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Gonzalez-Vilchez F, Vazquez de Prada JA, Paniagua MJ, Gomez-Bueno M, Arizon JM, Almenar L, Roig E, Delgado J, Lambert JL, Perez-Villa F, Sanz-Julve ML, Crespo-Leiro M, Segovia J, Lopez-Granados A, Martinez-Dolz L, Mirabet S, Escribano P, Diaz-Molina B, Farrero M, Blasco T. Use of mTOR inhibitors in chronic heart transplant recipients with renal failure: calcineurin-inhibitors conversion or minimization? Int J Cardiol 2013; 171:15-23. [PMID: 24309084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decade, mTOR inhibitors (mTOR-is) have become the cornerstone of the calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-reduced/free regimens aimed to the preservation of post-transplant renal function. We compared utility and safety of the total replacement of calcineurin inhibitors with a mTOR-i with a strategy based on calcineurin inhibitor minimization and concomitant use of m-TOR-i. METHODS In a retrospective multi-center cohort of 394 maintenance cardiac recipients with renal failure (GFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), we compared 235 patients in whom CNI was replaced with a mTOR-i (sirolimus or everolimus) with 159 patients in whom mTOR-is were used to minimize CNIs. A propensity score analysis was carried out to balance between group differences. RESULTS Overall, after a median time of 2 years from mTOR-i initiation, between group differences for the evolution of renal function were not observed. In a multivariate adjusted model, improvement of renal function was limited to patients with mTOR-i usage within 5years after transplantation, particularly with the conversion strategy, and in those patients who could maintain mTOR-i therapy. Significant differences between strategies were not found for mortality, infection and mTOR-i withdrawal due to drug-related adverse events. However, conversion group tended to have a higher acute rejection incidence than the minimization group (p=0.07). CONCLUSION In terms of renal benefits, our results support an earlier use of mTOR-is, irrespective of the strategy. The selection of either a conversion or a CNI minimization protocol should be based on the clinical characteristics of the patients, particularly their rejection risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gonzalez-Vilchez
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Instituto de Formación e Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IFIMAV), Santander, Spain.
| | - J A Vazquez de Prada
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Instituto de Formación e Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IFIMAV), Santander, Spain
| | - M J Paniagua
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital de La Coruña, La Coruña, Spain
| | - M Gomez-Bueno
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Arizon
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | - L Almenar
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - E Roig
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Delgado
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Lambert
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - F Perez-Villa
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M L Sanz-Julve
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Crespo-Leiro
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital de La Coruña, La Coruña, Spain
| | - J Segovia
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Lopez-Granados
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | - L Martinez-Dolz
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Mirabet
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Escribano
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Diaz-Molina
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Farrero
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Blasco
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation Unit, Cardiology Service, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
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Pena Pena ML, Ruiz Ortiz M, Mesa Rubio D, Delgado Ortega M, Romo E, Santisteban M, Puentes Chiachio M, Lopez Granados A, Arizon JM, Suarez De Lezo J. Impact of acute rejection in classical and emergent echocardiographic parameters of right ventricular function. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p2169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pena Pena ML, Ruiz Ortiz M, Mesa Rubio D, Delgado Ortega M, Romo E, Puentes Chiachio M, Santisteban M, Lopez Granados A, Arizon JM, Suarez De Lezo J. Normal values of classical and new parameters of right ventricular function in the absence of rejection in the first year post heart transplantation. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.p3852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Santamaria M, Marubayashi M, Arizon JM, Montero A, Concha M, Valles F, Lopez A, Lopez F, Peña J. The activation antigen CD69 is selectively expressed on CD8+ endomyocardium infiltrating T lymphocytes in human rejecting heart allografts. Hum Immunol 1992; 33:1-4. [PMID: 1548145 DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(92)90044-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the presence of T-cell subsets (CD4/CD8) and the activation markers CD25 and CD69 in the cellular infiltrates of endomyocardium biopsies taken from transplanted human hearts. The results indicate that CD25 was present within specimens mainly infiltrated by CD4+ cells. In contrast, CD69 was found in infiltrated biopsies by CD8+ cells, as determined by single immunofluorescence. Double immunoenzymatic staining was used to investigate the cellular distribution of the activation markers studied in some representative cases. Thus, CD25 was found on both CD4+ and CD8+ cells while CD69 molecule was selectively expressed on CD8+ T-cell subset. These results suggest that CD69 is a surface molecule relevant to the CD8+ cell-mediated graft rejection events of allografted human hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Santamaria
- Servicio de Inmunologia, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Spain
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Suarez de Lezo J, Casey P, Casey A, Carrasco JL, Arizon JM, Cantalapiedra IA, Gattiker HF. Effects of acute changes in load and inotropic state on the exponential rate of fiber shortening and other indices of myocardial contractility in the anesthetized intact dog. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1987; 65:46-53. [PMID: 3567719 DOI: 10.1139/y87-009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of an acute increase in preload, afterload, and inotropic state on several indices of left ventricular contractility were studied in 20 anesthetized intact dogs. The behaviour of the exponential rate of fiber shortening (ERFS), a newly described index, which is based on the instantaneous fiber length--time relationship through ejection, was compared with other classical ejection and isovolumic indices of left ventricular contractility. Acute volume overload by dextran 40 infusion produced a significant increase in preload as reflected by a 103% (p less than 0.01) increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and a 121% (p less than 0.001) increase in end-diastolic circumferential wall stress. There was also a smaller but significant increase (p less than 0.05) of heart rate (30%) and of peak systolic circumferential wall stress (24%). None of the left ventricular contractility indices showed any significant change. Acute pressure overload, produced mechanically by an aortic balloon, increased the afterload significantly as reflected by a 33% (p less than 0.05) rise of end-systolic circumferential wall stress and a 43% (p less than 0.001) increase in systemic resistance. Stroke volume decreased significantly by 23% (p less than 0.05). All ejection indices, including ERFS, were significantly diminished by 30-37%; all isovolumic indices showed no significant changes. Positive inotropic intervention was induced by dopamine infusion, which caused a significant 28% (p less than 0.05) increase in cardiac output. End-diastolic and end-systolic circumferential wall stress were significantly diminished. All indices of left ventricular contractility increased significantly and ERFS showed the quantitatively greatest change.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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