics Centre, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mary E Deadman
- Department of Paediatrics and the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chris P Ponting
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute-EBI Single Cell Genomics Centre, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.,MRC Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yousuke Takahama
- Division of Experimental Immunology, Institute for Genome Research, University of Tokushima, Japan
| | - Georg A Holländer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Paediatrics and the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
James SJ, Jiao H, Teh HY, Takahashi H, Png CW, Phoon MC, Suzuki Y, Sawasaki T, Xiao H, Chow VTK, Yamamoto N, Reynolds JM, Flavell RA, Dong C, Zhang Y. MAPK Phosphatase 5 Expression Induced by Influenza and Other RNA Virus Infection Negatively Regulates IRF3 Activation and Type I Interferon Response. Cell Rep 2015; 10:1722-1734. [PMID: 25772359 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The type I interferon system is essential for antiviral immune response and is a primary target of viral immune evasion strategies. Here, we show that virus infection induces the expression of MAPK phosphatase 5 (MKP5), a dual-specificity phosphatase (DUSP), in host cells. Mice deficient in MKP5 were resistant to H1N1 influenza infection, which is associated with increased IRF3 activation and type I interferon expression in comparison with WT mice. Increased type I interferon responses were also observed in MKP5-deficient cells and animals upon other RNA virus infection, including vesicular stomatitis virus and sendai virus. These observations were attributed to the ability of MKP5 to interact with and dephosphorylate IRF3. Our study reveals a critical function of a DUSP in negative regulation of IRF3 activity and demonstrates a mechanism by which influenza and other RNA viruses inhibit type I interferon response in the host through MKP5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmy J James
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Immunology Progamme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Huipeng Jiao
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Immunology Progamme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Hong-Ying Teh
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Immunology Progamme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Hirotaka Takahashi
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Chin Wen Png
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Immunology Progamme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Meng Chee Phoon
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Youichi Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Tatsuy Sawasaki
- Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hui Xiao
- Unit of Immune Regulation and Signaling, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Vincent T K Chow
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Joseph M Reynolds
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Chen Dong
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Immunology Progamme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|