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Gasmi A, Asghar F, Zafar S, Oliinyk P, Khavrona O, Lysiuk R, Peana M, Piscopo S, Antonyak H, Pen JJ, Lozynska I, Noor S, Lenchyk L, Muhammad A, Vladimirova I, Dub N, Antoniv O, Tsal O, Upyr T, Bjørklund G. Berberine: Pharmacological Features in Health, Disease and Aging. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1214-1234. [PMID: 36748808 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230207112539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine is the main active compound of different herbs and is defined as an isoquinoline quaternary botanical alkaloid found in barks and roots of numerous plants. It exhibits a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anti-obesity and antidiabetic effects. Berberine has antibacterial activity against a variety of microbiota, including many bacterial species, protozoa, plasmodia, fungi, and trypanosomes. OBJECTIVE This review describes the role of berberine and its metabolic effects. It also discusses how it plays a role in glucose metabolism, fat metabolism, weight loss, how it modulates the gut microbiota, and what are its antimicrobial properties along with its potential side effects with maximal tolerable dosage. METHODS Representative studies were considered and analyzed from different scientific databases, including PubMed and Web of Science, for the years 1982-2022. RESULTS Literature analysis shows that berberine affects many biochemical and pharmacological pathways that theoretically yield a positive effect on health and disease. Berberine exhibits neuroprotective properties in various neurodegenerative and neuropsychological ailments. Despite its low bioavailability after oral administration, berberine is a promising tool for several disorders. A possible hypothesis would be the modulation of the gut microbiome. While the evidence concerning the aging process in humans is more limited, preliminary studies have shown positive effects in several models. CONCLUSION Berberine could serve as a potential candidate for the treatment of several diseases. Previous literature has provided a basis for scientists to establish clinical trials in humans. However, for obesity, the evidence appears to be sufficient for hands-on use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Farah Asghar
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics (MMG), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saba Zafar
- Department of Research, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Petro Oliinyk
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Khavrona
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Salva Piscopo
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Halyna Antonyak
- Department of Ecology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iryna Lozynska
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Sadaf Noor
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Larysa Lenchyk
- Department of Research, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Akram Muhammad
- Department of Research, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Inna Vladimirova
- Department of Research, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Dub
- Andrei Krupynskyi Lviv Medical Academy, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olha Antoniv
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Tsal
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Taras Upyr
- Department of Research, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
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Bjørklund G, Peana M, Dadar M, Lozynska I, Chirumbolo S, Lysiuk R, Lenchyk L, Upyr T, Severin B. The role of B vitamins in stroke prevention. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5462-5475. [PMID: 33724098 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1885341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Elevated plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy) are a recognized risk factor for stroke. This relationship represents one aspect of the debated `Hcy hypothesis'. Elevated Hcy may be an independent and treatable cause of atherosclerosis and thrombotic vascular diseases. Further observations indicate that proper dietary supplementation with B-vitamins decreases total plasma Hcy concentrations and may be an effective intervention for stroke prevention. Metabolic vitamin B12 deficiency is a nutritional determinant of total Hcy and stroke risk. Genetic factors may link B vitamins with stroke severity due to the impact on Hcy metabolism of polymorphism in the genes coding for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, methionine-synthase, methionine synthase reductase, and cystathionine β-synthase. Several meta-analyses of large randomized controlled trials exist. However, they are not completely in agreement about B vitamins' role, particularly folic acid levels, vitamin B12, and B6, in lowering the homocysteine concentrations in people at high stroke risk. A very complex relationship exists between Hcy and B vitamins, and several factors appear to modify the preventive effects of B vitamins in stroke. This review highlights the regulating factors of the active role of B vitamins active in stroke prevention. Also, inputs for further large, well-designed studies, for specific, particularly sensitive subgroups are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
| | | | - Maryam Dadar
- Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Karaj, Iran
| | - Iryna Lozynska
- Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.,CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.,Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Larysa Lenchyk
- Department of Quality, Standardization and Certification of Medicines of IATPS, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine.,CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Taras Upyr
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine.,Department of Pharmacognosy, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Beatrice Severin
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
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Sklyarova Y, Fomenko I, Lozynska I, Lozynskyi A, Lesyk R, Sklyarov A. Hydrogen Sulfide Releasing 2-Mercaptoacrylic Acid-Based Derivative Possesses Cytoprotective Activity in a Small Intestine of Rats with Medication-Induced Enteropathy. Sci Pharm 2017; 85:scipharm85040035. [PMID: 29064425 PMCID: PMC5748532 DOI: 10.3390/scipharm85040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Small intestinal injury is known to be one of the most commonly appearing pathologies, resulting in the use of medications such as: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antitumor drugs and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. The principal objective of this study is to evaluate the action of a novel mercaptoacrylic acid derivative able to release H₂S on parameters of NO-synthase system and oxidative stress. Inducing enteropathy, three types of medications were used: indomethacin, an NSAID (35 mg/kg); methotrexate, an antitumor drug (10 mg/kg); and enalapril, an ACE inhibitor (2 mg/kg/day). 2-[(4-chlorophenyl-carbamoyl)-methyl]-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-acrylic acid (2C3DHTA) was introduced based on the background of medication-induced enteropathy (10 mg/kg/day). The survey showed that malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and NO-synthases (NOS) were determined in the small intestinal mucosa. The increase in inducible NO-synthase (iNOS) activity was due to indomethacin and methotrexate administration. Constitutive NO-synthase (cNOS) activity was decreased by an ACE-inhibitor. The cytoprotective effect was demonstrated by 2C3DHTA, which returned iNOS activity to its control level and increased cNOS activity. The enterotoxic action of studied medication was accompanied by the development of oxidative stress manifested, activity of MPO was increased. MPO activity and manifestations of oxidative stress were decreased by 2C3DHTA. Effects of 2C3DHTA can be explained by the action of H₂S, released from this compound in the gastrointestinal (GI) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Sklyarova
- Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv 79010, Ukraine.
| | - Iryna Fomenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv 79010, Ukraine.
| | - Iryna Lozynska
- Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv 79010, Ukraine.
| | - Andrii Lozynskyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv 79010, Ukraine.
| | - Roman Lesyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv 79010, Ukraine.
| | - Alexandr Sklyarov
- Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv 79010, Ukraine.
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