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Antwi SO, Heckman M, White L, Yan I, Sarangi V, Lauer KP, Reddy J, Ahmed F, Veliginti S, Mejías Febres ED, Hatia RI, Chang P, Izquierdo-Sanchez L, Boix L, Rojas A, Banales JM, Reig M, Stål P, Gómez MR, Singal AG, Li D, Hassan MM, Roberts LR, Patel T. Metabolic liver cancer: associations of rare and common germline variants in one-carbon metabolism and DNA methylation genes. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2646-2655. [PMID: 37369012 PMCID: PMC10407694 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal studies implicate one-carbon metabolism and DNA methylation genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in the setting of metabolic perturbations. Using human samples, we investigated the associations between common and rare variants in these closely related biochemical pathways and risk for metabolic HCC development in a multicenter international study. We performed targeted exome sequencing of 64 genes among 556 metabolic HCC cases and 643 cancer-free controls with metabolic conditions. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for multiple comparisons. Gene-burden tests were used for rare variant associations. Analyses were performed in the overall sample and among non-Hispanic whites. The results show that among non-Hispanic whites, presence of rare functional variants in ABCC2 was associated with 7-fold higher risk of metabolic HCC (OR = 6.92, 95% CI: 2.38-20.15, P = 0.0004), and this association remained significant when analyses were restricted to functional rare variants observed in ≥2 participants (cases 3.2% versus controls 0.0%, P = 1.02 × 10-5). In the overall multiethnic sample, presence of rare functional variants in ABCC2 was nominally associated with metabolic HCC (OR = 3.60, 95% CI: 1.52-8.58, P = 0.004), with similar nominal association when analyses were restricted to functional rare variants observed in ≥2 participants (cases 2.9% versus controls 0.2%, P = 0.006). A common variant in PNPLA3 (rs738409[G]) was associated with higher HCC risk in the overall sample (P = 6.36 × 10-6) and in non-Hispanic whites (P = 0.0002). Our findings indicate that rare functional variants in ABCC2 are associated with susceptibility to metabolic HCC in non-Hispanic whites. PNPLA3-rs738409 is also associated with metabolic HCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel O Antwi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Michael Heckman
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Launia White
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Irene Yan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Vivekananda Sarangi
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kimberly P Lauer
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joseph Reddy
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Fowsiyo Ahmed
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Swathi Veliginti
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Rikita I Hatia
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ping Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura Izquierdo-Sanchez
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute—Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), CIBERehd, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Loreto Boix
- BCLC Group, Liver Unit, ICMDM, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Rojas
- SeLiver Group, UCM Digestive Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute—Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), CIBERehd, San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maria Reig
- BCLC Group, Liver Unit, ICMDM, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Per Stål
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Romero Gómez
- SeLiver Group, UCM Digestive Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amit G Singal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Manal M Hassan
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lewis R Roberts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tushar Patel
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Stoffers B, Bacmeister L, Braeuninger H, Warnke S, Brehm M, Kim S, Yan I, Becher M, Escher F, Klingel K, Zeller T, Kirchhof P, Blankenberg S, Westermann D, Lindner D. GPR15-mediated T cell recruitment during acute viral myocarditis is associated with improved virus elimination and outcome. Cardiovasc Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac066.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): DZHK
Ernst und Berta Grimmke Stiftung
Background
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium indicated by mononuclear cell infiltration. It is predominantly caused by infectious agents such as coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). Especially in young adults, myocarditis is a major source of sudden cardiac arrest. However, its clinical course has a broad spectrum of outcomes, ranging from mild symptoms and complete recovery to cardiac dysfunction and dilated cardiomyopathy. G protein-coupled receptor 15 (GPR15) was identified as a T cell homing receptor in the context of inflammatory intestine and skin diseases. We found Gpr15 to be highly upregulated in the left ventricle (LV) 7 days after CVB3 infection in wild type (WT) mice.
Purpose
GPR15 has not been described in a cardiac context, yet. Our aim was to investigate the role of GPR15 in recruiting immune cell subsets and later in virus elimination during viral myocarditis.
Methods
Gpr15 deficient (Gpr15gfp/gfp) and WT mice were infected intraperitoneal with CVB3 to investigate the acute (6 & 7 days post infection(p.i.)) and the subacute phase (16 days p.i.) of myocarditis. To study differentially expressed genes, LV tissue was used for TaqMan analysis and RNA-sequencing. Inflammation and fibrosis were evaluated on histological level. For functional characterization, healthy and diseased mice were hemodynamically characterized 16 days p.i.. Furthermore, in vitro migration assays were used to study the interaction between GPR15 and its ligands in vitro.
Results
Infected Gpr15gfp/gfp mice exhibited higher upregulation of immune response related genes on mRNA level in the acute phase of myocarditis 7 days p.i.. For instance, Cd8a, a cytotoxic T cell marker, and Foxp3, a regulatory T cell marker, were significantly higher in infected Gpr15gfp/gfp compared to infected WT mice. Bulk RNA-sequencing confirmed that the response to virus did not decline from day 6 to 7 in infected GPR15-deficient mice as observed in infected WT mice. Subsequent gene ontology (GO) term analyses reveled enhanced chemotaxis and cytotoxic T cell-related GO terms in GPR15-deficient mice on day 7.
Among investigated T cell subsets, GPR15 was highest expressed on CD8+ T cell. Its deficiency abolished chemotaxis of T cells, especially of cytotoxic T cells, towards GPR15 ligand in vitro.
In the subacute phase of myocarditis 16 days p.i., viral persistence was observed in more than 85 % of Gpr15gfp/gfp mice. In contrast, more than 70 % of WT mice with verified viremia cleared the virus successfully. Furthermore, Gpr15gfp/gfp mice demonstrated a decreased cardiac function accompanied by increased fibrosis in comparison to WT mice.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that despite the prolonged inflammatory response, scant virus elimination was presumably caused by decelerated recruitment of cytotoxic T cells leading to impaired outcome in the GPR15-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Stoffers
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - L Bacmeister
- University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - H Braeuninger
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - S Warnke
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - M Brehm
- University of Siegen , Siegen , Germany
| | - S Kim
- Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , United States of America
| | - I Yan
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - M Becher
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - F Escher
- Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - K Klingel
- University Hospital of Tuebingen, Cardiopathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - T Zeller
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - P Kirchhof
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - S Blankenberg
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - D Westermann
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - D Lindner
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
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Ota Y, Takahashi K, Otake S, Tamaki Y, Okada M, Yan I, Aso K, Fujii S, Patel T, Haneda M. Extracellular RNA transfer from non-malignant human cholangiocytes can promote cholangiocarcinoma growth. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:3276-3292. [PMID: 34510808 PMCID: PMC8634862 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) within the cellular secretome are emerging as modulators of pathological processes involved in tumor growth through their ability to transfer donor‐derived RNA into recipient cells. While the effects of tumor and stromal cell EVs within the tumor microenvironment have been studied, less is known about the contributions of normal, nontransformed cells. We examined the impact of EVs within the cellular secretome from nonmalignant cells on transformed cell growth and behavior in cholangiocarcinoma cells. These effects were enhanced in the presence of the pro‐fibrogenic mediator TGF‐β. We identified miR‐195 as a TGF‐β responsive miRNA in normal cells that can be transferred via EV to tumor cells and regulate cell growth, invasion, and migration. The effects of miR‐195 involve modulation of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition through direct effects on the transcription factor Snail. These studies provide in vitro and in vivo evidence for the impact of normal cellular secretome on transformed cell growth, show the importance of EV RNA transfer, and identify mechanisms of EV‐mediated transfer of miRNA as a contributor to tumor development, which may provide new therapeutic opportunities for targeting human cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ota
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Shin Otake
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Yosui Tamaki
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Okada
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Irene Yan
- Departments of Transplantation and Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Kazunobu Aso
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Tushar Patel
- Departments of Transplantation and Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Masakazu Haneda
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
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Schrage B, Dabboura S, Yan I, Hilal R, Weimann J, Becher P, Seiffert M, Blankenberg S, Westermann D. Presentation characteristics, use of treatments and outcomes in patients with ischaemic vs. non-ischaemic cardiogenic shock. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Evidence on non-ischaemic cardiogenic shock (CS) is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in presentation characteristics, use of treatments and outcomes in patients with ischaemic vs. non-ischaemic CS.
Methods
Patients with CS admitted to a tertiary care hospital between October 2009 and October 2017 were identified and stratified as ischaemic CS/non-ischaemic CS based on the presence/absence of acute myocardial infarction. Missing data was handled by chained equation multiple imputation. Logistic and Cox regression models were fitted to investigate the association of non-ischaemic CS with presentation characteristics (adjusted for all baseline variables), and use of treatments as well as30-day in-hospital mortality (adjusted for relevant confounders including age, sex, prior cardiac arrest, haemodynamics, pH and lactate).
Results
A total of 978 patients were enrolled in this study; median age was 70 (interquartile range 58, 79) years and 70% were male. 505 patients (43%) had non-ischaemic CS. Patients with non-ischaemic CS were more likely younger and female; were less likely to be active smokers or to have diabetes, but more likely to have chronic renal disease and history of myocardial infarction; and were more likely to present with unfavourable haemodynamics and with mechanical ventilation. Regarding use of treatments, patients with non-ischaemic CS were more likely to be treated with catecholamines [odds ratio (OR) 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–2.27, p0.01], but less likely to be treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.48–0.92, p=0.02) or percutaneous left ventricular assist devices (OR 0.51, 0.35–0.74, p<0.01). Unadjusted survival probabilities in patients with non-ischaemic vs. ischaemic CS were 36% (95% CI 32–42%) vs. 39% (95% CI 35–45%). After adjustment for multiple relevant confounders, non-ischaemic CS was associated with a significant increase in the risk of 30-day in-hospital mortality (hazard ratio 1.30, 95% CI 1.09–1.55, p<0.01, Figure 1).
Conclusion
In this large study, non-ischaemic CS accounted for almost 50% of all CS cases. Non-ischaemic CS was not only associated with relevant differences in presentation characteristics and use of treatments, but also with a worse prognosis. These findings highlight the need for effective treatment strategies for patients with non-ischaemic CS.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- B Schrage
- University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Dabboura
- University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - I Yan
- University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Hilal
- University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Weimann
- University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - P.M Becher
- University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Seiffert
- University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - D Westermann
- University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Schrage B, Dabboura S, Yan I, Hilal R, Becher M, Bernhardt A, Kluge S, Reichenspurner H, Blankenberg S, Westermann D. Validation of the SCAI Cardiogenic Shock Classification in 1,039 Patients Presenting with Cardiogenic Shock. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Yan I, Boerschel C, Neumann J, Spruenker N, Kontto J, Kuulasmaa K, Salomaa V, Iacoviello L, Di Castelnuovo A, Costanzo S, Linneberg A, Soederberg S, Zeller T, Blankenberg S, Westermann D. P1642High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I and NT-proBNP and their relationship to heart failure in the European BiomarCaRE population. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Heart failure (HF) is an increasingly important contributor to the overall burden of cardiovascular disease in the population. We aimed to determine the distribution of the cardiac biomarkers high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations across the European population to characterize the association with incident HF.
Methods and results
Based on the Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe (BiomarCaRE)-project, we analysed data of 48,455 individuals from four prospective population-based cohort studies (DanMONICA, FINRISK, Moli-Sani, Northern Sweden MONICA study) across Europe with a maximum follow-up of 27 years. The median age of the participants was 50.7 years (25th percentile: 40.0 years, 75th percentile: 61.7 years) and 49.1% (25,146) were men. Considered endpoints were incident HF and all-cause mortality. The median follow-up time for occurrence of HF was 6.61 (6.55; 6.66) years. We found that cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), especially diabetes with HR of 2.11 (95% CI 1.8, 2.5) and smoking status with HR of 1.79 (95% CI 1.59, 2.1) (Figure 1) were associated with incident HF. Furthermore, beyond the CVRFs, elevated hs-cTnI and NT-proBNP concentrations contributed to risk of HF in the general population with HR of 1.49 (95% CI 1.21, 1.9) and HR of 2.37 (95% CI 1.97, 3.0) respectively. As a cut-off value to select individuals, who would benefit most from preventive strategies, a hs-cTnI concentration of 2.8 ng/L was calculated using the optimal cut-off methodology by Contal and O'Quigley in CSDA 1999.
Hazard ratio for incident HF
Conclusion
In our large population-based cohort, hs-cTnI and NT-proBNP were independently associated with incident HF. Use of biomarkers for HF screening thus may help to select those individuals in the general population who would benefit most from preventive strategies. Based on the cut-off value future studies are needed to evaluate therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yan
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Boerschel
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Neumann
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - N Spruenker
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Kontto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Kuulasmaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - V Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | - A Linneberg
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - T Zeller
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - D Westermann
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Riesgo-Escovar JR, Mayor R, Wappner P, Yan I. MoD Special issue on "Developmental Biology in Latin America". Mech Dev 2019; 154:1. [PMID: 30527273 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan R Riesgo-Escovar
- Developmental Neurobiology and Neurophysiology, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Roberto Mayor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, UK
| | | | - Irene Yan
- Dept Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, USP, São Paulo, Brasil
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Abstract
UNLABELLED The identification of the presence of large RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins but that may have biological functions has provided an important new perspective in gene regulation. These long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are being increasingly recognized to contribute to many biological processes through diverse mechanisms. The roles of these emerging genes are being recognized across kingdoms. These findings are profoundly altering our understanding of disease pathobiology and leading to the emergence of new biological concepts underlying human diseases. Strategies for the discovery and characterization of lncRNAs are highlighted. Several lncRNAs have been described in liver disease, and in liver cancers in particular. Their molecular mechanisms of action, function, and contributions to disease pathophysiology are reviewed. LncRNA genes associated with liver diseases have potential roles as biomarkers of disease diagnosis, prognosis, or therapeutic response as well as direct targets for therapeutic intervention. CONCLUSION The emerging knowledge in this rapidly advancing field offers promise for new fundamental knowledge and clinical applications that will be relevant for human liver diseases.
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, regulatory non-coding RNAs that have potent effects on gene expression. Several miRNA are deregulated in cellular processes involved in human liver diseases and regulation of cellular processes. Recent studies have identified the involvement of miR-29 in hepatic fibrosis and carcinogenesis. Although several targets of miR-29 have been identified, there is limited information regarding the cell-type specific roles of miR-29 in the liver, and we sought to evaluate the role of this miRNA in hepatic pathobiology. We report the generation of a tissue–specific knockout mouse to evaluate the role of miR-29 in hepatic fibrosis and carcinogenesis in response to injury. We hypothesized that miR-29 contributes to the hepatocyte driven response to chronic cellular injury that results in fibrosis. In support of this hypothesis, fibrosis and mortality were enhanced in miR29 knockout mice in response to carbon tetrachloride. Genome-wide gene expression analysis identified an over-representation of genes associated with fibrosis. The oncofetal RNA H19 was modulated in a miR-29 dependent manner following exposure to carbon tetrachloride in vivo. The impact of a hepatocyte specific miR-29 knockout on survival following chronic hepatic injury in vivo implicates this miRNA as a potential target for intervention. These results provide evidence of the involvement of miR-29 in chronic hepatic injury, and suggest a role for deregulated hepatocyte expression of miR-29 in the response to hepatic injury, fibrosis and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kogure
- College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Abstract
The microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that are potent regulators of gene expression and can regulate several diverse biological functions. This minireview provides an overview of recent studies that have examined the role and involvement of miRNAs in cholangiocarcinomas. These studies provide evidence for deregulated expression of miRNA and are providing new insights into the potential contribution of these in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma.
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Kogure T, Kinghorn AD, Yan I, Bolon B, Lucas DM, Grever MR, Patel T. Therapeutic potential of the translation inhibitor silvestrol in hepatocellular cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76136. [PMID: 24086701 PMCID: PMC3784426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although hepatocellular cancers (HCC) frequently arise in the setting of fibrosis and a hepatic regenerative response requiring new cell growth, therapeutic strategies for these cancers have not targeted protein synthesis. Silvestrol, a rocaglate isolated from Aglaiafoveolata, can inhibit protein synthesis by modulating the initiation of translation through the eukaryotic initiation factor 4A. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of silvestrol for HCC. METHODS The efficacy of silvestrol was examined using human HCC cells in vitro using an orthotopic tumor cell xenograft model in a fibrotic liver. The impact of silvestrol on the liver was assessed in vivo in wild-type mice. RESULTS Silvestrol inhibited cell growth with an IC50 of 12.5-86 nM in four different HCC cell lines. In vitro, silvestrol increased apoptosis and caspase 3/7 activity accompanied by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased expression of Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL. A synergistic effect was observed when silvestrol was combined with other therapeutic agents, with a dose-reduction index of 3.42-fold with sorafenib and 1.75-fold with rapamycin at a fractional effect of 0.5. In vivo, an antitumor effect was observed with 0.4 mg/kg silvestrol compared to controls after one week, and survival of tumor-bearing mice was improved with a median survival time of 42 and 28 days in the silvestrol and control groups, respectively. The effect on survival was not observed in orthotopic xenografts in non-fibrotic livers. Silvestrol treatment in vivo did not alter liver structure. CONCLUSIONS These data identify silvestrol as a novel, structurally unique drug with potent anticancer activity for HCC and support the potential value of targeting initiation of translation in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kogure
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Departments of Transplantation and Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Irene Yan
- Departments of Transplantation and Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Brad Bolon
- Comparative Pathology and Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - David M. Lucas
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Grever
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Tushar Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Departments of Transplantation and Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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Abstract
There is a need to identify effective biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of treatment efficacy for many liver diseases such as hepatocellular cancer, and chronic viral hepatitis. The identification of disease-specific alterations in microRNA expression and the ability to detect microRNAs in the circulation provide the basis for identifying novel clinically effective treatments and biomarkers. Knowledge regarding miRNA in human liver disease may eventually lead to serum or tissue biomarkers with clinical utility. A selection of relevant studies is reviewed. There are major challenges that need to be addressed prior to clinical application such as the need for careful validation of diagnostic miRNA candidates in well described clinical cohorts, and technical issues such as quantitation and standardization of assays. The rapid progress in therapeutic interventions using miRNA based strategies for chronic hepatitis C and hepatocellular cancer provides optimism for novel approaches that will build on the existing and emerging knowledge regarding miRNA in liver diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/diagnosis
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/genetics
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/metabolism
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/pathology
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/therapy
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- MicroRNAs
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
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13
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Takahashi K, Yan I, Wen HJ, Patel T, Ravikumar R, Mohan V, Balasubramanyam M. microRNAs in liver disease: from diagnostics to therapeutics. Clin Biochem 2013. [PMID: 23396165 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is a need to identify effective biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of treatment efficacy for many liver diseases such as hepatocellular cancer, and chronic viral hepatitis. The identification of disease-specific alterations in microRNA expression and the ability to detect microRNAs in the circulation provide the basis for identifying novel clinically effective treatments and biomarkers. Knowledge regarding miRNA in human liver disease may eventually lead to serum or tissue biomarkers with clinical utility. A selection of relevant studies is reviewed. There are major challenges that need to be addressed prior to clinical application such as the need for careful validation of diagnostic miRNA candidates in well described clinical cohorts, and technical issues such as quantitation and standardization of assays. The rapid progress in therapeutic interventions using miRNA based strategies for chronic hepatitis C and hepatocellular cancer provides optimism for novel approaches that will build on the existing and emerging knowledge regarding miRNA in liver diseases.
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14
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Vieceli FM, Yan I. Chicken Scratch2 is expressed during early embryonic neurogenesis. Dev Biol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.05.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Shin I, Toyooka T, Yan I, Ueshino A, Kobayakawa T, Oniwa N, Aoyagi A, Sugiura K, Momomura S, Komata M. [Case of diabetes mellitus with mitochondrial cardiomyopathy]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 1999; 88:1324-5. [PMID: 10465982 DOI: 10.2169/naika.88.1324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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