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Kaur A, Dhaliwal A, Sohal S, Bhatia K, Sharma V, Cohen M, Visveswaran G, Salonia J, Kodra A, Basman C, Kliger C. Efficacy and safety outcomes of ultrasound assisted thrombolysis versus standard catheter direct thrombolysis in patients with submassive or massive pulmonary embolism: an updated meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The use of catheter-based thrombolysis in comparison to systemic thrombolytics has emerged as a potentially lifesaving therapy for patients with sub massive or massive pulmonary embolism (PE). The addition of ultrasound waves to accelerate lytic dispersion in ultrasound assisted thrombolysis (USAT) has been proposed to improve outcomes as compared to standard catheter-directed thrombolysis (SCDT). These two modalities have been compared in small studies, but larger population data on the outcomes of these therapies is still lacking.
Purpose
To assess the efficacy and safety of USAT versus SCDT in patients with submassive or massive pulmonary embolism.
Methods
A review of electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane) was performed using keywords USAT, SCDT and PE and studies were included if efficacy and safety outcomes were compared between the two types of therapies. Efficacy outcomes that were evaluated included the reduction in right ventricle/left ventricle ratio (RV/LV ratio), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and Miller score. Safety outcomes that were evaluated included major bleeding, mortality and length of ICU stay. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for continuous variables. Risk ratio (RR) and 95% CI were reported for dichotomous variables using the random effects model in comprehensive meta-analysis and RevMan 5.4.1 softwares.
Results
Six studies with a total of 381 patients (USAT n=204; SCDT n=177) were included. No statistical difference in efficacy outcomes of USAT over SCDT was noted in the degree of RV/LV ratio reduction (SMD: −0.507; CI: −1.386–0.373; p>0.05; I2=92%), PASP reduction (SMD: 0.037; CI: −0.404–0.478; p>0.05; I2=59%), or Miller score reduction (SMD: 0.303; CI: −0.481– 1.087; p>0.05; I2=82%). Safety outcomes were also not statistically different with similar rates of major bleeding (RR: 1.44; CI: 0.54–3.85; p>0.05; I2=4%), mortality (RR: 1.46; CI: 0.35–6.05; p>0.05; I2=0%) and length of ICU stay (SMD: −0.01; CI: −0.29–0.27; p>0.05; I2=31%) in both treatment groups.
Conclusion
Our data suggest that despite the technological advancement of USAT, there is no additional benefit over SCDT in terms of efficacy and safety. Further studies are warranted for both procedures investigating financial and clinical outcomes in real world practice.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kaur
- Mount Sinai St Luke's and Mount Sinai West Hospital , New York , United States of America
| | - A Dhaliwal
- New York Hand Surgery , New York , United States of America
| | - S Sohal
- Newark Beth Israel Medical Center , Newark , United States of America
| | - K Bhatia
- Mount Sinai St Luke's and Mount Sinai West Hospital , New York , United States of America
| | - V Sharma
- Mount Sinai St Luke's and Mount Sinai West Hospital , New York , United States of America
| | - M Cohen
- Newark Beth Israel Medical Center , Newark , United States of America
| | - G Visveswaran
- Newark Beth Israel Medical Center , Newark , United States of America
| | - J Salonia
- Mount Sinai St Luke's and Mount Sinai West Hospital , New York , United States of America
| | - A Kodra
- Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute , New York , United States of America
| | - C Basman
- Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute , New York , United States of America
| | - C Kliger
- Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute , New York , United States of America
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