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Titus JB, Magee RM, Isakov I, Pirogov K, Korepanov S. Erratum: "Secondary electron emission detectors for neutral beam characterization on C-2W" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 89, 10I123 (2018)]. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:019903. [PMID: 32012584 DOI: 10.1063/1.5143260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J B Titus
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - R M Magee
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - I Isakov
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - K Pirogov
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - S Korepanov
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
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Đerić M, Čabarkapa V, Mitrović M, Kojić-Damjanov S, Isakov I. Fecal pancreatic elastase-1 level in diabetes type 1 and type 2. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Titus JB, Magee RM, Isakov I, Pirogov K, Korepanov S. Secondary electron emission detectors for neutral beam characterization on C-2W. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10I123. [PMID: 30399725 DOI: 10.1063/1.5037099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heating, current drive, and partial fueling from neutral beam injection are essential to sustainment of C-2W field-reversed configuration plasmas. C-2W has eight 2.1 MW neutral beams (16.8 MW of total electrical power), capable of providing a beam of 15 keV hydrogen neutrals for 30 ms. To maximize the effectiveness of neutral beam injection, duct losses must be minimized by maintaining beam alignment and optimizing beam current for minimum divergence. Each beam terminates on a vertical and horizontal array of secondary electron emission detectors (nine in the vertical, seven in the horizontal, and sharing one in the middle). The molybdenum detectors are spatially separated to characterize the beam size and alignment. With knowledge of the geometry of the vacuum ducts and horizontal and vertical beam profiles from test stand measurements, the focal length, divergence, and power loss were calculated. Through characterization, the set of neutral beams are optimized to inject up to 12 MW of power into the confinement vessel throughout the plasma discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Titus
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - R M Magee
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - I Isakov
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - K Pirogov
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - S Korepanov
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
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Beardsley RP, Parkes DE, Zemen J, Bowe S, Edmonds KW, Reardon C, Maccherozzi F, Isakov I, Warburton PA, Campion RP, Gallagher BL, Cavill SA, Rushforth AW. Effect of lithographically-induced strain relaxation on the magnetic domain configuration in microfabricated epitaxially grown Fe 81Ga 19. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42107. [PMID: 28186114 PMCID: PMC5301210 DOI: 10.1038/srep42107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the role of lithographically-induced strain relaxation in a micron-scaled device fabricated from epitaxial thin films of the magnetostrictive alloy Fe81Ga19. The strain relaxation due to lithographic patterning induces a magnetic anisotropy that competes with the magnetocrystalline and shape induced anisotropies to play a crucial role in stabilising a flux-closing domain pattern. We use magnetic imaging, micromagnetic calculations and linear elastic modelling to investigate a region close to the edges of an etched structure. This highly-strained edge region has a significant influence on the magnetic domain configuration due to an induced magnetic anisotropy resulting from the inverse magnetostriction effect. We investigate the competition between the strain-induced and shape-induced anisotropy energies, and the resultant stable domain configurations, as the width of the bar is reduced to the nanoscale range. Understanding this behaviour will be important when designing hybrid magneto-electric spintronic devices based on highly magnetostrictive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Beardsley
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - D E Parkes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - J Zemen
- Department of Physics, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - S Bowe
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.,Diamond Light Source Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE UK
| | - K W Edmonds
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - C Reardon
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - F Maccherozzi
- Diamond Light Source Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE UK
| | - I Isakov
- Department of Physics, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,London Centre of Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - P A Warburton
- London Centre of Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - R P Campion
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - B L Gallagher
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - S A Cavill
- Diamond Light Source Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE UK.,Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - A W Rushforth
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Isakov I, Panfilova M, Sourribes MJL, Tileli V, Porter AE, Warburton PA. InAs(1-x)P(x) nanowires grown by catalyst-free molecular-beam epitaxy. Nanotechnology 2013; 24:085707. [PMID: 23386103 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/8/085707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report on the self-catalysed growth of vertical InAs(1-x)P(x) nanowires on Si(111) substrates by solid-source molecular-beam epitaxy. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the mixed wurtzite and zincblende structure of the nanowires. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction measurements were used to study the phosphorus content x in the InAs(1-x)P(x) nanowires, which was shown to be in the range 0-10 %. The dependence of phosphorus incorporation in the nanowires on the phosphorus flux in the growth chamber was investigated. The incorporation rate coefficients of As and P in InAs(1x)P(x) nanowires were found to be in the ratio 10 ± 5 to 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Isakov
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, UK.
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Sourribes MJL, Isakov I, Panfilova M, Warburton PA. Minimization of the contact resistance between InAs nanowires and metallic contacts. Nanotechnology 2013; 24:045703. [PMID: 23299854 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/4/045703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigate different processes for optimizing the formation of Ohmic contacts to InAs nanowires. The nanowires are grown via molecular beam epitaxy without the use of metal catalysts. Metallic contacts are attached to the nanowires by using an electron beam lithography process. Before deposition of the contacts, the InAs nanowires are treated either by wet etching in an ammonium polysulfide (NH(4))(2)S(x) solution or by an argon milling process in order to remove a surface oxide layer. Two-point electrical measurements show that the resistance of the ammonium polysulfide-treated nanowires is two orders of magnitude lower than that of the untreated nanowires. The nanowires that are treated by the argon milling process show a resistance which is more than an order of magnitude lower than that of those treated with ammonium polysulfide. Four-point measurements allow us to extract an upper bound of 1.4 × 10(-7) Ω cm(2) for the contact resistivity of metallic contacts on nanowires treated by the argon milling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J L Sourribes
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK.
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Del Rosso T, Giammanco F, Anderson MG, Conti F, Balvis A, Isakov I, Matvienko V, Strashnoy G, Waggoner W, Bonelli L, Paganini E, Binderbauer MW. Long-path second-harmonic interferometer with nanosecond time resolution: reliable diagnostic tool for electron density measurement in pulsed plasma devices. Opt Lett 2012; 37:3855-3857. [PMID: 23041882 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.003855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe the performance of a second-harmonic interferometer (SHI) to measure, on an optical path exceeding 12 m, the electron plasma density of two plasmoids formed in separate theta-pinch chambers and then merged in a central compression chamber after undergoing acceleration and compression. The excellent mechanical stability and a time resolution better than 50 ns suggest the application of SHI, especially in pulsed plasma devices with limited optical accesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Del Rosso
- Department of Physics E. Fermi, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. ‑rio.br
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Binderbauer MW, Guo HY, Tuszewski M, Putvinski S, Sevier L, Barnes D, Rostoker N, Anderson MG, Andow R, Bonelli L, Brandi F, Brown R, Bui DQ, Bystritskii V, Ceccherini F, Clary R, Cheung AH, Conroy KD, Deng BH, Dettrick SA, Douglass JD, Feng P, Galeotti L, Garate E, Giammanco F, Glass FJ, Gornostaeva O, Gota H, Gupta D, Gupta S, Kinley JS, Knapp K, Korepanov S, Hollins M, Isakov I, Jose VA, Li XL, Luo Y, Marsili P, Mendoza R, Meekins M, Mok Y, Necas A, Paganini E, Pegoraro F, Pousa-Hijos R, Primavera S, Ruskov E, Qerushi A, Schmitz L, Schroeder JH, Sibley A, Smirnov A, Song Y, Sun X, Thompson MC, Van Drie AD, Walters JK, Wyman MD. Dynamic formation of a hot field reversed configuration with improved confinement by supersonic merging of two colliding high-β compact toroids. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:045003. [PMID: 20867853 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.045003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A hot stable field-reversed configuration (FRC) has been produced in the C-2 experiment by colliding and merging two high-β plasmoids preformed by the dynamic version of field-reversed θ-pinch technology. The merging process exhibits the highest poloidal flux amplification obtained in a magnetic confinement system (over tenfold increase). Most of the kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy with total temperature (T{i}+T{e}) exceeding 0.5 keV. The final FRC state exhibits a record FRC lifetime with flux confinement approaching classical values. These findings should have significant implications for fusion research and the physics of magnetic reconnection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Binderbauer
- Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., Post Office Box 7010, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
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Abstract
To assess vascular compliance in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), or antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) positivity in comparison to healthy people and diabetes mellitus patients. Twenty-five patients with APS or aPLs, 33 healthy people (HP), 28 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) underwent pulse wave analysis. Data calculated included the small artery elasticity (SAE), large artery elasticity (LAE) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Statistical analysis was performed as appropriate. The patient group was divided into two subgroups: APS-1 with warfarin treatment, and APS-2 without warfarin treatment. All patients and healthy subjects were matched by gender, body mass index and lipid profiles. Patients in APS-1 group were significantly younger in comparison to three other groups. After the adjustment for age, we found that SAE in APS-1 group did not differ from SAE in the HP group (6.4+/-1.8 ml/mmHg x 100 and 5.54+/-3.4 ml/mmHg x 100, respectively, P>0.05). In contrast, SAE in the group APS-2 was significantly lower (3.41+/-1.2 ml/mmHg x 100) than in the APS-1 and was almost equal to SAE in the DM group (4.2+/-2.37 ml/mmHg x 100). The SAE in the APS-2, DM and HP groups was inversely correlated with age, whereas in the APS-1 group we did not find such correlation. This pilot study showed abnormal small vascular elasticity in the patients with positive aPL, relative to the healthy subjects. The APS patients, treated with warfarin had the normal vascular function. This data support the hypothesis that APS may be associated with diffuse changes in the arterial wall, and may be a risk factor for atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Reitblat
- Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic, Barzilai Medical Centre, Ashkelon, Israel.
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Abstract
We describe a new technique for safely concluding manual extracapsular cataract extraction in the presence of a rupture of the interior zonules. A lens glide is inserted in the anterior chamber. The tip of the glide is placed in the inferior part of the capsular bag, pushing it toward the ciliary sulcus at 6 o'clock. The extraocular part of the glide is sutured to the sclera to prevent its displacement during manipulation of the eye. The glide spreads the rolled inferior capsule, allowing aspiration of retained cortical material and in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation. The glide is then removed. This technique was used in 12 eyes with pseudoexfoliation in which the complication occurred. No vitreous loss, lens displacement, or other intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Isakov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Holon, Israel
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Abstract
We present a technique for planned manual extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) incorporating a modification of mini-nuc ECCE in which the scleral tunnel is made wide enough to allow a nucleus of any size to settle in the tunnel. A 5.0 mm, inverted-V chevron incision is used in which the exposed part of the nucleus lodged in the scleral pocket can be manually picked and fragmented until it is small enough to be removed through the incision. The chevron incision is flexible enough to allow a medium-sized nucleus to be extracted without fragmentation and implantation of a rigid 6.0 mm poly(methyl methacrylate) lens. Vector analysis of preoperative and 3 month postoperative keratometric results in 30 patients showed that the surgically induced vector was 0.54 diopter (D) +/- 0.58 (SD). Mean reduction in astigmatism was 0.08 +/- 0.39 D. The sutureless technique is fast and safe, allows a nucleus of any size to be extracted through a constant size 5.0 mm incision, and results in minimal postoperative astigmatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bartov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Holon, Israel
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Abstract
Cleaning the posterior capsule is an important step in cataract microsurgery to prevent early postoperative visual impairment. A simple method for cleaning posterior lens capsule opacities during extracapsular cataract extraction is described. A straight 20-gauge cannula with a 0.3 mm anterior aspiration port, attached to a syringe with the piston removed, allows safe polishing in a deep anterior chamber. The described procedure has been safely performed in more than 300 operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Isakov
- Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
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Singer L, Romen M, Isakov I. [Rare general side-effects after timolol eyedrops in glaucoma]. Harefuah 1987; 113:288-9. [PMID: 3440534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Meltzer U, Isakov I, Romen M. [Unilateral blindness due to acute retinal necrosis]. Harefuah 1987; 113:292-4. [PMID: 3440535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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