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Süßmann F, Seiffert L, Zherebtsov S, Mondes V, Stierle J, Arbeiter M, Plenge J, Rupp P, Peltz C, Kessel A, Trushin SA, Ahn B, Kim D, Graf C, Rühl E, Kling MF, Fennel T. Field propagation-induced directionality of carrier-envelope phase-controlled photoemission from nanospheres. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7944. [PMID: 26264422 PMCID: PMC4557130 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-fields of non-resonantly laser-excited nanostructures enable strong localization of ultrashort light fields and have opened novel routes to fundamentally modify and control electronic strong-field processes. Harnessing spatiotemporally tunable near-fields for the steering of sub-cycle electron dynamics may enable ultrafast optoelectronic devices and unprecedented control in the generation of attosecond electron and photon pulses. Here we utilize unsupported sub-wavelength dielectric nanospheres to generate near-fields with adjustable structure and study the resulting strong-field dynamics via photoelectron imaging. We demonstrate field propagation-induced tunability of the emission direction of fast recollision electrons up to a regime, where nonlinear charge interaction effects become dominant in the acceleration process. Our analysis supports that the timing of the recollision process remains controllable with attosecond resolution by the carrier-envelope phase, indicating the possibility to expand near-field-mediated control far into the realm of high-field phenomena. The localized enhancement of laser light in optical near-fields of nanostructures enables the steering of ultrafast electronic motion. Here, the authors employ field propagation in nanospheres to obtain directional tunability and attosecond control of near-field-induced strong-field photoemission.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Süßmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany.,Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L Seiffert
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - S Zherebtsov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany.,Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - V Mondes
- Physical Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Stierle
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Arbeiter
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - J Plenge
- Physical Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - P Rupp
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany.,Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - C Peltz
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - A Kessel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S A Trushin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - B Ahn
- Department of Physics, Center for Attosecond Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea.,Max Planck Center for Attosecond Science, Max Planck POSTECH/KOREA Res. Init., Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - D Kim
- Department of Physics, Center for Attosecond Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea.,Max Planck Center for Attosecond Science, Max Planck POSTECH/KOREA Res. Init., Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - C Graf
- Physical Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - E Rühl
- Physical Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - M F Kling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany.,Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.,Department of Physics, Center for Attosecond Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea.,J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas-State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - T Fennel
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
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Najar-Rodriguez AJ, Galizia CG, Stierle J, Dorn S. Behavioral and neurophysiological responses of an insect to changing ratios of constituents in host plant-derived volatile mixtures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 213:3388-97. [PMID: 20833933 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.046284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ratios of compounds in host plant odors fluctuate with the phenological stage of the plant. In the present study, we investigated the effect of changing ratios of host plant volatile constituents on herbivore insect attraction and olfactory information processing. We tested a synthetic mixture of bioactive peach shoot volatiles with different concentrations of one of the mixture constituents, benzonitrile, on oriental fruit moth Cydia (=Grapholita) molesta females. Y-tube olfactometer bioassays showed that female attraction to the mixture was maintained while increasing the benzonitrile level up to 100 times. Further increases led to behaviorally ineffective mixtures. Then, we recorded odor-evoked neural activity patterns in the antennal lobes, the main olfactory center of the brain, using calcium imaging. Benzonitrile-containing mixtures elicited strong activation in two glomeruli, which were found to process mixture-related information in specific ways. Activation in one glomerulus directly paralleled behavioral effects of the different ratios tested whereas a deviating pattern was noted in the other glomerulus. Our results indicate that the ratio of constituents in a volatile mixture can be varied to a certain degree without reducing female attraction. Thus, volatile blends in nature might vary quantitatively within a certain range without affecting odor-guided host location. Neurophysiological results showed that the processing of mixture-related information inside the antennal lobes is not uniform across glomeruli. Thus, final processing of this information probably takes place in higher-order brain centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Najar-Rodriguez
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Plant, Animal and Agroecosystem Sciences/Applied Entomology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9/LFO, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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