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Yu MG, Zheng CD, Li T, Song HL, Wang LJ, Zhang W, Sun H, Xie QG, Jiang SL. Comparison of aroma properties of infant formulas: Differences in key aroma compounds and their possible origins in processing. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:5970-5987. [PMID: 37500443 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Aroma is an important attribute of infant formula (IF). In this study, 218 volatiles and 62 odor-active compounds were detected from IF by dynamic headspace sampling combined with comprehensive 2-dimensional gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry. Aldehydes and ketones were determined as the most abundant odor-active compounds. Among them, the contents of pentanal and hexanal were the most abundant, while 1-octen-3-one had the highest flavor dilution factor and odor activity value in most of the IF. Sensory evaluation and electronic nose analysis showed that the skimming process, the fatty acid composition, and powdered or liquid milk base used for the production of IF may be important factors resulting in their differences in aroma profiles and compounds. These differences were assumed to be mainly ascribed to the Maillard reaction and lipid oxidation, which were largely influenced by the temperature and water activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - C D Zheng
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
| | - T Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - H L Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - L J Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - W Zhang
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
| | - H Sun
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Q G Xie
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
| | - S L Jiang
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China.
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2
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Tang Q, Zhao XS, Guo A, Cui RT, Song HL, Qi ZY, Pan Y, Yang Y, Zhang FF, Jin L. Therapeutic applications of adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions in osteoarthritis. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:744-755. [PMID: 36337155 PMCID: PMC9630988 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i10.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered to be a highly heterogeneous disease with progressive cartilage loss, subchondral bone remodeling, and low-grade inflammation. It is one of the world's leading causes of disability. Most conventional clinical treatments for OA are palliative drugs, which cannot fundamentally cure this disease. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissues is a heterogeneous cell population. According to previous studies, it contains a large number of mesenchymal stem cells, which have been used to treat OA with good therapeutic results. This safe, simple, and effective therapy is expected to be applied and promoted in the future. In this paper, the detailed pathogenesis, diagnosis, and current clinical treatments for OA are introduced. Then, clinical studies and the therapeutic mechanism of SVF for the treatment of OA are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xian-Sheng Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ao Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruo-Tong Cui
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huai-Le Song
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zi-Yang Qi
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Pan
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang-Fang Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Jin
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
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Gao HN, Hu H, Wen PC, Lian S, Xie XL, Song HL, Yang ZN, Ren FZ. Yak milk-derived exosomes alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/C3 pathway activation. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:8411-8424. [PMID: 34001362 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) are important parts of the mucosal barrier, whose function can be impaired upon various injury factors such as lipopolysaccharide. Although food-derived exosomes are preventable against intestinal barrier injuries, there have been few studies on the effect of yak milk-derived exosomes and the underlying mechanism that remains poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the effect of exosomal proteins derived from yak and cow milk on the barrier function of IEC-6 treated with lipopolysaccharide and the relevant mechanism involved. Proteomics study revealed 392 differentially expressed proteins, with 58 higher expressed and 334 lower expressed in yak milk-derived exosomes than those in cow exosomes. Additionally, the top 20 proteins with a relatively consistent higher expression in yak milk exosomes than cow milk exosomes were identified. Protein CD46 was found to be a regulator for alleviating inflammatory injury of IEC-6. In vitro assay of the role of yak milk exosomes on survival of IEC-6 in inflammation by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay confirmed the effectiveness of yak milk exosomes to increase IEC-6 survival up to 18% for 12 h compared with cow milk exosomes (up to 12%), indicating a therapeutic effect of yak milk exosomes in the prevention of intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, yak and cow milk exosomes were shown to activate the PI3K/AKT/C3 signaling pathway, thus promoting IEC-6 survival. Our findings demonstrated an important relationship between yak and cow milk exosomes and intestinal inflammation, facilitating further understanding of the mechanisms of inflammation-driven epithelial homeostasis. Interestingly, compared with cow milk exosomes, yak milk exosomes activated the PI3K/AKT/C3 signaling pathway more to lower the incidence and severity of intestine inflammation, which might represent a potential innovative therapeutic option for intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - H Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - P C Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - S Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - X L Xie
- Treasure of Tibet Yak Dairy Co., Ltd., Lhasa 610000, China
| | - H L Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Z N Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - F Z Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Wei SH, Song HL, Tong Y. [The development history and prospect of neuro-ophthalmology in China]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2020; 56:891-894. [PMID: 33342115 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20200602-00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Neuro-ophthalmology is an interdisciplinary subspecialty that occupies an important position in ophthalmology. We review the development history and subspecialty construction of the neuro-ophthalmology in China, showing the achievements, providing reference for the clinical and scientific research of neuro-ophthalmology in the future, commemorating the predecessors and inspiring the contemporary neuro-ophthalmology profession to forge ahead. Congratulations on the 70th anniversary of the publication of the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology.(Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56:891-894).
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - H L Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Y Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
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5
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Song HL, Xu QG, Wei SH. [Progress in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders related optic neuritis]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2020; 56:539-543. [PMID: 32842338 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20190703-00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) related optic neuritis (NMOSD-ON) is a common neuro-ophthalmic disease which often results in permanent blindness. NMOSD is characterized by high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Therefore the two key objectives of the therapeutic approach for patients with NMOSD are treatment of the acute attacks and prevention of the relapses. With the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of NMOSD, new treatments developed for different stages of the disease are emerging. This review gives an update of latest knowledge of NMOSD-ON, emphasizing both current and future therapeutic approaches. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56: 539-543).
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, ChinaSong Honglu is now working at the Department of Ophthalmology, the 980th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Q G Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, ChinaSong Honglu is now working at the Department of Ophthalmology, the 980th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - S H Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, ChinaSong Honglu is now working at the Department of Ophthalmology, the 980th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
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Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a member of the toll-like receptor family and belongs to the family of pattern recognition receptors. The role of TLR4 signaling pathway in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury has been widely studied in recent years, and its control methods in inflammatory response is becoming the most important research hotspot. In this paper, the research progress of the molecules and their regulatory mechanisms involved with TLR4 signaling pathway in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury is reviewed, which act as a new foundation of clinical research to study the pathogenic mechanisms and treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yang
- The First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - H L Song
- Department of Organ Transplantaion, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Transplantation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
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Song HL, Jiang LJ, Jiang LZ, Zhang WW, Wang X, Yan ZH. [The MRI analysis of 220 cases of placenta previa complicated with placenta accrete or not]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:3692-3696. [PMID: 30526781 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.45.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of MRI for placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta or not. Methods: A total of 220 placenta previa patients were diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound and MRI in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from May 2014 to May 2017.The MRI images of 220 placenta previa patients suspicious of placenta previa were interpreted by two radiologists who majored on gynecological radiology. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of two radiologists in diagnosis of placenta accreta were calculated respectively. Kappa test were used to verify the consistency between two doctors, as well as their MRI diagnosis and pathological results. The diagnostic value of MRI and pathological were assessed by Chi-square test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve. Results: The 220 patients were all confirmed with placenta previa by surgical pathology.Out of 220, 71 cases were diagnosed as placenta accreta, and 149 cases were diagnosed without placenta accreta. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value with physician A and physician B were 90.1%/84.5%, 88.6%/89.9%, 89.1%/88.2%, 79.0%/80.0% and 95.0%/92.4%, respectively.The consistency between MRI diagnosis and pathological results was excellent in physician A (κ=0.759), and good in physician B (κ=0.734). However, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of diagnosis between two physicians had no significant difference (all P>0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of ROC in physician A and B were 0.858 and 0.847 (P=0.980). Conclusion: MRI is feasible for patients with placenta previa, as the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRI are high in assessing whether placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Song
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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Hong CJ, Yu YW, Lin CH, Song HL, Lai HC, Yang KH, Tsai SJ. Association study of apolipoprotein E epsilon4 with clinical phenotype and clozapine response in schizophrenia. Neuropsychobiology 2001; 42:172-4. [PMID: 11096331 DOI: 10.1159/000026689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenic patients with the apolipoprotein E (APOE = gene; apoE = protein) epsilon4 allele exhibited lower psychosis scores than patients without the epsilon4 allele in previous reports. The present study tested the hypothesis that the APOE epsilon4 allele confers association with the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia or clozapine response. A total of 95 schizophrenic patients who were treatment resistant were included in the study. The results demonstrated that the presence of the APOE epsilon4 allele did not influence the response to clozapine in schizophrenic patients, neither was the baseline psychopathology related to the APOE epsilon4 allele. Given the multiple functions of the apoE protein in the brain, further study of the influence of APOE on CNS medication response is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Song HL, Jenkins GJ, Ashby J, Tinwell H, Parry JM. The application of the restriction site mutation assay to compare 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea-induced mutations between the endogenous p53 gene and the transgenic LacZ gene in MutaMouse testes. Mutagenesis 2001; 16:59-64. [PMID: 11139599 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/16.1.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic mouse modelling has provided a new approach to study the various steps involved in spontaneous and induced mutagenesis in rodent somatic and germline tissues in vivo. However, the important question arises as to whether mutations occur at the same rate in transgenes as in endogenous genes. Here, the restriction site mutation (RSM) assay was used to study mutations induced in the endogenous p53 gene and LacZ transgene of MutaMouse testes treated with 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea (ENU). The aim of these experiments was to compare mutation susceptibility between the endogenous p53 gene and the integrated LacZ gene in the transgenic mouse. ENU-treated and control testes were analysed 102 days after treatment; a total of 297 RSM analyses were performed on ENU-treated and untreated testis DNA. Ten mutational events were detected in the p53 gene (exon 5 and intron 8), two of which occurred in untreated animals and probably represent spontaneous events. Only a single mutation was detected in the LacZ gene of an ENU-treated animal by the RSM assay. Thus the RSM assay can readily detect ENU-induced mutations in the p53 gene, but not in the LacZ transgene. Comparison of the LacZ RSM mutation data with results from a previous study of identically dosed MutaMice in the transgenic selection assay [Ashby, J., Gorelick,N.J. and Shelby,M.D. (1997) Mutat. Res., 388, 111-122] showed that LacZ mutations were far more readily recovered with the MutaMouse transgenic selection assay than by RSM analysis. The reason for the relative inability of the RSM assay to detect LacZ mutations may be the smaller target size of the RSM analysis compared with the transgenic selection assay (16 bases compared with 3000 bases). Taking into account the different target sizes by calculating the mutation frequency per base allowed the RSM data regarding p53 and LacZ to be compared with previously published data from transgenic selection assays. These studies demonstrated that the p53 mutations were present at mutation frequencies (per base) 5- to 70-fold higher than the LacZ gene mutations. In addition, the LacZ mutation frequency per base found in the RSM was an order of magnitude higher than that found in the transgenic selection assay. The transgenic selection assay is more sensitive per locus (due to the larger target of the LacZ gene), as evidenced by ability to detect ENU-induced testes mutations readily.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Song
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Aberystwyth, Aberystwyth, UK
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Tsai SJ, Hong CJ, Yu YW, Lin CH, Song HL, Lai HC, Yang KH. Association study of a functional serotonin transporter gene polymorphism with schizophrenia, psychopathology and clozapine response. Schizophr Res 2000; 44:177-81. [PMID: 10962219 DOI: 10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00170-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin is implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Following serotonin release, the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is the major determinant of serotonin inactivation. The present study tested the hypothesis that a biallelic polymorphism in the 5' regulatory region of the 5-HTT gene (5-HTTLPR) confers susceptibility to schizophrenia, association with the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia or clozapine response. 90 treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale before and after clozapine treatment. The results demonstrated that the 5-HTTLPR variants did not play a major role in the susceptibility, clinical manifestations or clozapine response in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Abstract
Schizophrenic disorders are complex genetic disorders and may involve multiple genes of small effect. The presence of apolipoprotein E (apoE) is associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders. Previous studies on apoE genotype distribution in schizophrenia have reported conflicting findings. We studied the genotype frequencies in a large group of schizophrenic patients. The genotype distribution was significantly different between the schizophrenic patients and the control subjects. Persons who were sigma3 carriers have an increased risk of schizophrenia. This result suggests that apoE isoforms may play a functional role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenic disorders. Some possible mechanisms regarding the effect of apoE on the development of schizophrenia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Chen
- Section of Psychiatry, Yu-Li Veterans Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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12
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Hong CJ, Tsai SJ, Cheng CY, Liao WY, Song HL, Lai HC. Association analysis of the 5-HT(6) receptor polymorphism (C267T) in mood disorders. Am J Med Genet 1999; 88:601-2. [PMID: 10581475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The serotonergic system is implicated in the etiology of mood disorders. Among those most recently discovered serotonin receptors, the relative abundance of serotonin type 6 receptor (5-HT(6)) in the limbic area and the high affinity of some antidepressants to 5-HT(6) receptors suggest that this receptor might be involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders. In a population-based association study, we tested the hypothesis that the allelic variant (C267T) of the human 5-HT(6) gene confers susceptibility to mood disorders. We genotyped the 5-HT(6) receptor in 139 patients with mood disorders and 147 controls. The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies between controls and all patients, or between controls and patients with bipolar disorders or major depression, separately. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 88:601-602, 1999.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
Serotonergic dysfunction has been implicated in mood disorders and suicidal behaviors. This study examined the association between a serotonin-2A (5HT2A) receptor gene polymorphism (102T/C) and mood disorders. The genotype and allele frequencies did not differ between patients with mood disorders and control subjects. Furthermore, the 102T/C polymorphism was not found to be associated with suicidal history in mood disorder patients. Our results suggest that this polymorphism is unlikely to play a role in the genetic susceptibility to mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- SJ Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, ROC
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14
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Chiu HJ, Tsai SJ, Chen JY, Lin CY, Bai YM, Song HL, Lai HC, Hong CJ. No association between an intronic presenilin-1 gene polymorphism and schizophrenia in a Chinese population. Psychiatry Res 1999; 87:245-8. [PMID: 10579558 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-1781(99)00066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the association between schizophrenic psychosis and an intronic polymorphism of the presenilin-1 (PS1) gene in a Chinese population. Schizophrenic and control groups had similar PS1 genotype distributions and allele frequencies, indicating that this polymorphism may not be involved in the development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- HJ Chiu
- Yu-Li Veterans Hospital, Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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15
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Chiu HJ, Hong CJ, Chen JY, Wang YC, Lin CY, Bai YM, Song HL, Lai HC, Tsai SJ. Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin polymorphism in schizophrenia: frequency, age at onset and cognitive function. Neuropsychobiology 1999; 40:71-4. [PMID: 10474060 DOI: 10.1159/000026600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A common polymorphism in the alpha1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) gene is associated with Alzheimer's disease. ACT is also a trophic factor in the hippocampal neurons. In order to examine if the ACT gene plays a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenic disorders, patients (n = 175) and control subjects (n = 114) were genotyped for ACT. We also investigated the relationship between genotypes and patients' cognitive function as evaluated by the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale and the Mini-Mental State Examination. The results demonstrated no association between schizophrenia and/or cognitive deficit in schizophrenia and ACT polymorphism. The data suggest that the ACT gene is not of major importance for the genesis of schizophrenia. Further studies measuring ACT expression as messenger RNA or serum ACT level may help to exclude the role of ACT in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chiu
- Section of Psychiatry, Yu-Li Veterans Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
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16
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Hong CJ, Song HL, Lai HC, Tsai SJ, Hsiao KJ. Methanol/acetone treatment helps the amplification of FMR1 CGG repeat fragment in dried blood spots from Guthrie cards. Lancet 1999; 353:1153-4. [PMID: 10209984 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(99)00172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lin CH, Tsai SJ, Yu YW, Song HL, Tu PC, Sim CB, Hsu CP, Yang KH, Hong CJ. No evidence for association of serotonin-2A receptor variant (102T/C) with schizophrenia or clozapine response in a Chinese population. Neuroreport 1999; 10:57-60. [PMID: 10094133 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-199901180-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The serotonin hypothesis in schizophrenia had regained interest with the superior efficacy of clozapine in the refractory schizophrenic patients. Among the serotonin receptors, the serotonin 2A (5HT2A) receptor subtype is the most widely studied. Previous studies on the association between a silent mutation polymorphism of the 5HT2A gene (102T/C) and schizophrenia or clozapine response have yielded conflicting findings. Therefore, we investigated whether these genetic variants of the 5HT2A receptor are associated with schizophrenia or with response to clozapine treatment in a Chinese population. Ninety-seven schizophrenic patients and 101 control subjects were included in the study. The receptor variants were found at similar frequencies in schizophrenic patients and healthy control subjects. Also, we did not find the variants to influence the response to clozapine in schizophrenic patients. We suggest that the assessment method of clozapine response and the ethnicity may influence the result.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Lin
- Kai-Suan Psychiatric Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
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Zheng RZ, Song HL, Xin J, Zhu SX, Gao XH. [The behaviour of rabbit ICM in culture system in vitro]. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao 1995; 28:1-15. [PMID: 7597864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The behaviour of ICMs isolated from early blastocysts of rabbit by microsurgery and incubated in cultural system in vitro, are varied according to the growing state of ICM. The band type growing extends from the proximal to the distal end, while the differentiation of cells in this kind initiates from the distal toward the proximal and gradually. The band type ICM possesses obvious polarity. The differentiation of different kind of cells appear one after another in order and the arrangement of differentiated germinal layer are clearcut. Therefore, the band type ICM is a good model for the investigation of differentiation cell and cell lineage. Whereas the ball type of growing ICM possesses no polarity. The cell in this type of ICM appears to differentiate from the outer surface of the ball toward the center gradually. The cellular differentiation starts later and the rate of proliferation of differentiated cells are lower than those of the band type ICM. After 7 days of incubation in vitro most of the ICM remain undifferentiation. The ball type ICM is a good model for the isolation of the embryonic stem cell line. There are two steps that the extraembryonic endoderm of rabbit are differentiated from ICM. The first kind of extraembryonic endoderm formed from ICM after 3 days of incubation in vitro. It is the parietal extraembryonic endoderm which migrate so far from the primitive ectoderm. The second kind of extraembryonic endoderm differentiates from ICM after 4 days of incubation in vitro. It is the visceral endoderm, most of which followed the migration of the first endoderm and the rest of them invade into the trophectoderm near the primitive ectoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Z Zheng
- Institute of Developmental Biology, Academia Sinica, Peking
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