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Gambichler T, Krogias C, Tischoff I, Tannapfel A, Gold R, Susok L. Bilateral giant cell arteritis with skin necrosis following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:e83. [PMID: 34726769 PMCID: PMC8652593 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Gambichler
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - C Krogias
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - I Tischoff
- Institute of Pathology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - A Tannapfel
- Institute of Pathology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - R Gold
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - L Susok
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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2
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Gambichler T, Boms S, Hessam S, Tischoff I, Tannapfel A, Lüttringhaus T, Beckman J, Stranzenbach R. Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma with marked spontaneous regression of organ manifestation after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:1259-1262. [PMID: 34228815 PMCID: PMC8444914 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Gambichler
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - S Boms
- Department of Dermatology, Christian Hospital Unna, Unna, Germany
| | - S Hessam
- Department of Dermatology, Christian Hospital Unna, Unna, Germany
| | - I Tischoff
- Institute of Pathology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - A Tannapfel
- Institute of Pathology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - T Lüttringhaus
- Haemato-Oncological Outpatient Clinic, Christian Hospital Unna, Unna, Germany
| | - J Beckman
- Department of Radiology, Christian Hospital Unna, Unna, Germany
| | - R Stranzenbach
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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3
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Abstract
Polyps of the gastrointestinal tract encompass a variety of epithelial and non-epithelial tumour-like conditions. The most common polyps are epithelial lesions. In the upper gastrointestinal tract, reactive inflammatory changes and hyperplastic polyps dominate, whereas true neoplastic polyps, like adenomas, are much more common in the colorectum. In addition to neoplasias such as adenomas, non-neoplastic polyps such as hyperplastic polyps of the stomach may also be associated with an increased risk of malignancy. The risk of malignancy is determined by the histological subtype of polyp, as well as the size, presence and degree of dysplasia. The term "dysplasia" has been reintroduced for adenomas in the current 2019 World Health Organization (WHO) classification and replaces "intraepithelial neoplasia". A further change is the term "sessile serrated lesion" with and without dysplasia, which was formerly known as sessile serrated adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tischoff
- Institut für Pathologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Deutschland.
| | - A Tannapfel
- Institut für Pathologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Deutschland
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Abstract
Malignant mesotheliomas are rare and aggressive tumours arising from mesothelial cells of the pleura and peritoneum. Infrequent sites of origin are the pericardium and tunica vaginalis testis. More than 80% of mesotheliomas are localized in the pleura. Men are more frequently affected than women. The median age is >60 years. Asbestos exposure is the best known aetilogical risk factor and is reported in 54-90% of patients. In Germany, malignant mesotheliomas caused by occupational asbestos exposure are compensated as occupational disease since 1977. Several neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions like metastasis, sarcomas, lymphomas or pleuritis with reactive mesothelial proliferation have to be distinguished from malignant mesotheliomas. Especially, the pathohistological differentiation between atypical reactive mesothelial proliferation from malignant mesothelioma is a diagnostic challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tischoff
- Institut für Pathologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum am Berufsgenossenschaftlichen Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44879, Bochum, Deutschland.
| | - A Tannapfel
- Institut für Pathologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum am Berufsgenossenschaftlichen Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44879, Bochum, Deutschland
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Schmack I, Breil P, Kriwalsky M, Kunkel M, Tischoff I. Orbitale Metastase als „Erstmanifestation“ eines typischen Karzinoids der Lunge. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2013; 230:684-5. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1328614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - P. Breil
- Augenheilkunde, Augenzentrum Siegburg
| | - M. Kriwalsky
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum
| | - M. Kunkel
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum
| | - I. Tischoff
- Institut für Pathologie, Berufsgenossenschaftliches Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Bochum
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Abstract
Preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy is a well-established and essential part of the interdisciplinary treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. Neoadjuvant treatment leads to regressive changes in tumors. To evaluate the histological tumor response different scoring systems describing regressive changes are used and known as tumor regression grading. Tumor regression grading is usually based on the presence of residual vital tumor cells in proportion to the total tumor size. Currently, no nationally or internationally accepted grading systems exist. In general, common guidelines should be used in the pathohistological diagnostics of tumors after neoadjuvant therapy. In particularly, the standard tumor grading will be replaced by tumor regression grading. Furthermore, tumors after neoadjuvant treatment are marked with the prefix "y" in the TNM classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tischoff
- Institut für Pathologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, BG Universitätskliniken Bergmannsheil, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Deutschland.
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8
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Kampfenkel T, Tischoff I, Bonhag H, Eckardt M, Schmiegel W, Tannapfel A, Reinacher-Schick A, Viebahn R. [Chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis in patients with colorectal cancer and surgery on hepatic metastasis: clinical validation of a histopathological scoring system and preoperative risk assessment]. Z Gastroenterol 2011; 49:1407-11. [PMID: 21964894 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1281749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) can only be cured by complete resection of the tumour. Primarily unresectable metastases of the liver are treated by chemotherapy to achieve down-sizing of metastasis and curative resection. Chemotherapy can affect tumour-free healthy liver tissue and lead to histopathological and functional changes summarised as "chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis" (CASH). We have evaluated a histopathological scoring system for CASH and searched for preoperative risk factors for the development of CASH. Liver alterations such as CASH were more pronounced when patients received chemotherapy, especially when treated with oxaliplatin. A higher BMI, male sex and elevated serum transaminases were risk factors for the development of CASH. Patients with a higher CASH score, reflecting more advanced changes in liver tissue, had a higher serum peak bilirubin level postoperatively. We did not find a higher morbidity or mortality in patients with a more severe liver damage measured by the CASH score.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kampfenkel
- Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-Universität Bochum.
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Abstract
Colorectal carcinomas are the third most common malignant tumours worldwide with an incidence of 570,000 per year. According to their molecular mechanisms, sporadic colorectal carcinomas can be divided into two different phenotypes. The genetic phenotype, 50 to 70 % of all sporadic colorectal carcinomas, is characterised by a chromosomal instability (CIN) with the classical adenoma-carcinoma sequence due to alteration of the APC-betacatenin pathway with p53 mutations, SMAD alterations and LOH (loss of heterozygositiy) of 5q, 17 p 18q. On the other, the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP+) was described with an epigenetic inactivation of tumour suppressor genes that are typically inactivated by germline mutations in familiar cancer syndromes, e. g., Rb, VHL, hMLH1, p16 or BRCA. Colorectal carcinomas of the CIMP+ type often show a high microsatellite instability (MSI+) caused by aberrant promoter methylation of the missmatch repair gene hMLH1. Further CIMP+ are located in the proximal right-side colon and show a poor grading with mucinous or signet-cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tischoff
- Institut für Pathologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum an der BG Universitätsklinik Bergmannsheil, Bochum.
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10
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Abstract
Primary liver cancer is one of the most common cancer worldwide. Beside hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accounting for more than 80%, cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is the second most frequent primary malignant epithelial liver tumor. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (HCC/CC) is a rare form of liver cancer with a frequency of 1%. Both, hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, show a wide geographical variation with low-incidence areas in North America and Europe and high incidence areas in Africa and Asia. Whereas hepatocellular carcinomas develop by malignant transformation of hepatocytes, cholangiocarcinomas arise from the small intrahepatic bile duct epithelium. The UICC-TNM classification of malignant liver tumors is applied for both tumor entities. 70-80% of hepatocellular carcinoma occur in cirrhotic liver. In high incidence areas, such as Asia and Africa, HCC is strongly associated with chronic viral hepatitis B and C and liver cirrhosis. Nutritional factors, toxins and metabolic diseases contribute also to hepatocarcinogenesis. The etiology of cholangiocarcinoma remains unclear, most occur in absence of known etiological factors. But several risk factors including hepatolithiasis, liver fluke infection, and anatomical abnormalities associated with inflammation of the biliary tract have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tischoff
- Institut für Pathologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum
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11
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) are inhibitors of cytokine signalling; methylation of SOCS-3 has been implicated in the tumorigenesis of liver as well as head and neck cancer. AIMS This study was performed to elucidate the role of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 in Barrett's adenocarcinoma and its precursor lesions. METHODS DNA of specimens from 19 Barrett's adenocarcinomas, 56 Barrett's intraepithelial neoplasias (n = 29 low grade and n = 27 high grade), 30 Barrett's mucosa without neoplasia, 20 samples of normal squamous and gastric epithelium and four cell lines were studied using methylation specific PCR for the SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 promoter following microdissection. The presence of SOCS-3 mRNA transcripts was confirmed by semiquantitative real time PCR, and the SOCS-3 protein was analysed immunohistochemically. RESULTS In normal squamous epithelium and normal gastric mucosa, neither SOCS-3 nor SOCS-1 methylation was observed. In Barrett's mucosa without intraepithelial neoplasia, SOCS-3 methylation occurred in 4/30 cases (13%) whereas SOCS-1 was unmethylated. A hypermethylated SOCS-3 promoter was found in 14/19 Barrett's adenocarcinomas (74%) and in 20/29 high and 6/27 low grade intraepithelial neoplasias (69% and 22%, respectively). SOCS-1 promoter hypermethylation occurred in 8/19 adenocarcinomas (42%) and in 6/29 high grade and 1/27 low grade intraepithelial neoplasias (21% and 4%, respectively). Methylation of the SOCS-3 promoter correlated with downregulation of SOCS-3 transcripts and protein expression in these tumours and various cell lines. In the cell lines tested, SOCS-3 and SOCS-1 transcripts increased after treatment with the demethylation compound 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that promoter methylation and subsequent transcript downregulation of SOCS-3 transcripts and, to a much lesser extent, SOCS-1 are involved in the multistep carcinogenesis of Barrett's adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tischoff
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp Platz 1, D-44789 Bochum, Germany
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12
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Weber A, Dietz A, Tischoff I, Tannapfel A. [Role of epigenetics in the carcinogenesis of head and neck carcinomas - possible new targeted therapy?]. Laryngorhinootologie 2007; 86:9-13. [PMID: 17226729 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-944821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In search of new targeted therapies for squamous cell carcinoma of the head neck (HNSCC), a better understanding of the carcinogenesis is of outmost importance. Recent studies show that not only genetic but also epigenetic alterations initiate the multistep process of tumordevelopment. Epigenetic changes lead to altered gene expression without alterations of the DNA sequence. The best characterized epigenetic change is the methylation of the promoter region of genes, especially of tumorsuppressor genes. The methylation of the promoter region blocks the promoter and therefore represses transcription. The loss of the gene products of tumorsuppressor genes leads to increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis. Methylation of tumorsuppressor genes was shown in precancerous lesions of HNSCC, which emphasizes the importance of methylation as an early biomarker. Several studies of tumor cell cultures show reactivated expression of proteins and as a result reduction of proliferation and induction of apoptosis after treatment with demethylating agentens. This presents a very promising new option for a targeted therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Azacitidine/analogs & derivatives
- Azacitidine/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Division/genetics
- DNA Methylation/drug effects
- DNA Modification Methylases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Decitabine
- Epigenesis, Genetic/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Genes, Suppressor/drug effects
- Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms/genetics
- Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms/therapy
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/drug effects
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Targeted Gene Repair/methods
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- A Weber
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig.
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13
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Wittekind C, Tischoff I. [Histopathological faults and their importance for staging and therapy]. Zentralbl Chir 2006; 131:157-61. [PMID: 16612783 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-921539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
There is a variety of mistake sources of histopathological workup of biopsies and resection specimen. Among those are the incorrect or missing transmission of clinical findings and data. The most critical opportunities for producing mistakes are the histopathological examination, diagnosis and classifications. Many of these mistakes bear the potential to induce a wrong therapy. Generally, the use of forms, check lists and standardized diagnosis sheets may help to reduce the mistake rates. Comparison of own data with quality indicators enables pathologists to validate their own findings.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/mortality
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma/therapy
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/mortality
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/therapy
- Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell/therapy
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
- Colon/pathology
- Colorectal Neoplasms/mortality
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- Colorectal Neoplasms/therapy
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Diagnostic Errors
- Humans
- Medical Errors
- Neoadjuvant Therapy
- Neoplasm Staging
- Neoplasm, Residual/mortality
- Neoplasm, Residual/pathology
- Neoplasm, Residual/therapy
- Prognosis
- Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
- Rectum/pathology
- Survival Rate
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wittekind
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig.
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14
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Abstract
The correct use of tumor classifications is one of the key elements of adequate oncological treatment. Tumor classifications comprise: localization, typing, grading staging and stage grouping, classification after neoadjuvant radio(chemo)therapy, TNM classification and R classification. For easier identification and better documentation it is advisable to have a summary of tumor classifications at the end of each tumor concerning pathology report. Experience in clinical use has shown that classification may be incomplete or inadequately used. Not infrequently they are reported in a way which is open for misinterpretation. Some possible mistakes and misuse of tumor classifications are discussed. Users, among which are clinicians and pathologists, have to bear in mind the limitations of tumor classifications. These are for example reflected by the difficulty to classify single tumor entities in a correct way.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wittekind
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig.
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Tischoff I, Tannapfel A, Markwarth A, Weber A. Promotermethylierung von Semaphorin 3B, BLU und RASSF1A, drei neuen Tumorsuppressorgenen, in pleomorphen Adenomen. Laryngorhinootologie 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-823742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tischoff I, Markwarth A, Witzigmann H, Hauss J, Wittekind C, Tannapfel A. Promoter methylation of Semaphorin 3B, BLU and RASSF1A three putative tumor suppressor genes in malignant liver tumors. Pathol Res Pract 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0344-0338(04)80723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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