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Liu CH, Nguyen HTM, Lee DY, Hsieh CL. Effect of electrode configuration in electroacupuncture on ischemic stroke treatment in rats. J Tradit Complement Med 2023; 13:588-599. [PMID: 38020550 PMCID: PMC10658373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim This study investigated the effect of the electrode configuration on EA treating ischemic stroke. Experimental procedure An ischemic stroke rat model was established. In the EA-P group, the anodes of EA were placed on the BL7 and BL8 acupoints of the lesioned, and the cathodes were placed on the BL7 and BL8 acupoints of the nonlesioned hemispheres; by contrast, in the EA-N group. Results The difference in neurological deficit scores between the first and fourth days and the difference in Rotarod test time between the fourth and first days after reperfusion were greater in the EA-P and EA-N groups than in the sham group (all p < 0.001). In the lesioned hemisphere, neuronal nuclei (NeuN), γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA)-A, postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95), and astrocyte glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) expression and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2)/glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GADPH) ratios were greater and the glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP)/GADPH ratios were smaller in the EA-P than in the sham group (all p < 0.05), but these ratios in the EA-N group were similar to those in the sham group (all p > 0.05); serum adrenaline and serotonin levels in the sham group were lower than those in the normal and EA-P groups (both p < 0.05), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glutamate levels were higher in the EA-P group than in the sham group (p < 0.05). Conclusion EA improved neurological function through multiple pathways. However, placing the anode on the lesioned hemisphere can provide more neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hsiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huong Thi Mai Nguyen
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Nguyen HTM, Billen G, Garnier J, Rochelle-Newall E, Ribolzi O, Servais P, Le QTP. Modelling of faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in the Red River basin (Vietnam). Environ Monit Assess 2016; 188:517. [PMID: 27523602 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have been published on the use of models to assess water quality through faecal contamination levels. However, the vast majority of this work has been conducted in developed countries and similar studies from developing countries in tropical regions are lacking. Here, we used the Seneque/Riverstrahler model to investigate the dynamics and seasonal distribution of total coliforms (TC), an indicator of faecal contamination, in the Red River (Northern Vietnam) and its upstream tributaries. The results of the model showed that, in general, the overall correlations between the simulated and observed values of TC follow a 1:1 relationship at all examined stations. They also showed that TC numbers were affected by both land use in terms of human and livestock populations and by hydrology (river discharge). We also developed a possible scenario based on the predicted changes in future demographics and land use in the Red River system for the 2050 horizon. Interestingly, the results showed only a limited increase of TC numbers compared with the present situation at all stations, especially in the upstream Vu Quang station and in the urban Ha Noi station. This is probably due to the dominance of diffuse sources of contamination relative to point sources. The model is to our knowledge one of the first mechanistic models able to simulate spatial and seasonal variations of microbial contamination (TC numbers) in the whole drainage network of a large regional river basin covering both urban and rural areas of a developing country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Thi Mai Nguyen
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
- iEES-Paris (IRD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INRA, UPEC, Université Paris Diderot), CC237, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Gilles Billen
- CNRS and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 7619 METIS, Box 125, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Josette Garnier
- CNRS and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 7619 METIS, Box 125, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Emma Rochelle-Newall
- iEES-Paris (IRD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INRA, UPEC, Université Paris Diderot), CC237, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Ribolzi
- IRD, UMR 5563 GET, Université Paul Sabatier, 14 Av. Edouard Belin, F-31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Servais
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques, Campus Plaine, CP221, 1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Quynh Thi Phuong Le
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam
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Garner MG, East IJ, Kompas T, Ha PV, Roche SE, Nguyen HTM. Comparison of alternatives to passive surveillance to detect foot and mouth disease incursions in Victoria, Australia. Prev Vet Med 2016; 128:78-86. [PMID: 27237393 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate strategies to enhance the early detection of foot and mouth disease incursions in Australia. Two strategies were considered. First, improving the performance of the current passive surveillance system. Second, supplementing the current passive system with active surveillance strategies based on testing animals at saleyards or through bulk milk testing of dairy herds. Simulation modelling estimated the impact of producer education and awareness by either increasing the daily probability that a farmer will report the presence of diseased animals or by reducing the proportion of the herd showing clinical signs required to trigger a disease report. Both increasing the probability of reporting and reducing the proportion of animals showing clinical signs resulted in incremental decreases in the time to detection, the size and the duration of the outbreak. A gold standard system in which all producers reported the presence of disease once 10% of the herd showed clinical signs reduced the median time to detection of the outbreak from 20 to 15days, the duration of the subsequent outbreak from 53 to 42days and the number of infected farms from 46 to 32. Bulk milk testing reduced the median time to detection by two days and the number of infected farms by six but had no impact on the duration of the outbreak. Screening of animals at saleyards provided no improvement over the current passive surveillance system alone while having significant resource issues. It is concluded that the most effective way to achieve early detection of incursions of foot and mouth disease into Victoria, Australia is to invest in improving producer reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Garner
- Animal Health Policy Branch, Commonwealth Government - Department of Agriculture, GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - I J East
- Animal Health Policy Branch, Commonwealth Government - Department of Agriculture, GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - T Kompas
- Crawford School of Public Policy, Crawford Building (132), Lennox Crossing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - P V Ha
- Crawford School of Public Policy, Crawford Building (132), Lennox Crossing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - S E Roche
- Animal Health Policy Branch, Commonwealth Government - Department of Agriculture, GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - H T M Nguyen
- Crawford School of Public Policy, Crawford Building (132), Lennox Crossing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
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