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Tran DM, Zhang F, Morrison KP, Loeb KR, Harrang J, Kajimoto M, Chavez F, Wu L, Miao CH. Transcutaneous Ultrasound-Mediated Nonviral Gene Delivery to the Liver in a Porcine Model. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2019; 14:275-284. [PMID: 31497618 PMCID: PMC6718807 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound (US)-mediated gene delivery (UMGD) of nonviral vectors was demonstrated in this study to be an effective method to transfer genes into the livers of large animals via a minimally invasive approach. We developed a transhepatic venous nonviral gene delivery protocol in combination with transcutaneous, therapeutic US (tUS) to facilitate significant gene transfer in pig livers. A balloon catheter was inserted into the pig hepatic veins of the target liver lobes via jugular vein access under fluoroscopic guidance. tUS exposure was continuously applied to the lobe with simultaneous infusion of pGL4 plasmid (encoding a luciferase reporter gene) and microbubbles. tUS was delivered via an unfocused, two-element disc transducer (H105) or a novel focused, single-element transducer (H114). We found applying transcutaneous US using H114 and H105 with longer pulses and reduced acoustic pressures resulted in an over 100-fold increase in luciferase activity relative to untreated lobes. We also showed effective UMGD by achieving focal regions of >105 relative light units (RLUs)/mg protein with minimal tissue damage, demonstrating the feasibility for clinical translation of this technique to treat patients with genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic M Tran
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Keith R Loeb
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - James Harrang
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Masaki Kajimoto
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | | | - Li Wu
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Carol H Miao
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Tran DM, Harrang J, Song S, Chen J, Smith BM, Miao CH. Prolonging pulse duration in ultrasound-mediated gene delivery lowers acoustic pressure threshold for efficient gene transfer to cells and small animals. J Control Release 2018; 279:345-354. [PMID: 29702143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
While ultrasound-mediated gene delivery (UMGD) has been accomplished using high peak negative pressures (PNPs) of 2 MPa or above, emerging research showed that this may not be a requirement for microbubble (MB) cavitation. Thus, we investigated lower-pressure conditions close to the MB inertial cavitation threshold and focused towards further increasing gene transfer efficiency and reducing associated cell damage. We created a matrix of 21 conditions (n = 3/cond.) to test in HEK293T cells using pulse durations spanning 18 μs-36 ms and PNPs spanning 0.5-2.5 MPa. Longer pulse duration conditions yielded significant increase in transgene expression relative to sham with local maxima between 20 J and 100 J energy curves. A similar set of 17 conditions (n = 4/cond.) was tested in mice using pulse durations spanning 18 μs-22 ms and PNPs spanning 0.5-2.5 MPa. We observed local maxima located between 1 J and 10 J energy curves in treated mice. Of these, several low pressure conditions showed a decrease in ALT and AST levels while maintaining better or comparable expression to our positive control, indicating a clear benefit to allow for effective transfection with minimized tissue damage versus the high-intensity control. Our data indicates that it is possible to eliminate the requirement of high PNPs by prolonging pulse durations for effective UMGD in vitro and in vivo, circumventing the peak power density limitations imposed by piezo-materials used in US transducers. Overall, these results demonstrate the advancement of UMGD technology for achieving efficient gene transfer and potential scalability to larger animal models and human application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic M Tran
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - James Harrang
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Shuxian Song
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jeremy Chen
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Bryn M Smith
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Carol H Miao
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Harrang J, Song S, Smith BM, Morrison K, Miao CH. 492. Manipulation of Ultrasound Conditions for Effective Gene Delivery in a Porcine Model. Mol Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Miao CH, Noble ML, Loeb KR, Harrang J, Kuhr CS, Graves SS, Morrison KP, Nichols T, Smith B, Song S, Storb RF, Keilman GW. 268. Enhanced Gene Expression of Factor VIII by Ultrasound-Mediated Gene Delivery in Dogs. Mol Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Song S, Harrang J, Smith B, Morrison K, Kielman G, Miao CH. 352. Improvement of Targeted Gene Transfer Mediated By Ultrasound and Microbubble in a Swine Model. Mol Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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