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Barajas-Mendoza I, Castillo-Rodríguez IO, Hernández-Rioja I, Ramirez-Apan T, Martínez-García M. Prednisone and ibuprofen conjugate Janus dendrimers and their anticancer activity. Steroids 2024; 205:109395. [PMID: 38461962 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Drug release from hyperbranched Janus dendrimer-drug conjugates and their subsequent activity are influenced by the different drugs in each dendron and the linker. To understand these effects, we synthetized new Janus-type dendrimers of first and second generation. One dendron with 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid functionalized with ibuprofen and the second dendron was obtained with 3-aminopropanol-amidoamine and prednisone. The dendrimers were obtained by copper(I)-catalyzed Click azide-alkyne cycloaddition for the formation of a triazole as a dendrimeric nucleus of Janus dendrimer conjugates are reported. The influence of ibuprofen, prednisone, and spacer on cancer activity of Janus dendrimers conjugates is reported. The IC50 values of the anticancer activity on cancer cell lines the Janus dendrimer of second generation was higher in comparison to the first generation dendrimer. Similarly, the anticancer activity was higher compared to the dendron conjugates. Also, no cytotoxic effects of dendrons and dendrimers on non-cancerous kidney COS-7 cell line was observed. The interesting anticancer activity of the prepared prednisone-ibuprofen Janus dendrimer conjugates suggest that the dendrimers could be of potential use as new anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Barajas-Mendoza
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Irving Osiel Castillo-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Isabel Hernández-Rioja
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Teresa Ramirez-Apan
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Marcos Martínez-García
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico.
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Pedro-Hernández LD, Barajas-Mendoza I, Castillo-Rodríguez IO, Klimova E, Ramírez-Ápan T, Martínez-García M. Janus Dendrimers as Nanocarriers of Ibuprofen, Chlorambucil and Their Anticancer Activity. Pharm Nanotechnol 2023:PNT-EPUB-133768. [PMID: 37592778 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230817160636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Janus Dendrimer represents a novel class of synthetic nanocarriers. Since it is possible to introduce multiple drugs and target moieties, this helps the designing of new biocompatible forms with pharmacological activities comprised of different drugs with tailor-made functionalities, such as anticancer and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, which could improve the anticancer activity with less toxicity. AIMS This study aimed to determine the anticancer activity of the Janus dendrimers formed by two dendrons. One dendron conjugates with chlorambucil, and the other dendron conjugates with Ibuprofen. METHODS The cytotoxicity of the drug carriers was determined by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay for three cell lines. PC-3 (human prostatic adenocarcinoma), HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), MFC-7 (human breast cancer) and the COS-7 African green monkey kidney (used as a control) cell lines were seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 5x103 cells/well and cultured for 24 h before use. All the obtained compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR one and two dimensions, UV-vis, FTIR, MALDI-TOF, Electrospray mass, and FAB+. Microscopic images were taken in an Inverted microscope Nikon, Diaphot 300, 10x4 in culture medium. RESULTS Janus dendrimers (G1 and G2) were synthesized via an azide-alkyne click-chemistry reaction attaching on one face dendrons with ibuprofen molecules and, on the other face, attached a chlorambucil-derivative. The IC50 behavior of the conjugates of the first and second generations showed anticancer activity against PC-3, HCT-15, and MFC-7 cell lines. The second generation was more active against PC-3, HCT-15 and MFC-7 with IC50 of 3.8±0.5, 3.0±0.2 and 3.7±1.1 M, respectively Conclusion: The new Janus dendrimers with anticancer chlorambucil and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory Ibuprofen can improve the anticancer activity of chlorambucil with less toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Daniel Pedro-Hernández
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Israel Barajas-Mendoza
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Irving Osiel Castillo-Rodríguez
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Elena Klimova
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Interior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Teresa Ramírez-Ápan
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Marcos Martínez-García
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
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Martínez-García M, Castillo-Rodríguez IO, Pedro-Hernandez LD, Ramírez-Ápan T. Anticancer Activity of 3,5-Bis(dodecyloxy)benzoate-PAMAM Conjugates with Indomethacin or Mefenamic acid. Med Chem 2022; 19:460-467. [PMID: 36573049 DOI: 10.2174/1573406419666221226095440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
aims:
The aim of the present investigation was the synthesis of 3,5-bis(dodecyloxy)benzoate -PAMAM conjugates with indomethacin an mefenamic acid to examine their anticancer activity.
background:
The synthesis of conjugates with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could be improve their activity with less toxicity and these compounds could be used for the treatment of cancer.
objective:
The synthesis of 3,5-bis(dodecyloxy)benzoate -PAMAM conjugates with indomethacin or mefenamic acid to examine their anticancer activity.
method:
The anticancer activity was studied of the conjugates against six human cancer cells U-251 (human glioblastoma), PC-3 (human prostatic adenocarcinoma), K-562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells), HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (human mammary adenocarcinoma), SKLU-1 (human lung adenocarcinoma) and the COS-7 African green monkey (as a control) cell lines. The conjugates with indomethacin and mefenamic acid were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR one- and two-dimension spectroscopy.
result:
All the conjugates synthetized with indomethacin or mefenamic acid showed anticancer activity against all the human cancer cell lines. The first generation of indomethacin conjugates showed better activity against PC-3 cell line than the second generation. But the second generation with indomethacin showed better activity against PC-3 (human prostatic adenocarcinoma) than the first generation. The second generation conjugate with mefenamic acid had strong selectivity to PC-3 (human prostatic adenocarcinoma) cells with IC50 value of 10.23±1.2 M in vitro.
conclusion:
In the paper, we report the synthesis and spectroscopic analyses of new indomethacin or mefenamic acid conjugates. The overall results showed that the conjugate of second generation with mefenamic acid could be a potential nanocarrier for human prostatic adenocarcinoma cancer treatment.
other:
our research will be continued
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Martínez-García
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F., México
| | - Irving Osiel Castillo-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F., México
| | - Luis Daniel Pedro-Hernandez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F., México
| | - Teresa Ramírez-Ápan
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F., México
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Rodríguez-Acosta GL, Hernández-Montalbán C, Vega-Razo MFS, Castillo-Rodríguez IO, Martínez-García M. Polymer-dendrimer hybrids as carriers of anticancer agents. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 23:373-392. [PMID: 34488581 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210906121803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, polymeric materials with the ability to self-assemble into micelles have been increasingly investigated for application in various fields, mainly in biomedicine. Micellar morphology is important and interesting in the field of drug transport and delivery, since micelles can encapsulate hydrophobic molecules in their nucleus, improve the solubility of drugs, have active molecules in their outer layer, and, due to their nanometric size, they can take advantage of the EPR effect, prolong circulation time and avoid renal clearance. Furthermore, bioactive molecules (could be joined covalently or by host-host interaction) such as drugs, bioimaging molecules, proteins, targeting ligands, "cross-linkable" molecules, or linkages sensitive to internal or external stimuli can be incorporated into them. The confined multivalent cooperativity and the ability to modify the dendritic structure provide the versatility to create and improve the amphiphiles used in the micellar supramolecular field. As discussed in this review, the most studied structures are hybrid copolymers, which are formed by the combination of linear polymers and dendrons. Amphiphilic dendrimer micelles have achieved efficient and promising results in both in vitro and in vivo tests, and this encourages research for their future application in nanotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Leobardo Rodríguez-Acosta
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F.. Mexico
| | - Carlos Hernández-Montalbán
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F.. Mexico
| | - María Fernanda Sabrina Vega-Razo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F.. Mexico
| | - Irving Osiel Castillo-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F.. Mexico
| | - Marcos Martínez-García
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F.. Mexico
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Rodríguez-Acosta GL, Hernández-Montalbán C, Vega-Razo MFS, Castillo-Rodríguez IO, Martínez-García M. Nanomedical Applications of Amphiphilic Dendrimeric Micelles. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:7937-7960. [PMID: 33781182 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210329125601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, polymeric materials with the ability to self-assemble into micelles have been increasingly investigated for application in various fields, but mainly in biomedicine. Micellar morphology is interesting in the field of drug transport and delivery, since micelles can encapsulate hydrophobic molecules in their nucleus, have active molecules in their outer layer, and due to their nanometric size, can take advantage of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, prolong the time in circulation and avoid renal clearance. In addition, nanobioactive molecules (joined in covalent form or by host-host interaction), such as drugs, bioimaging molecules, targeting ligands, "cross-linkable" molecules or bonds, sensitive to internal or external stimuli, can be incorporated into them and showed better activity as anticancer agents, siRNA delivery agents as well as antiviral and antiparasitic compounds. The present work is a review of the information published, which is the most important about the synthesis and biological importance of the confined multivalent cooperation and the ability to modify the dendritic structure, provide the versatility to create and improve the amphiphiles used in the micellar supramolecular field. The most studied structures are the hybrid copolymers formed by the combination of linear polymers and dendrons. However, small dendritic molecules that do not involve linear polymers have also been developed, such as Janus dendrimers, facial dendrons, and dendritic amphiphiles with only one dendron. Amphiphilic dendrimer micelles have achieved efficient and promising results, both in in vitro and in vivo tests, which encourage their research for future application in nanotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Leobardo Rodríguez-Acosta
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, P.O. Box: 04510, Ciudad de México. Mexico
| | - Carlos Hernández-Montalbán
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, P.O. Box: 04510, Ciudad de México. Mexico
| | - María Fernanda Sabrina Vega-Razo
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, P.O. Box: 04510, Ciudad de México. Mexico
| | - Irving Osiel Castillo-Rodríguez
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, P.O. Box: 04510, Ciudad de México. Mexico
| | - Marcos Martínez-García
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, P.O. Box: 04510, Ciudad de México. Mexico
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Medina-Rojas JC, Castillo-Rodríguez IO, Martínez-Klimova E, Ramírez-Ápan T, Hernández-Ortega S, Martínez-García M. Synthesis of flutamide-conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127507. [PMID: 32866675 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we designed and extended modification basing on the flutamide structure. A series of flutamide-conjugates were obtained with methyl bromoacetate and ethylenediamine. Through the synthesis of two conjugates with 3,5-bis(dodecyloxy)benzoate derivatives, these flutamide conjugates were tested for anticancer activity. Among the compounds tested, the flutamide-conjugates showed good inhibition activity against cancer cell lines U-251, PC-3 and K-562. The conjugates showed a better inhibitory effect than free flutamide and did not show activity against normal COS-7 monkey kidney fibroblast cells. It was also observed that the flutamide conjugates had an inhibitory effect against human colorectal adenocarcinoma HCT-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio César Medina-Rojas
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Irving Osiel Castillo-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Elena Martínez-Klimova
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Interior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Teresa Ramírez-Ápan
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Simón Hernández-Ortega
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Marcos Martínez-García
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., México.
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