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Bertoldi A, Feng CH, Eneriz H, Carey M, Naik DS, Junca J, Zou X, Sabulsky DO, Canuel B, Bouyer P, Prevedelli M. A control hardware based on a field programmable gate array for experiments in atomic physics. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:033203. [PMID: 32260006 DOI: 10.1063/1.5129595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Experiments in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical (AMO) physics require precise and accurate control of digital, analog, and radio frequency (RF) signals. We present control hardware based on a field programmable gate array core that drives various modules via a simple interface bus. The system supports an operating frequency of 10 MHz and a memory depth of 8 M (223) instructions, both easily scalable. Successive experimental sequences can be stacked with no dead time and synchronized with external events at any instructions. Two or more units can be cascaded and synchronized to a common clock, a feature useful to operate large experimental setups in a modular way.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bertoldi
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - C-H Feng
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - H Eneriz
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - M Carey
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - D S Naik
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - J Junca
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - X Zou
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - D O Sabulsky
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - B Canuel
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - P Bouyer
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - M Prevedelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Via Berti-Pichat 6/2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
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Sabulsky DO, Junca J, Lefèvre G, Zou X, Bertoldi A, Battelier B, Prevedelli M, Stern G, Santoire J, Beaufils Q, Geiger R, Landragin A, Desruelle B, Bouyer P, Canuel B. A fibered laser system for the MIGA large scale atom interferometer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3268. [PMID: 32094360 PMCID: PMC7040012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59971-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the realization and characterization of a compact, autonomous fiber laser system that produces the optical frequencies required for laser cooling, trapping, manipulation, and detection of 87Rb atoms - a typical atomic species for emerging quantum technologies. This device, a customized laser system from the Muquans company, is designed for use in the challenging operating environment of the Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit (LSBB) in France, where a new large scale atom interferometer is being constructed underground - the MIGA antenna. The mobile bench comprises four frequency-agile C-band Telecom diode lasers that are frequency doubled to 780 nm after passing through high-power fiber amplifiers. The first laser is frequency stabilized on a saturated absorption signal via lock-in amplification, which serves as an optical frequency reference for the other three lasers via optical phase-locked loops. Power and polarization stability are maintained through a series of custom, flexible micro-optic splitter/combiners that contain polarization optics, acousto-optic modulators, and shutters. Here, we show how the laser system is designed, showcasing qualities such as reliability, stability, remote control, and flexibility, while maintaining the qualities of laboratory equipment. We characterize the laser system by measuring the power, polarization, and frequency stability. We conclude with a demonstration using a cold atom source from the MIGA project and show that this laser system fulfills all requirements for the realization of the antenna.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O Sabulsky
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - J Junca
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
- MUQUANS, Institut d'Optique d'Aquitaine, rue F. Mitterrand, 33400, Talence, France
| | - G Lefèvre
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - X Zou
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - A Bertoldi
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - B Battelier
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - M Prevedelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Via Berti-Pichat 6/2, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Stern
- MUQUANS, Institut d'Optique d'Aquitaine, rue F. Mitterrand, 33400, Talence, France
| | - J Santoire
- MUQUANS, Institut d'Optique d'Aquitaine, rue F. Mitterrand, 33400, Talence, France
| | - Q Beaufils
- LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014, Paris, France
| | - R Geiger
- LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014, Paris, France
| | - A Landragin
- LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014, Paris, France
| | - B Desruelle
- MUQUANS, Institut d'Optique d'Aquitaine, rue F. Mitterrand, 33400, Talence, France
| | - P Bouyer
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - B Canuel
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France.
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Canuel B, Bertoldi A, Amand L, Pozzo di Borgo E, Chantrait T, Danquigny C, Dovale Álvarez M, Fang B, Freise A, Geiger R, Gillot J, Henry S, Hinderer J, Holleville D, Junca J, Lefèvre G, Merzougui M, Mielec N, Monfret T, Pelisson S, Prevedelli M, Reynaud S, Riou I, Rogister Y, Rosat S, Cormier E, Landragin A, Chaibi W, Gaffet S, Bouyer P. Exploring gravity with the MIGA large scale atom interferometer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14064. [PMID: 30218107 PMCID: PMC6138683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the MIGA experiment, an underground long baseline atom interferometer to study gravity at large scale. The hybrid atom-laser antenna will use several atom interferometers simultaneously interrogated by the resonant mode of an optical cavity. The instrument will be a demonstrator for gravitational wave detection in a frequency band (100 mHz–1 Hz) not explored by classical ground and space-based observatories, and interesting for potential astrophysical sources. In the initial instrument configuration, standard atom interferometry techniques will be adopted, which will bring to a peak strain sensitivity of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\bf{2}}\cdot {\bf{1}}{{\bf{0}}}^{-{\bf{13}}}/\sqrt{{\bf{H}}{\bf{z}}}$$\end{document}2⋅10−13/Hz at 2 Hz. This demonstrator will enable to study the techniques to push further the sensitivity for the future development of gravitational wave detectors based on large scale atom interferometers. The experiment will be realized at the underground facility of the Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit (LSBB) in Rustrel–France, an exceptional site located away from major anthropogenic disturbances and showing very low background noise. In the following, we present the measurement principle of an in-cavity atom interferometer, derive the method for Gravitational Wave signal extraction from the antenna and determine the expected strain sensitivity. We then detail the functioning of the different systems of the antenna and describe the properties of the installation site.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Canuel
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France. .,LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France.
| | - A Bertoldi
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - L Amand
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61, avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - E Pozzo di Borgo
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,UMR 1114 EMMAH, Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, INRA, BP 21239, F-84916, Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - T Chantrait
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61, avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - C Danquigny
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,UMR 1114 EMMAH, Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, INRA, BP 21239, F-84916, Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - M Dovale Álvarez
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Gravitational Wave Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - B Fang
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61, avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - A Freise
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Gravitational Wave Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - R Geiger
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61, avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - J Gillot
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - S Henry
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK
| | - J Hinderer
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, UMR 7516, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, 5 rue Descartes, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - D Holleville
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61, avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - J Junca
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - G Lefèvre
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - M Merzougui
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,Laboratoire ARTEMIS, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Observatoire Côte d'Azur, Bd de l'Observatoire, F-06304, Nice cedex 4, France
| | - N Mielec
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61, avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - T Monfret
- Géoazur, Université Côte d'Azur, IRD, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, 250 rue Albert Einstein, Sophia Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - S Pelisson
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - M Prevedelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Via Berti-Pichat 6/2, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Reynaud
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, ENS-PSL Université, Collège de France, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75252, Paris, France
| | - I Riou
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Y Rogister
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, UMR 7516, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, 5 rue Descartes, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - S Rosat
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, UMR 7516, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, 5 rue Descartes, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - E Cormier
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,CELIA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, Université Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - A Landragin
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61, avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - W Chaibi
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,Laboratoire ARTEMIS, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Observatoire Côte d'Azur, Bd de l'Observatoire, F-06304, Nice cedex 4, France
| | - S Gaffet
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,Géoazur, Université Côte d'Azur, IRD, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, 250 rue Albert Einstein, Sophia Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France.,LSBB, Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit, UNS, UAPV, CNRS:UMS 3538, AMU, La Grande Combe, F-84400, Rustrel, France
| | - P Bouyer
- MIGA Consortium, Talence, France.,LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400, Talence, France
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