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Parker BA, Walton CM, Carr ST, Andrus JL, Cheung ECK, Duplisea MJ, Wilson EK, Draney C, Lathen DR, Kenner KB, Thomson DM, Tessem JS, Bikman BT. β-Hydroxybutyrate Elicits Favorable Mitochondrial Changes in Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2247. [PMID: 30071599 PMCID: PMC6121962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical benefit of ketosis has historically and almost exclusively centered on neurological conditions, lending insight into how ketones alter mitochondrial function in neurons. However, there is a gap in our understanding of how ketones influence mitochondria within skeletal muscle cells. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the specific effects of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) on muscle cell mitochondrial physiology. In addition to increased cell viability, murine myotubes displayed beneficial mitochondrial changes evident in reduced H₂O₂ emission and less mitochondrial fission, which may be a result of a β-HB-induced reduction in ceramides. Furthermore, muscle from rats in sustained ketosis similarly produced less H₂O₂ despite an increase in mitochondrial respiration and no apparent change in mitochondrial quantity. In sum, these results indicate a general improvement in muscle cell mitochondrial function when β-HB is provided as a fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Parker
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Chase M Walton
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Sheryl T Carr
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Jacob L Andrus
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Eric C K Cheung
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Michael J Duplisea
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Esther K Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Carrie Draney
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Daniel R Lathen
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Kyle B Kenner
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - David M Thomson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Jeffery S Tessem
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Benjamin T Bikman
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
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