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Mujawar A, Phadte P, Palkina KA, Markina NM, Mohammad A, Thakur BL, Sarkisyan KS, Balakireva AV, Ray P, Yamplosky I, De A. Triple Reporter Assay: A Non-Overlapping Luciferase Assay for the Measurement of Complex Macromolecular Regulation in Cancer Cells Using a New Mushroom Luciferase-Luciferin Pair. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:7313. [PMID: 37687774 PMCID: PMC10490530 DOI: 10.3390/s23177313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the development of a humanized luciferase imaging reporter based on a recently discovered mushroom luciferase (Luz) from Neonothopanus nambi. In vitro and in vivo assessments showed that human-codon-optimized Luz (hLuz) has significantly higher activity than native Luz in various cancer cell types. The potential of hLuz in non-invasive bioluminescence imaging was demonstrated by human tumor xenografts subcutaneously and by the orthotopic lungs xenograft in immunocompromised mice. Luz enzyme or its unique 3OH-hispidin substrate was found to be non-cross-reacting with commonly used luciferase reporters such as Firefly (FLuc2), Renilla (RLuc), or nano-luciferase (NLuc). Based on this feature, a non-overlapping, multiplex luciferase assay using hLuz was envisioned to surpass the limitation of dual reporter assay. Multiplex reporter functionality was demonstrated by designing a new sensor construct to measure the NF-κB transcriptional activity using hLuz and utilized in conjunction with two available constructs, p53-NLuc and PIK3CA promoter-FLuc2. By expressing these constructs in the A2780 cell line, we unveiled a complex macromolecular regulation of high relevance in ovarian cancer. The assays performed elucidated the direct regulatory action of p53 or NF-κB on the PIK3CA promoter. However, only the multiplexed assessment revealed further complexities as stabilized p53 expression attenuates NF-κB transcriptional activity and thereby indirectly influences its regulation on the PIK3CA gene. Thus, this study suggests the importance of live cell multiplexed measurement of gene regulatory function using more than two luciferases to address more realistic situations in disease biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaiyas Mujawar
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; (A.M.); (A.M.)
- Faculty of Life Science, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India; (P.P.); (B.L.T.); (P.R.)
| | - Pratham Phadte
- Faculty of Life Science, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India; (P.P.); (B.L.T.); (P.R.)
- Imaging Cell Signalling and Therapeutics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Ksenia A. Palkina
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry (IBCh), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (K.A.P.); (N.M.M.); (K.S.S.); (A.V.B.)
- Planta LLC, Bolshoi Boulevard, 42 Street 1, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Nadezhda M. Markina
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry (IBCh), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (K.A.P.); (N.M.M.); (K.S.S.); (A.V.B.)
- Planta LLC, Bolshoi Boulevard, 42 Street 1, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Ameena Mohammad
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Bhushan L. Thakur
- Faculty of Life Science, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India; (P.P.); (B.L.T.); (P.R.)
- Imaging Cell Signalling and Therapeutics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Karen S. Sarkisyan
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry (IBCh), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (K.A.P.); (N.M.M.); (K.S.S.); (A.V.B.)
- Synthetic Biology Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Anastasia V. Balakireva
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry (IBCh), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (K.A.P.); (N.M.M.); (K.S.S.); (A.V.B.)
- Planta LLC, Bolshoi Boulevard, 42 Street 1, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Pritha Ray
- Faculty of Life Science, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India; (P.P.); (B.L.T.); (P.R.)
- Imaging Cell Signalling and Therapeutics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Ilia Yamplosky
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry (IBCh), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (K.A.P.); (N.M.M.); (K.S.S.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Abhijit De
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; (A.M.); (A.M.)
- Faculty of Life Science, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India; (P.P.); (B.L.T.); (P.R.)
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