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Selek S, Esrefoglu M, Meral I, Bulut H, Caglar HG, Sonuc G, Yildiz C, Teloglu ES, Dogan N, Yuce B, Tiftik E, Bayindir N. Effects of Oenothera biennis L. and Hypericum perforatum L. extracts on some central nervous system myelin proteins, brain histopathology and oxidative stress in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Biotech Histochem 2019; 94:75-83. [PMID: 30957550 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1482001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of Oenothera biennis L. and Hypericum perforatum L. extracts on brain tissue histopathology, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), myelin basic protein (MBP), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Forty-seven C57BL/6J mice were divided into the following groups: multiple sclerosis (MS), control (healthy mice), MS + H. perforatum treated (MS + HP), MS + O. biennis treated (MS + OB). All groups except the control group were immunized by EAE methods. Two weeks after the immunization, the mice in the MS + HP group were fed normal food containing 18 - 21 g/kg H. perforatum extract, the mice in MS + OB group were fed normal food containing 18 - 21 g/kg O. biennis extract, and the mice in control and MS groups were fed normal food for six weeks. Brain tissue samples were collected from all mice for histopathological and biochemical analysis. Clinical signs of the disease were scored using functional systems scores (FSS) daily. The H. perforatum and O. biennis extracts ameliorated the increased brain tissue MOG and MBP values for animals with MS. H. perforatum and O. biennis extract decreased the TOS and OSI values for brain tissue and increased TAS levels in brain tissue of animals with MS. In addition, H. perforatum and O. biennis extracts decreased the clinical signs at the end of the experiment compared to the beginning of extract administration. We found that myelin was lost in MS group vs. control group. H. perforatum and O. biennis extract treatments decreased the amount of myelin loss in the MS + HP and MS + OB groups. We also observed amyloid deposition on vascular walls, in the cytoplasm of the neurons and in the intercellular space in the MS group. O. biennis and H. perforatum treated groups exhibited neither abnormal amyloid deposition nor obvious cell infiltration. The beneficial effects of O. biennis and H. perforatum for attenuating myelin loss and amyloid deposition suggest their therapeutic utility for treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Selek
- a Departments of Medical Biochemistry , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - M Esrefoglu
- b Histology and Embryology , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - I Meral
- c Physiology Faculty of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - H Bulut
- a Departments of Medical Biochemistry , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - H G Caglar
- a Departments of Medical Biochemistry , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - G Sonuc
- d School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - C Yildiz
- d School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - E S Teloglu
- d School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - N Dogan
- d School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - B Yuce
- d School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - E Tiftik
- d School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - N Bayindir
- b Histology and Embryology , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
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Meydan S, Esrefoglu M, Selek S, Akbas Tosunoglu E, Ozturk O, Kurbetli N, Bayındır N, Bulut H, Meral I. Protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and thymoquinone on toluene induced liver toxicity. Biotech Histochem 2019; 94:277-282. [PMID: 30821514 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1554825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Toluene is an organic solvent that is toxic to humans. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and thymoquinone (TQ) exhibit antioxidant and antitoxic effects. We investigated the protective effects of CAPE and TQ on toluene induced hepatotoxicity. Wistar albino rats were divided into seven groups of eight. The animals were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 0.1 ml/10 g/day corn oil (control I), 0.1 ml/10 g/day corn oil + 2 ml/kg/day 10% ethanol (control II), 20 mg/kg/day TQ dissolved in 0.1 ml/10 g corn oil (TQ), 10 µmol/kg/day CAPE dissolved in 10% ethanol (CAPE), 500 mg/kg/day toluene (T), toluene and TQ together (T + TQ), or toluene and CAPE together (T + CAPE). All rats were sacrificed on day 15. Liver samples were obtained for histological analysis. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured to evaluate liver function. Liver sections from the control I and TQ groups exhibited normal histology. Sections from the T group exhibited sinusoid dilation, hemorrhage, vacuolization and necrosis. TQ and CAPE protected against toluene induced histopathological changes. AST and ALT levels were increased significantly in T group compared to both control groups. CAPE decreased significantly the toluene induced increase in AST and ALT levels, while TQ did not. CAPE and TQ exhibited some antitoxic and hepato-protective effects on toluene induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Meydan
- a School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - M Esrefoglu
- b School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - S Selek
- c School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - E Akbas Tosunoglu
- d School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy , Biruni University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - O Ozturk
- e Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery , Biruni University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - N Kurbetli
- f School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy , Pamukkale University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - N Bayındır
- b School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - H Bulut
- c School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - I Meral
- g School of Medicine, Department of Physiology , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
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Meral I, Pala M, Akbas F, Ustunova S, Yildiz C, Demirel MH. Effects of thymoquinone on liver miRNAs and oxidative stress in Ehrlich acid mouse solid tumor model. Biotech Histochem 2018; 93:301-308. [PMID: 29611713 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1437472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on the expression of liver microRNAs (miRNAs), liver histopathology and oxidative stress in Ehrlich acid solid tumor model induced mice. We used 24 male BALB/c mice divided randomly into three groups. Control (C) group mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 0.5 ml saline for four weeks. Tumor (T) group mice were injected i.p. with 0.5 ml saline for four weeks, then Ehrlich acid tumor cells were injected subcutaneously into the neck to induce solid tumor formation. TQ (T + Tq) group mice injected i.p. with 10 mg/kg TQ for four weeks, then Ehrlich acid tumor cells were injected subcutaneously into the neck of the mice in this group to induce solid tumor formation. At the end of the study, liver from all groups were removed for histopathological and miRNAs analysis, and oxidative stress measurement. We found that the expression of miR-206b-3p was up-regulated and the oxidative stress and necrosis increased in the liver tissue of mice with Ehrlich acid solid tumor. TQ application decreased the oxidative stress, prevented necrosis, increased regeneration and down-regulated the expression of miR-206b-3p in the liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Meral
- a Department of Physiology, School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul
| | - M Pala
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine , Biruni University , Istanbul
| | - F Akbas
- c Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul
| | - S Ustunova
- a Department of Physiology, School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul
| | - C Yildiz
- d School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - M H Demirel
- d School of Medicine , Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
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Meral I, Esrefoglu M, Dar KA, Ustunova S, Aydin MS, Demirtas M, Arifoglu Y. Effects of Nigella sativa on apoptosis and GABA A receptor density in cerebral cortical and hippocampal neurons in pentylenetetrazol induced kindling in rats. Biotech Histochem 2017; 91:493-500. [PMID: 27849392 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2016.1245866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of Nigella sativa on apoptosis and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor density in cerebral cortical and hippocampal neurons in a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindling model in rats. The PTZ kindling model was produced by injecting PTZ in subconvulsive doses to rats on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22 and 24 of the study into animals of PTZ treated (PTZ) and PTZ + N. sativa treated (PTZ + NS) groups. Clonic and tonic seizures were induced by injecting a convulsive dose of PTZ on day 26 of the study. Rats in the PTZ + NS group were treated also with a 10 mg/kg methanolic extract of N. sativa 2 h before each PTZ injection. Rats in the control group were treated with 4 ml/kg saline. The number of neurons that expressed GABAA receptors in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of rats in the PTZ and PTZ + NS groups increased significantly. There was no significant difference in the number of GABAA receptors between the PTZ and PTZ + NS groups. GABAA receptor density of the neurons in the cerebral cortex, but not hippocampus, was increased in PTZ group compared to controls. We observed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic neurons in the cerebral cortex of rats of both the PTZ and PTZ + NS groups compared to controls. We observed a significant decrease in the number of the apoptotic neurons in the cerebral cortex of rats in the PTZ + NS group compared to the PTZ group. N. sativa treatment ameliorated the PTZ induced neurodegeneration in the cerebral cortex as reflected by neuronal apoptosis and neuronal GABAA receptor frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Meral
- a Department of Physiology , School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - M Esrefoglu
- b Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - K A Dar
- c Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - S Ustunova
- a Department of Physiology , School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - M S Aydin
- b Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - M Demirtas
- a Department of Physiology , School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Y Arifoglu
- d Department of Anatomy , School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
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Eris AH, Kiziltan HS, Meral I, Genc H, Trabzon M, Seyithanoglu H, Yagci B, Uysal O. Effect of Short-term 900 MHz low level electromagnetic radiation exposure on blood serotonin and glutamate levels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 116:101-3. [DOI: 10.4149/bll_2015_019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by cellular phones (CPs) on electrocardiograms (ECGs) of guinea pigs. A total of 30 healthy guinea pigs weighing 500-800 g were used. After 1 week of adaptation period, animals were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n = 10) and EMF-exposed group (n = 20). Control guinea pigs were housed in a separate room without exposing them to EMFs of CPs. Animals in second group were exposed to 890-915 MHz EMF (217 Hz of pulse rate, 2 W of maximum peak power and 0.95 wt kg(-1) of specific absorption rate) for 12 h day(-1) (11 h 45 min stand-by and 15 min speaking mode) for 30 days. ECGs of guinea pigs in both the groups were recorded by a direct writing electrocardiograph at the beginning and 10th, 20th and 30th days of the experiment. All ECGs were standardized at 1 mV = 10 mm and with a chart speed of 50 mm sec(-1). Leads I, II, III, lead augmented vector right (aVR), lead augmented vector left (aVL) and lead augmented vector foot (aVF) were recorded. The durations and amplitudes of waves on the trace were measured in lead II. The data were expressed as mean with SEM. It was found that 12 h day(-1) EMF exposure for 30 days did not have any significant effects on ECG findings of guinea pigs. However, this issue needed to be further investigated in a variety of perspectives, such as longer duration of exposure to be able to elucidate the effects of mobile phone-induced EMFs on cardiovascular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Meral
- 1Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Yuksel MB, Kavak S, Gecit I, Basel H, Gümrükçüoğlu HA, Demir H, Meral I. Short-term levosimendan treatment protects rat testes against oxidative stress. Braz J Med Biol Res 2012; 45:716-20. [PMID: 22584643 PMCID: PMC3854241 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of short-term levosimendan exposure on oxidant/antioxidant status and trace element levels in the testes of rats under physiological conditions. Twenty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into two groups of 10 animals each. Group 1 was not exposed to levosimendan and served as control. Levosimendan (12 µg/kg) diluted in 10 mL 0.9% NaCl was administered intraperitoneally to group 2. Animals of both groups were sacrificed after 3 days and their testes were harvested for the determination of changes in tissue oxidant/antioxidant status and trace element levels. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly lower in the levosimendan group (P < 0.001) than in the untreated control group and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were significantly higher in the levosimendan group (P < 0.001). Carbonic anhydrase, catalase and GSH levels were not significantly different from controls. Mg and Zn levels of testes were significantly higher (P < 0.001) and Co, Pb, Cd, Mn, and Cu were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in group 2 compared to group 1. Fe levels were similar for the two groups (P = 0.94). These results suggest that 3-day exposure to levosimendan induced a significant decrease in tissue MDA level, which is a lipid peroxidation product and an indicator of oxidative stress, and a significant increase in the activity of an important number of the enzymes that protect against oxidative stress in rat testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Yuksel
- Urology Clinic, The State Hospital of Mus, Mus, Turkey
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Melek M, Demir H, Bilici S, Beger B, Çobanoğlu U, Meral I, Keskin S, Ozmen E. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Newborns with Oesophageal Atresia and Their Mothers. J Int Med Res 2012; 40:249-257. [DOI: 10.1177/147323001204000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To measure the oxidant/antioxidant status of newborn babies with oesophageal atresia and their mothers, compared with healthy control subjects. METHODS: This case—control study included 40 participants: 10 newborns with oesophageal atresia and their mothers, and 10 healthy newborns and their mothers. Whole blood malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, carbonic anhydrase [CA], glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G-6-PD], and superoxide dismutase [SOD]) were measured. RESULTS: MDA levels and CA activity were significantly higher, and catalase, SOD and G-6-PD activities were significantly lower, in newborns with oesophageal atresia and their mothers than in healthy newborns and their mothers. Although CA activity was similar between the newborns and mothers in the patient group, it was significantly lower in newborns than in mothers in the healthy group. CONCLUSIONS: Increased lipid peroxidation might play an important role in the pathogenesis of oesophageal atresia. Impairment of the free radical/antioxidant balance may lead to increased free radical and decreased antioxidant levels in oesophageal atresia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Melek
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Van, Turkey
| | - H Demir
- Department of Biochemistry, Art and Science Faculty, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Van, Turkey
| | - S Bilici
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Van, Turkey
| | - B Beger
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Van, Turkey
| | - U Çobanoğlu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Van, Turkey
| | - I Meral
- Department of Physiology, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Van, Turkey
| | - S Keskin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Van, Turkey
| | - E Ozmen
- Department of Gynaecology, Medical Faculty, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Van, Turkey
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The inability to image the vitreous humor of the eye adequately hinders a complete understanding of its normal structure and the changes occurring in aging and disease. The purpose of the present study was to reveal normative data and age-related changes of the vitreous humor by using DWI. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 160 patients were enrolled in the present study. Patients were divided into 8 groups according to decade of age, and each group was of equal size with 20 patients. The ADCs were determined for each vitreous humor. Each determination was obtained by using average regions of interest of 50 ± 2 mm(2). ADC values were then plotted against age. RESULTS The ADC values obtained from group 0 (0-10 years of age) were statistically different from those of all other groups (P < .05). Group 1 (11-20 years of age) was statistically different from groups 3, 5, 6, and 7 (P < .05). A trend toward increased ADC values with increasing age was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Besides the statistically significant difference between pediatric and adult patients, a statistically insignificant trend of increased ADC values among aging adults has been demonstrated. These normative data contribute to our understanding of how DWI can aid in the diagnosis of age-related changes in eye health and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Meral
- Department of Radiology, Kirikkale Universitesi Medicine Faculty, Turkey
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Kanter M, Meral I, Dede S, Gunduz H, Cemek M, Ozbek H, Uygan I. Effects of Nigella sativa L. and Urtica dioica L. on Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidant Enzyme Systems and Some Liver Enzymes in CCl4-Treated Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 50:264-8. [PMID: 14567515 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2003.00537.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects Nigella sativa L. (NS) and Urtica dioica L. (UD) on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme systems and some liver enzymes in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated rats. A total of 60 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were utilized in this study. The rats were randomly allotted into one of four experimental groups: A (CCl4-only treated), B (CCl4 + UD treated), C (CCl4 + NS treated) and D (CCl4 + UD + NS treated), each containing 15 animals. All groups received CCl4 [0.8 ml/kg of body weight, subcutaneously, twice a week for 90 days starting day 1]. In addition, B, C and D groups also received daily intraperitoneal injections of 0.2 ml/kg NS or/and 2 ml/kg UD oils for 45 days starting day 46. Group A, on the other hand, received only 2 ml/kg normal saline solution for 45 days starting day 46. Blood samples for the biochemical analysis were taken by cardiac puncture from five randomly chosen rats in each treatment group at beginning, at 45th and at 90th day of the experiment. The CCl4 treatment for 45 days increased the lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes, and also decreased the antioxidant enzyme levels. NS or UD treatments (alone or combination) for 45 days starting day 46 decreased the elevated lipid peroxidation and liver enzyme levels and also increased the reduced antioxidant enzyme levels. Live weights of the rats decreased in group A, and increased in groups B, C and D. It is concluded that NS and UD decrease the lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes, and increase the antioxidant defence system activity in the CCl4-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kanter
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van, Turkey.
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Dönmez HH, Karsl MA, Meral I, Dönmez N, Simşek N. Effects of increasing zinc supplementation in drinking water on growth and thyroid gland function and histology in broiler chicks. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 2002; 109:438-42. [PMID: 12448974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of increasing zinc supplementation on growth, feed efficiency and thyroid function and histology in broiler chicks. Sixty new born male broiler chicks were randomly allotted into one of four treatment groups and fed for 60 d. Zinc (Zn) was added into drinking water at the levels of 0, 125, 500, and 1000 mg Zn/L. Body weight gain were significantly higher and feed efficiency were significantly lower in chicks supplemented with 125 mg Zn/L compared with chicks supplemented with 500 or 1000 mg Zn/L at the end of the experiment. Serum Zn concentration linearly increased with the increasing level of Zn intake. Serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels and the diameters of follicles of thyroid gland were significantly reduced with high levels (500 and 1000 mg Zn/L) of Zn intake at the end of the experiment. It was concluded that chick receiving 1000 mg Zn/L as ZnSO4.7H2O in drinking water showed signs of Zn toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Dönmez
- University of Yüzüncü Yil, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Histology Dept., Van, Turkey
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Dede S, Deger Y, Meral I. Effect of short-term hypothermia on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity in rats. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2002; 49:286-8. [PMID: 12227469 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2002.00449.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of short-term hypothermia on blood malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) concentrations in rats. Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were used weighing 180-200 g and on average 3.5 months old. They were randomly divided into two experimental groups: control (without cooling) and hypothermic (with cooling). The rats of the hypothermic group were cooled by immersion into cold water (10-12 degrees C), and the control rats were immersed into water of body temperature (37 degrees C) up to the neck without using any anaesthetic or tranquilizer for 3 min Rectal body temperatures of both groups were measured and blood samples to analyse MDA, GSH, SOD, GSH, GSH-Px and G-6-PD were collected immediately after the treatment. It was found that the MDA level was higher and the GSH and G-6-PD levels were lower in the hypothermic group than those in the controls. There was no difference between the control or hypothermic group regarding SOD or GSH-Px levels. It is concluded that acute hypothermia increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased the GSH and G-6-PD levels in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dede
- Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi, Veteriner Fakultesi, Biyokimya Anabilim Dali, Van, Turkey.
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Meral I, Hsu W, Hembrough FB. Digoxin- and monensin-induced changes of intracellular Ca2+ concentration in isolated guinea-pig ventricular myocyte. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2002; 49:329-33. [PMID: 12227477 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2002.00414.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the possible mechanisms of actions of monensin and digoxin by using isolated guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. Since Ca2+ is the major signal for triggering contraction of cardiac muscle, the objective of this study was to determine whether monensin and digoxin affect the [Ca2+]i of cardiac myocytes and if so is this effect due to an increase in [Na+]i. Three different concentrations of digoxin (0.3, 1 and 3 micromol/l) and three different concentrations of monensin (0.3, 1 and 3 micromol/l) were used. Each treatment was monitored for two hours by using computerized fluoroscopy. Both digoxin and monensin increased the [Ca2+]i and accelerated the onset time of [Ca2+]i increase in a dose-dependent manner. Normal myocytes (loaded with fura-2 for 30 min before the treatment) were also compared with 'weakened' myocytes (loaded with fura-2 for 3 h before the treatment to create a 'weakened' condition). It was found that although 0.3 micromol/l monensin and digoxin did not change the [Ca2+]i in normal myocytes, they increased the [Ca2 +]i in 'weakened' myocytes. Finally, a Na+-free medium was used to demonstrate the effect of [Na+]o on both monensin- and digoxin-induced increases in [Ca2+]i. It was found that digoxin did not increase the [Ca2+]i in the Na+-free medium. Although monensin increased the [Ca2+]i in the Na+-free solution, this increase was not as large as in the Na+-containing medium. The results of the study led to the conclusion that the positive inotropic effect of digoxin depends on [Na+]o. However, monensin increases [Ca2+]i in Na+-dependent and -independent ways. An addition conclusion was that 'weakened' myocytes are more sensitive to the monensin and digoxin treatment than normal myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Meral
- Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi, Veteriner Fakultesi, Fizyoloji Anabilim Dali, Van, Turkey.
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Meral I, Hembrough FB, Bailey TB, Hsu W. Functional changes in isolated guinea-pig papillary muscle induced by monensin and digoxin. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2002; 49:51-6. [PMID: 11913827 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2002.00391.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects of digoxin and monensin on contraction force (CF), initial contraction velocity (ICV), average contraction velocity (ACV), initial relaxation velocity (IRV) and stimulus to response time (ST) in 'fatigued' (tired) and 'non-fatigued' (fresh) guinea-pig papillary muscles were investigated. 'Fatigued' muscles had lost 30% of their original CF with the elapse of time before they were treated. The 5 h of measurement were divided into five periods (T0 was equilibration, T1, T2, T3 and T4 were, respectively, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after drug administration). It was found that both monensin and digoxin increased the CF, ICV and ACV at T1 and increased the IRV at T2. Digoxin lost its effect with the elapse of time while monensin did not. Digoxin also decreased the ST at T2, T3 and T4. However, monensin did not change the ST. It was also found that 'fatigued' and 'non-fatigued' guinea-pig papillary muscles did not respond to the drug treatment differently. It was concluded that the initial effects of these two drugs on guinea-pig papillary muscles are similar regarding contractility but in time digoxin loses its effect while monensin does not.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Meral
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames 50010, USA.
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Meral I, Yener Z, Kahraman T, Mert N. Effect of Nigella sativa on glucose concentration, lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidant defence system and liver damage in experimentally-induced diabetic rabbits. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2001; 48:593-9. [PMID: 11848252 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2001.00393.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate whether Nigella sativa could decrease the lipid peroxidation, increase the anti-oxidant defence system and also prevent the lipid-peroxidation-induced liver damage in experimentally induced diabetic rabbits. Fifteen New Zealand male rabbits were divided into three experimental groups: control, diabetic and diabetic and N. sativa-treated. The diabetes mellitus (DMI) was induced in the rabbits using 150 mg/kg of 10% alloxan. The diabetic + N. sativa-treated group was given extract of N. sativa seeds orally every day for 2 months after induction of DM. At the end of the 2-month experiment, blood samples were collected to measure malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), ceruloplasmin and glucose concentration, and livers were harvested for histopathological analysis. Treatment with N. sativa decreased the elevated glucose and MDA concentrations, increased the lowered GSH and ceruloplasmin concentrations, and prevented lipid-peroxidation-induced liver damage in diabetic rabbits. It was concluded that N. sativa might be used in diabetic patients to prevent lipid peroxidation, increase anti-oxidant defence system activity and also prevent liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Meral
- Department of Physiology, Veterinary Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.
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