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Averbuch I, Moore A, Ludmir EB, Markel G, Meirson T. Assessing the effect of metastasis-directed therapy in oligometastatic disease using the restricted mean survival time. Br J Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41416-024-02700-z. [PMID: 38710837 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02700-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is emerging as an effective therapeutic option for oligometastatic disease (OMD). However, a lack of phase III data, consensus guidelines, and toxicity concerns limit its widespread use. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) routinely report hazard ratios (HRs) and medians that lack clear clinical and robust interpretation. Restricted-mean survival time (RMST) is the duration of time a patient is expected to survive over the follow-up period, providing a robust and interpretable alternative. We analyzed the efficacy of SBRT using RMST. METHODS All registered RCTs of ablative radiotherapy in OMD in ClinicalTrials.gov through 2022 were identified. Data were reconstructed from Kaplan-Meier curves, and the HRs and RMST differences were estimated for surrogate endpoints (SEs) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Six studies comprising 426 patients met the inclusion criteria. The RMST differences for SEs ranged from 4.6 months in a study by Iyengar et al. to 11.1 months in SABR-COMET. The RMST differences for OS in SABR-COMET, Gomez et al., and SINDAS studies were 12.6, 15 and 7.9 months, respectively. CONCLUSION RMST demonstrates the efficacy of local treatment in OMD. Representing the expected survival time, this method effectively communicates outcomes to patients and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itamar Averbuch
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.
| | - Assaf Moore
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Ethan B Ludmir
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gal Markel
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tomer Meirson
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Averbuch I, Tschernichovsky R, Yust-Katz S, Rotem O, Limon D, Kurman N, Icht O, Reinhorn D, Moskovitz M, Hanovich E, Benouaich-Amiel A, Siegal T, Zer A, Gal O. Converging survival trends in non-small cell lung cancer patients with and without brain metastasis receiving state-of-the-art treatment. J Neurooncol 2024; 166:461-469. [PMID: 38324192 PMCID: PMC10876498 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-024-04562-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Historically, patients with brain metastasis (BM) have been excluded from clinical trials investigating treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) due to their unfavorable prognosis. Advanced treatments have increased survival prospects for NSCLC patients with BM. This study evaluated the life expectancy of NSCLC patients with and without BM in the context of contemporary treatments. METHODS Outcome data were collected for patients with advanced NSCLC attending a tertiary medical center between 2015 and 2020. Patients were stratified according to BM status and compared for overall survival (OS) using log-rank and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS The cohort included 360 patients with NSCLC of whom 134 (37.2%) had BM. Most (95%) of cases of BM developed within the first two years: 63% at diagnosis, 18% during the first year, 14% during the second year. There was no significant difference in OS between patients without BM and those with BM (median 23.7 vs. 22.3 months, HR = 0.97, p = 0.82); patients with BM and a targetable or non-targetable mutation (40.2 vs. 31.4 months, HR = 0.93, p = 0.84, and 20.7 vs. 19.87 months, HR = 0.95, p = 0.75, respectively); and patients with symptomatic BM (23.7 vs. 19.8 months, HR = 0.95, p = 0.78). Treatment for BM (95% of patients) consisted of stereotactic radiosurgery or tyrosine kinase inhibitors, with corresponding intracranial control rates of 90% and 86%. CONCLUSION The results imply that the presence of BM has no impact on the prognosis of NSCLC. The practice of excluding NSCLC patients with BM from clinical trials warrants reconsideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itamar Averbuch
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinsky St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel.
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
| | - Roi Tschernichovsky
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinsky St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shlomit Yust-Katz
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center at Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
| | - Ofer Rotem
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinsky St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Dror Limon
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinsky St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Noga Kurman
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinsky St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Oded Icht
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinsky St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Daniel Reinhorn
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinsky St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Mor Moskovitz
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinsky St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Ekaterina Hanovich
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinsky St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Alexandra Benouaich-Amiel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center at Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
| | - Tali Siegal
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center at Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alona Zer
- Fishman Oncology Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Omer Gal
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinsky St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
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Tschernichovsky R, Averbuch I, Goldstein DA, Mutai R, Dudnik E, Rotem O, Laufer-Geva S, Peled N, Goldberg Y, Zer A. BRCA mutations detected by tumour next-generation sequencing in non-small cell lung cancer: impact on response to therapy and disease course. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2023; 12:1011-1022. [PMID: 37323181 PMCID: PMC10261861 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-22-594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Data regarding the prevalence and clinical relevance of BRCA mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is limited. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of pathogenic BRCA variants detected by tumour next-generation sequencing (NGS) on disease course and response to therapy. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of all consecutive NSCLC patients with available NGS reports in a single institution between 01/2015 and 08/2020. Pathogenicity of identified mutations was determined according to American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guidelines. Log rank and cox regression analyses were used to determine the association between BRCA mutation status, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) under various front-line treatment modalities for advanced disease. Results Out of 445 patients with NGS data (54% tissue, 46% liquid), 109 (24.5%) patients had a documented BRCA variant; 5.6% (25/445) had a pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant (pBRCA). Forty percent (10/25) of pBRCA patients had no co-occurring NSCLC driver mutations. Patients with pBRCA NSCLC had a less prominent smoking history [mean 42.6 (29.2) vs. 25.7 (24.0) pack years; P=0.024]. Median PFS with first-line chemo-immunotherapy was significantly prolonged for pBRCA patients (n=7) compared with wild-type BRCA (wtBRCA) patients (n=30) (HR =0.279; P=0.021, 95% CI: 0.094-0.825). Conclusions pBRCA-mutated NSCLC can represent a specific subtype of pulmonary carcinoma. Patients whose tumours harbor pBRCA mutations present with a less prominent smoking history and exhibit prolonged PFS with chemo-immunotherapy combinations compared with wtBRCA controls. In a subset of these patients, pBRCA is the sole identifiable putative driver mutation, hinting at a significant role for BRCA loss in oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roi Tschernichovsky
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Itamar Averbuch
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Daniel Alex Goldstein
- Genito-Urinary Cancer Unit, Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Raz Mutai
- Thoracic Cancer Unit, Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Dudnik
- Oncology Division, Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, Ashdod, Israel
| | - Ofer Rotem
- Thoracic Cancer Unit, Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Smadar Laufer-Geva
- Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Nir Peled
- Oncology Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Goldberg
- The Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Alona Zer
- Fishman Oncology Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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Averbuch I, Tschernichovsky R, Icht O, Goldstein DA, Mutai R, Dudnik E, Rotem O, Peled N, Allen AM, Laufer-Geva S, Goldberg Y, Zer A. Correlations between pathogenic variants in DNA repair genes and anticancer treatment efficacy in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer: A large real-world cohort and review of the literature. Thorac Cancer 2023. [PMID: 37095004 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in genes involved in DNA damage repair (DDR), a hallmark of cancer, are associated with increased cancer cell sensitivity to certain therapies. This study sought to evaluate the association of DDR pathogenic variants with treatment efficacy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS A retrospective cohort of consecutive patients with advanced NSCLC attending a tertiary medical center who underwent next-generation sequencing in 01/2015-8/2020 were clustered according to DDR gene status and compared for overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) (patients receiving systemic therapy), local PFS (patients receiving definitive radiotherapy), and overall survival (OS) using log-rank and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS Of 225 patients with a clear tumor status, 42 had a pathogenic/likely pathogenic DDR variant (pDDR), and 183 had no DDR variant (wtDDR). Overall survival was similar in the two groups (24.2 vs. 23.1 months, p = 0.63). The pDDR group had a higher median local PFS after radiotherapy (median 45 months vs. 9.9 months, respectively; p = 0.044), a higher ORR (88.9% vs. 36.2%, p = 0.04), and a longer median PFS (not reached vs. 6.0 months, p = 0.01) in patients treated with immune checkpoint blockade. There was no difference in ORR, median PFS, and median OS in patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Our retrospective data suggest that in patients with stage 4 NSCLC, pathogenic variants in DDR pathway genes may be associated with higher efficacy of radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This should be further explored prospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itamar Averbuch
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Oded Icht
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Raz Mutai
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Ofer Rotem
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Nir Peled
- Oncology Division, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aaron M Allen
- Oncology Division, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Yael Goldberg
- The Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Alona Zer
- Fishman Oncology Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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Averbuch I, Stoff R, Miodovnik M, Fennig S, Bar-Sela G, Yakobson A, Daliot J, Asher N, Fenig E. Avelumab for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma-A multicenter real-world experience in Israel. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37012213 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy of the skin, affecting predominantly the fair-skinned older population exposed to high levels of ultraviolet light. Immune suppression is considered a significant risk factor. With the recent advances in the field of immunotherapy, the treatment paradigm for advanced MCC, traditionally based on chemotherapy, has largely shifted to anti-PD-L1 and PD-1 agents such as avelumab and pembrolizumab, respectively. However, real-world data remain sparse. The aim of this study was to assess real-world evidence of the effectiveness of avelumab in a diverse group of patients with MCC in Israel. METHODS The electronic databases of five university hospitals in Israel were searched for all consecutive patients with MCC treated with at least one dose of avelumab in 2018-2022. Data on baseline, disease-related, treatment-related, and outcome parameters were collected and analyzed. RESULTS The cohort included 62 patients of whom 22% were immune-suppressed. The overall response rate to avelumab was 59%. The median progression-free survival was 8.1 months, and the median overall survival, 23.5 months, with no differences between immune-competent and immune-suppressed patients. Treatment was well tolerated; any-grade toxicity developed in 34% of patients, and grade 3-4 toxicity, in 14%. CONCLUSIONS Avelumab was found to be effective and safe for the treatment of advanced MCC in a diverse group of patients, including some with immune suppression. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the optimal sequence and duration of treatment and to assess the potential role of avelumab for earlier stages of MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itamar Averbuch
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronen Stoff
- Ella Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mor Miodovnik
- Department of Dermatology, Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shlomit Fennig
- Institute of Oncology, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gil Bar-Sela
- Cancer Center, Emek Medical Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Israel Institute of Technology-Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alexander Yakobson
- The Legacy Heritage Oncology Center & Dr. Larry Norton Institute, Soroka Medical Center, School of Medicine, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Jonathan Daliot
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Natan Asher
- Ella Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Fenig
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Averbuch I, Salman S, Shtamper N, Doweck I, Popovtzer A, Markel G, Hendler D, Finkel I, Moore A, Fenig E, Taha T, Mhameed K, Kurman N, Billan S. First-line programmed death-1 inhibitor treatment for locoregionally advanced or metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma - A real-world experience from Israel. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1117804. [PMID: 36793605 PMCID: PMC9924127 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1117804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common non-melanoma skin cancer worldwide. It is usually treated surgically, with very high cure rates. However, in 3%-7% of cases, cSCC metastasizes to lymph nodes or distant organs. Many of the affected patients are elderly with comorbidities who are not candidates for standard-of-care curative-intent treatment with surgery and/or radio-/chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, which target programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathways, have recently emerged as a potent therapeutic option. The present report presents the Israeli experience with PD-1 inhibitors for the treatment of loco-regionally advanced or metastatic cSCC in a diverse and elderly population, with or without the addition of radiotherapy. Material and methods The databases of two university medical centers were retrospectively searched for patients with cSCC treated with the PD-1 inhibitors cemiplimab or pembrolizumab between January 2019 and May 2022. Data on baseline, disease-related, treatment-related, and outcome parameters were collected and analyzed. Results The cohort included 102 patients of a median age 78.5 years. Evaluable response data were available for 93. The overall response rate was 80.6%: complete response in 42 patients (45.2%) and partial response in 33 (35.5%). Stable disease was recorded in 7 (7.5%) and progressive disease in 11 (11.8%). Median progression-free survival was 29.5 months. Radiotherapy was administered to the target lesion during PD-1 treatment in 22.5% of patients. mPFS was not significantly different in patients who treated with RT than patients how did not (NR vs 18.4 months, HR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.39 - 2.17, p<0.859). Any-grade toxicity was recorded in 57 patients (55%), including grade ‗3 in 25, of whom 5 (5% of cohort) died. Compared to toxicity-free patients, patients with drug toxicity had better progression-free survival (18.4 months vs not reached, HR=0.33, 95% CI: 0.13-0.82, p=0.012) and higher overall response rate (87% vs 71.8%, p=0.06). Conclusion This retrospective real-world study showed that PD-1 inhibitors were effective in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic cSCC and appeared to be amenable for use in elderly or fragile patients with comorbidities. However, the high toxicity warrants consideration against other modalities. Induction or consolidation radiotherapy may improve the results. These findings need to be corroborated in a prospective trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itamar Averbuch
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Saeed Salman
- The Joseph Fishman Oncology Center, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Affiliated to the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Israel Institute of Technology-Technion, Haifa, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noa Shtamper
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilana Doweck
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Affiliated to the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Israel Institute of Technology-Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Aron Popovtzer
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Affiliated with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gal Markel
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Hendler
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inbar Finkel
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Assaf Moore
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Fenig
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tarek Taha
- Oncology Institute, Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Affiliated with Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Poriya, Israel
| | - Kamel Mhameed
- The Joseph Fishman Oncology Center, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Affiliated to the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Israel Institute of Technology-Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noga Kurman
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Salem Billan
- The Joseph Fishman Oncology Center, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Affiliated to the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Israel Institute of Technology-Technion, Haifa, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Icht O, Darzi N, Shimony S, Jacobi O, Reinhorn D, Landman Y, Mutai R, Averbuch I, Shochat T, Spectre G, Raanani P, Rotem O, Dudnik E, Peled N, Zer A, Leader A. Venous thromboembolism incidence and risk assessment in lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:1250-1258. [PMID: 33605020 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are scarce data on venous thromboembolism (VTE) rates among non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). The Khorana Score (KS), used to guide thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients, was validated in patients receiving chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE To assess VTE rates and KS performance among NSCLC patients treated with ICI or chemotherapy. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of NSCLC patients starting either ICI or platinum-based chemotherapy. The 6-month cumulative incidence of VTE in the ICI and chemotherapy cohorts and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, using death as a competing risk. Subgroup analysis of low (0-1) and high (≥2) KS risk groups was performed. RESULTS The study included 345 NSCLC patients receiving single agent ICI (n = 176) or chemotherapy (n = 169). The 6-month cumulative incidence of VTE was 7.1% in the chemotherapy cohort and 4.5% in the ICI cohort (HR for chemotherapy = 1.6, 95% CI 0.66-3.9). Among chemotherapy treated patients, the high-risk KS group had a trend toward a higher VTE incidence, compared with patients with a low-risk KS (HR 3.04, 95% CI 0.82-11.22). Among ICI-treated patients, the high-risk KS group had a trend toward a lower VTE incidence compared with the low-risk group (HR 0.17, 95% CI 0.02-1.36). CONCLUSIONS VTE rates were higher among NSCLC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy than those treated with ICI alone, though the precision of the relative estimate is low. The KS did not identify high-risk ICI-treated patients, suggesting that an ICI-specific risk model is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Icht
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Naama Darzi
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Shai Shimony
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Oded Jacobi
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Daniel Reinhorn
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Yosef Landman
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Raz Mutai
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Itamar Averbuch
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Tzippy Shochat
- Statistical consulting unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Galia Spectre
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Pia Raanani
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Ofer Rotem
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Dudnik
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Peled
- Soroka Cancer Institute, Soroka Medical Center, affiliated to Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alona Zer
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avi Leader
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
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Abstract
Thirty-three schizophrenic inpatients aged 45.3 +/- 13.5 years who had been found not guilty of homicide by reason of insanity were compared with 28 schizophrenic patients matched for age, sex and duration of disease who had not committed any crime. Statistical analysis revealed a high rate in the study group of individual factors associated with aggression, such as alcohol abuse, previous contact with the police, aggressive behavior and threats (P < 0.05). Significantly more of them were also immigrants (P < 0.05). There was no between-group difference in familial factors. These findings support earlier studies indicating that schizophrenic patients with the profile of alcoholism, aggressiveness and foreign country of origin are at high risk of homicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Valevski
- Geha Psychiatric Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Hurewitz AN, Sidhu U, Bergofsky EH, Leff B, Averbuch I, Grimson R, Chanana AD. Cardiovascular and respiratory consequences of tension pneumothorax. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1986; 22:545-9. [PMID: 3828545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The physiologic responses to acute pneumothorax were investigated in awake, standing sheep. Pleural pressure (Ppl) was raised in graded increments by injecting air from a 500 ml syringe into the pleural cavity of eight sheep to produce pneumothorax volumes of 0, 17, 35 and 45 ml.kg-1. At the maximum value of 45 ml.kg-1 (approximately equal to 1,400 ml), Ppl at end-expiration was raised to 10 +/- 2 mmHg (mean +/- SD) whereas end-inspiratory Ppl remained negative in half the sheep as the result of increased thoracic pressure swings. The most striking haemodynamic impairment was a 22% fall in stroke volume. Cardiac output, however, remained fixed at baseline values as a result of a 28% rise in heart rate. Although hypotension has been commonly held as a consequence of severe pneumothorax, mean systemic arterial pressure increased, rising by 19% in the entire group at the maximal pneumothorax tolerated. Pulmonary gas exchange was significantly disrupted by pneumothorax, as indicated by both a 40% fall in Pao2 and a 19% reduction in arterial oxygen content. Despite a reduction in tidal volume, the sheep initially remained eucapnic by generating an increased respiratory rate and slightly increasing minute-ventilation. However, at pneumothorax volumes of 45 ml X kg-1, the sheep were no longer able to sustain minute-ventilation and a small rise in PaCO2 followed. The reduced arterial oxygen content and the fixed cardiac output led to a progressive reduction in systemic oxygen transport.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Belmaker RH, Zohar J, Rimon R, Averbuch I. Cyclic AMP and GMP in the cerebrospinal fluid after high-dose haloperidol treatment. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1984; 36:217-20. [PMID: 6089157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Very high dose haloperidol treatment failed to reduce cyclic AMP in cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic patients, whereas phenothiazines have been reported to do so. This may represent in vivo evidence for the distinction between neuroleptics that block D1 receptors (adenylate cyclase linked) and neuroleptics that do not.
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Stein D, Bannet J, Averbuch I, Landa L, Chazan S, Belmaker RH. Ineffectiveness of vasopressin in the treatment of memory impairment in chronic schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1984; 84:566-8. [PMID: 6441958 DOI: 10.1007/bf00431468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A vasopressin derivative or placebo was administered to 21 chronic schizophrenia patients for 3 weeks in a randomized crossover double-blind design. The patients were divided into those above and below the median on baseline memory measured by the Wechsler memory scale. Vasopressin treatment did not improve memory either in those patients with below median baseline memory or in the group as a whole.
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Rimón R, Terenius L, Averbuch I, Belmaker RH. High-dose haloperidol increases CSF opioid activity in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Pharmacopsychiatria 1983; 16:9-12. [PMID: 6828553 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1017440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Rimón R, Averbuch I, Rozick P, Fijman-Danilovich L, Kara T, Dasberg H, Ebstein RP, Belmaker RH. Serum and CSF levels of haloperidol by radioimmunoassay and radioreceptor assay during high-dose therapy of resistant schizophrenic patients. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1981; 73:197-9. [PMID: 6785816 DOI: 10.1007/bf00429218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of haloperidol were measured in 12 chronic neuroleptic-nonresponsive schizophrenic patients after 1 month on 60 mg haloperidol daily and then again after 1 month on 120 mg haloperidol daily. Serum haloperidol and CSF haloperidol rose with increasing dose. Serum and CSF levels were significantly correlated. No clinical improvement was achieved despite the high serum and CSF drug levels.
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