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Rier L, Rhodes N, Pakenham D, Boto E, Holmes N, Hill RM, Reina Rivero G, Shah V, Doyle C, Osborne J, Bowtell RW, Taylor M, Brookes MJ. The neurodevelopmental trajectory of beta band oscillations: an OPM-MEG study. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.04.573933. [PMID: 38260246 PMCID: PMC10802362 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.04.573933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Neural oscillations mediate the coordination of activity within and between brain networks, supporting cognition and behaviour. How these processes develop throughout childhood is not only an important neuroscientific question but could also shed light on the mechanisms underlying neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, measuring the neurodevelopmental trajectory of oscillations has been hampered by confounds from instrumentation. In this paper, we investigate the suitability of a disruptive new imaging platform - Optically Pumped Magnetometer-based magnetoencephalography (OPM-MEG) - to study oscillations during brain development. We show how a unique 192-channel OPM-MEG device, which is adaptable to head size and robust to participant movement, can be used to collect high-fidelity electrophysiological data in individuals aged between 2 and 34 years. Data were collected during a somatosensory task, and we measured both stimulus-induced modulation of beta oscillations in sensory cortex, and whole-brain connectivity, showing that both modulate significantly with age. Moreover, we show that pan-spectral bursts of electrophysiological activity drive task-induced beta modulation, and that their probability of occurrence and spectral content change with age. Our results offer new insights into the developmental trajectory of beta oscillations and provide clear evidence that OPM-MEG is an ideal platform for studying electrophysiology in neurodevelopment.
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Schofield H, Hill RM, Feys O, Holmes N, Osborne J, Doyle C, Bobela D, Corvilian P, Wens V, Rier L, Bowtell R, Ferez M, Mullinger KJ, Coleman S, Rhodes N, Rea M, Tanner Z, Boto E, de Tiège X, Shah V, Brookes MJ. A Novel, Robust, and Portable Platform for Magnetoencephalography using Optically Pumped Magnetometers. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.06.583313. [PMID: 38558964 PMCID: PMC10979878 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.06.583313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures brain function via assessment of magnetic fields generated by neural currents. Conventional MEG uses superconducting sensors, which place significant limitations on performance, practicality, and deployment; however, the field has been revolutionised in recent years by the introduction of optically-pumped-magnetometers (OPMs). OPMs enable measurement of the MEG signal without cryogenics, and consequently the conception of 'OPM-MEG' systems which ostensibly allow increased sensitivity and resolution, lifespan compliance, free subject movement, and lower cost. However, OPM-MEG remains in its infancy with limitations on both sensor and system design. Here, we report a new OPM-MEG design with miniaturised and integrated electronic control, a high level of portability, and improved sensor dynamic range (arguably the biggest limitation of existing instrumentation). We show that this system produces equivalent measures when compared to an established instrument; specifically, when measuring task-induced beta-band, gamma-band and evoked neuro-electrical responses, source localisations from the two systems were highly comparable and temporal correlation was >0.7 at the individual level and >0.9 for groups. Using an electromagnetic phantom, we demonstrate improved dynamic range by running the system in background fields up to 8 nT. We show that the system is effective in gathering data during free movement (including a sitting-to-standing paradigm) and that it is compatible with simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG - the clinical standard). Finally, we demonstrate portability by moving the system between two laboratories. Overall, our new system is shown to be a significant step forward for OPM-MEG technology and offers an attractive platform for next generation functional medical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Schofield
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham, NG7 1LD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ryan M. Hill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham, NG7 1LD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Odile Feys
- Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Laboratoire de neuroanatomie et neuroimagerie translationelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Université libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Department of neurology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Niall Holmes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham, NG7 1LD, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Osborne
- QuSpin Inc. 331 South 104 Street, Suite 130, Louisville, Colorado, 80027, USA
| | - Cody Doyle
- QuSpin Inc. 331 South 104 Street, Suite 130, Louisville, Colorado, 80027, USA
| | - David Bobela
- QuSpin Inc. 331 South 104 Street, Suite 130, Louisville, Colorado, 80027, USA
| | - Pierre Corvilian
- Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Laboratoire de neuroanatomie et neuroimagerie translationelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Wens
- Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Laboratoire de neuroanatomie et neuroimagerie translationelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Université libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Department of translational neuroimaging, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lukas Rier
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Richard Bowtell
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Maxime Ferez
- Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Laboratoire de neuroanatomie et neuroimagerie translationelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karen J. Mullinger
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Sebastian Coleman
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Natalie Rhodes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Molly Rea
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham, NG7 1LD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zoe Tanner
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham, NG7 1LD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Elena Boto
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham, NG7 1LD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Xavier de Tiège
- Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Laboratoire de neuroanatomie et neuroimagerie translationelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Université libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Department of translational neuroimaging, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vishal Shah
- QuSpin Inc. 331 South 104 Street, Suite 130, Louisville, Colorado, 80027, USA
| | - Matthew J. Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham, NG7 1LD, Nottingham, UK
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3
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Garg Y, Osborne J, Vasylevskyi S, Velmurugan N, Tanaka F. 1,3-Diamine-Derived Catalysts: Design, Synthesis, and the Use in Enantioselective Mannich Reactions of Ketones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:11096-11101. [PMID: 37460110 PMCID: PMC10407930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
1,3-Diamine-derived catalysts were designed, synthesized, and used in asymmetric Mannich reactions of ketones. The reactions catalyzed by one of the 1,3-diamine derivatives in the presence of acids afforded the Mannich products with high enantioselectivities under mild conditions. In most cases, bond formation occurred at the less-substituted α-position of the ketone carbonyl group. Our results indicate that the primary and the tertiary amines of the 1,3-diamine derivative cooperatively act for the catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvraj Garg
- Chemistry
and Chemical Bioengineering Unit, Okinawa
Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - James Osborne
- Chemistry
and Chemical Bioengineering Unit, Okinawa
Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Serhii Vasylevskyi
- Research
Support Division, Okinawa Institute of Science
and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Nivedha Velmurugan
- Chemistry
and Chemical Bioengineering Unit, Okinawa
Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Fujie Tanaka
- Chemistry
and Chemical Bioengineering Unit, Okinawa
Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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4
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Holmes N, Rea M, Hill RM, Leggett J, Edwards LJ, Hobson PJ, Boto E, Tierney TM, Rier L, Rivero GR, Shah V, Osborne J, Fromhold TM, Glover P, Brookes MJ, Bowtell R. Enabling ambulatory movement in wearable magnetoencephalography with matrix coil active magnetic shielding. Neuroimage 2023; 274:120157. [PMID: 37149237 PMCID: PMC10465235 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to collect high-quality neuroimaging data during ambulatory participant movement would enable a wealth of neuroscientific paradigms. Wearable magnetoencephalography (MEG) based on optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) has the potential to allow participant movement during a scan. However, the strict zero magnetic field requirement of OPMs means that systems must be operated inside a magnetically shielded room (MSR) and also require active shielding using electromagnetic coils to cancel residual fields and field changes (due to external sources and sensor movements) that would otherwise prevent accurate neuronal source reconstructions. Existing active shielding systems only compensate fields over small, fixed regions and do not allow ambulatory movement. Here we describe the matrix coil, a new type of active shielding system for OPM-MEG which is formed from 48 square unit coils arranged on two planes which can compensate magnetic fields in regions that can be flexibly placed between the planes. Through the integration of optical tracking with OPM data acquisition, field changes induced by participant movement are cancelled with low latency (25 ms). High-quality MEG source data were collected despite the presence of large (65 cm translations and 270° rotations) ambulatory participant movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall Holmes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK.
| | - Molly Rea
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK; Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ryan M Hill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK
| | - James Leggett
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lucy J Edwards
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Peter J Hobson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Elena Boto
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK; Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Tim M Tierney
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Lukas Rier
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Gonzalo Reina Rivero
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK
| | - Vishal Shah
- QuSpin Inc., 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, CO 80027, USA
| | - James Osborne
- QuSpin Inc., 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, CO 80027, USA
| | - T Mark Fromhold
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Paul Glover
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Matthew J Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK
| | - Richard Bowtell
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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5
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Holmes N, Rea M, Hill RM, Boto E, Leggett J, Edwards LJ, Rhodes N, Shah V, Osborne J, Fromhold TM, Glover P, Montague PR, Brookes MJ, Bowtell R. Naturalistic Hyperscanning with Wearable Magnetoencephalography. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:5454. [PMID: 37420622 DOI: 10.3390/s23125454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of human cognitive function is reliant on complex social interactions which form the behavioural foundation of who we are. These social capacities are subject to dramatic change in disease and injury; yet their supporting neural substrates remain poorly understood. Hyperscanning employs functional neuroimaging to simultaneously assess brain activity in two individuals and offers the best means to understand the neural basis of social interaction. However, present technologies are limited, either by poor performance (low spatial/temporal precision) or an unnatural scanning environment (claustrophobic scanners, with interactions via video). Here, we describe hyperscanning using wearable magnetoencephalography (MEG) based on optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs). We demonstrate our approach by simultaneously measuring brain activity in two subjects undertaking two separate tasks-an interactive touching task and a ball game. Despite large and unpredictable subject motion, sensorimotor brain activity was delineated clearly, and the correlation of the envelope of neuronal oscillations between the two subjects was demonstrated. Our results show that unlike existing modalities, OPM-MEG combines high-fidelity data acquisition and a naturalistic setting and thus presents significant potential to investigate neural correlates of social interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall Holmes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK
| | - Molly Rea
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ryan M Hill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK
| | - Elena Boto
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - James Leggett
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lucy J Edwards
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Natalie Rhodes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Vishal Shah
- QuSpin Inc., 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, CO 80027, USA
| | - James Osborne
- QuSpin Inc., 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, CO 80027, USA
| | - T Mark Fromhold
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Paul Glover
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - P Read Montague
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Matthew J Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Unit 2 Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Drive, Nottingham NG7 1LD, UK
| | - Richard Bowtell
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Rhodes N, Rea M, Boto E, Rier L, Shah V, Hill RM, Osborne J, Doyle C, Holmes N, Coleman SC, Mullinger K, Bowtell R, Brookes MJ. Measurement of Frontal Midline Theta Oscillations using OPM-MEG. Neuroimage 2023; 271:120024. [PMID: 36918138 PMCID: PMC10465234 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) are an emerging lightweight and compact sensor that can measure magnetic fields generated by the human brain. OPMs enable construction of wearable magnetoencephalography (MEG) systems, which offer advantages over conventional instrumentation. However, when trying to measure signals at low frequency, higher levels of inherent sensor noise, magnetic interference and movement artefact introduce a significant challenge. Accurate characterisation of low frequency brain signals is important for neuroscientific, clinical, and paediatric MEG applications and consequently, demonstrating the viability of OPMs in this area is critical. Here, we undertake measurement of theta band (4-8 Hz) neural oscillations and contrast a newly developed 174 channel triaxial wearable OPM-MEG system with conventional (cryogenic-MEG) instrumentation. Our results show that visual steady state responses at 4 Hz, 6 Hz and 8 Hz can be recorded using OPM-MEG with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that is not significantly different to conventional MEG. Moreover, we measure frontal midline theta oscillations during a 2-back working memory task, again demonstrating comparable SNR for both systems. We show that individual differences in both the amplitude and spatial signature of induced frontal-midline theta responses are maintained across systems. Finally, we show that our OPM-MEG results could not have been achieved without a triaxial sensor array, or the use of postprocessing techniques. Our results demonstrate the viability of OPMs for characterising theta oscillations and add weight to the argument that OPMs can replace cryogenic sensors as the fundamental building block of MEG systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Rhodes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Molly Rea
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Elena Boto
- Cerca Magnetics Ltd. 2, Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Dr, Nottingham NG7 1LD; Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lukas Rier
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Vishal Shah
- QuSpin Inc. 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, Colorado, 80027, USA
| | - Ryan M Hill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Cerca Magnetics Ltd. 2, Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Dr, Nottingham NG7 1LD
| | - James Osborne
- QuSpin Inc. 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, Colorado, 80027, USA
| | - Cody Doyle
- QuSpin Inc. 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, Colorado, 80027, USA
| | - Niall Holmes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Cerca Magnetics Ltd. 2, Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Dr, Nottingham NG7 1LD
| | - Sebastian C Coleman
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Karen Mullinger
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Richard Bowtell
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Matthew J Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Cerca Magnetics Ltd. 2, Castlebridge Office Village, Kirtley Dr, Nottingham NG7 1LD.
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7
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Araujo R, Brumley D, Cursons J, Day K, Faria M, Flegg JA, Germano D, Hunt H, Hunter P, Jenner A, Johnston S, McCaw JM, Maini P, Miller C, Muskovic W, Osborne J, Pan M, Rajagopal V, Shahidi N, Siekmann I, Stumpf M, Zanca A. Frontiers of Mathematical Biology: A workshop honouring Professor Edmund Crampin. Math Biosci 2023; 359:109007. [PMID: 37062447 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2023.109007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Araujo
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
| | - Douglas Brumley
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Karen Day
- Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew Faria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Flegg
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Domenic Germano
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hilary Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hunter
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Adrianne Jenner
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
| | - Stuart Johnston
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - James M McCaw
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Philip Maini
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Miller
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - James Osborne
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Pan
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Niloofar Shahidi
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivo Siekmann
- School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Stumpf
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Integrative Genomics, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adriana Zanca
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Australia
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8
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Schofield H, Boto E, Shah V, Hill RM, Osborne J, Rea M, Doyle C, Holmes N, Bowtell R, Woolger D, Brookes MJ. Quantum enabled functional neuroimaging: the why and how of magnetoencephalography using optically pumped magnetometers. Contemp Phys 2023; 63:161-179. [PMID: 38463461 PMCID: PMC10923587 DOI: 10.1080/00107514.2023.2182950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Non-invasive imaging has transformed neuroscientific discovery and clinical practice, providing a non-invasive window into the human brain. However, whilst techniques like MRI generate ever more precise images of brain structure, in many cases, it's the function within neural networks that underlies disease. Here, we review the potential for quantum-enabled magnetic field sensors to shed light on such activity. Specifically, we describe how optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) enable magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings with higher accuracy and improved practicality compared to the current state-of-the-art. The paper is split into two parts: first, we describe the work to date on OPM-MEG, detailing why this novel biomagnetic imaging technique is proving disruptive. Second, we explain how fundamental physics, including quantum mechanics and electromagnetism, underpins this developing technology. We conclude with a look to the future, outlining the potential for OPM-MEG to initiate a step change in the understanding and management of brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Schofield
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Nottingham, UK
| | - Elena Boto
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Nottingham, UK
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Ryan M Hill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Molly Rea
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Nottingham, UK
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Niall Holmes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Nottingham, UK
| | - Richard Bowtell
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Matthew J Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Nottingham, UK
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Rea M, Boto E, Holmes N, Hill R, Osborne J, Rhodes N, Leggett J, Rier L, Bowtell R, Shah V, Brookes MJ. A 90-channel triaxial magnetoencephalography system using optically pumped magnetometers. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1517:107-124. [PMID: 36065147 PMCID: PMC9826099 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures the small magnetic fields generated by current flow in neural networks, providing a noninvasive metric of brain function. MEG is well established as a powerful neuroscientific and clinical tool. However, current instrumentation is hampered by cumbersome cryogenic field-sensing technologies. In contrast, MEG using optically pumped magnetometers (OPM-MEG) employs small, lightweight, noncryogenic sensors that provide data with higher sensitivity and spatial resolution, a natural scanning environment (including participant movement), and adaptability to any age. However, OPM-MEG is new and the optimum way to design a system is unknown. Here, we construct a novel, 90-channel triaxial OPM-MEG system and use it to map motor function during a naturalistic handwriting task. Results show that high-precision magnetic field control reduced background fields to ∼200 pT, enabling free participant movement. Our triaxial array offered twice the total measured signal and better interference rejection compared to a conventional (single-axis) design. We mapped neural oscillatory activity to the sensorimotor network, demonstrating significant differences in motor network activity and connectivity for left-handed versus right-handed handwriting. Repeatability across scans showed that we can map electrophysiological activity with an accuracy ∼4 mm. Overall, our study introduces a novel triaxial OPM-MEG design and confirms its potential for high-performance functional neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Rea
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Elena Boto
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Niall Holmes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Ryan Hill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | | | - Natalie Rhodes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - James Leggett
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Lukas Rier
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Richard Bowtell
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | | | - Matthew J. Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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Torkington J, Harries R, O'Connell S, Knight L, Islam S, Bashir N, Watkins A, Fegan G, Cornish J, Rees B, Cole H, Jarvis H, Jones S, Russell I, Bosanquet D, Cleves A, Sewell B, Farr A, Zbrzyzna N, Fiera N, Ellis-Owen R, Hilton Z, Parry C, Bradbury A, Wall P, Hill J, Winter D, Cocks K, Harris D, Hilton J, Vakis S, Hanratty D, Rajagopal R, Akbar F, Ben-Sassi A, Francis N, Jones L, Williamson M, Lindsey I, West R, Smart C, Ziprin P, Agarwal T, Faulkner G, Pinkney T, Vimalachandran D, Lawes D, Faiz O, Nisar P, Smart N, Wilson T, Myers A, Lund J, Smolarek S, Acheson A, Horwood J, Ansell J, Phillips S, Davies M, Davies L, Bird S, Palmer N, Williams M, Galanopoulos G, Rao PD, Jones D, Barnett R, Tate S, Wheat J, Patel N, Rahmani S, Toynton E, Smith L, Reeves N, Kealaher E, Williams G, Sekaran C, Evans M, Beynon J, Egan R, Qasem E, Khot U, Ather S, Mummigati P, Taylor G, Williamson J, Lim J, Powell A, Nageswaran H, Williams A, Padmanabhan J, Phillips K, Ford T, Edwards J, Varney N, Hicks L, Greenway C, Chesters K, Jones H, Blake P, Brown C, Roche L, Jones D, Feeney M, Shah P, Rutter C, McGrath C, Curtis N, Pippard L, Perry J, Allison J, Ockrim J, Dalton R, Allison A, Rendell J, Howard L, Beesley K, Dennison G, Burton J, Bowen G, Duberley S, Richards L, Giles J, Katebe J, Dalton S, Wood J, Courtney E, Hompes R, Poole A, Ward S, Wilkinson L, Hardstaff L, Bogden M, Al-Rashedy M, Fensom C, Lunt N, McCurrie M, Peacock R, Malik K, Burns H, Townley B, Hill P, Sadat M, Khan U, Wignall C, Murati D, Dhanaratne M, Quaid S, Gurram S, Smith D, Harris P, Pollard J, DiBenedetto G, Chadwick J, Hull R, Bach S, Morton D, Hollier K, Hardy V, Ghods M, Tyrrell D, Ashraf S, Glasbey J, Ashraf M, Garner S, Whitehouse A, Yeung D, Mohamed SN, Wilkin R, Suggett N, Lee C, Bagul A, McNeill C, Eardley N, Mahapatra R, Gabriel C, Datt P, Mahmud S, Daniels I, McDermott F, Nodolsk M, Park L, Scott H, Trickett J, Bearn P, Trivedi P, Frost V, Gray C, Croft M, Beral D, Osborne J, Pugh R, Herdman G, George R, Howell AM, Al-Shahaby S, Narendrakumar B, Mohsen Y, Ijaz S, Nasseri M, Herrod P, Brear T, Reilly JJ, Sohal A, Otieno C, Lai W, Coleman M, Platt E, Patrick A, Pitman C, Balasubramanya S, Dickson E, Warman R, Newton C, Tani S, Simpson J, Banerjee A, Siddika A, Campion D, Humes D, Randhawa N, Saunders J, Bharathan B, Hay O. Incisional hernia following colorectal cancer surgery according to suture technique: Hughes Abdominal Repair Randomized Trial (HART). Br J Surg 2022; 109:943-950. [PMID: 35979802 PMCID: PMC10364691 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incisional hernias cause morbidity and may require further surgery. HART (Hughes Abdominal Repair Trial) assessed the effect of an alternative suture method on the incidence of incisional hernia following colorectal cancer surgery. METHODS A pragmatic multicentre single-blind RCT allocated patients undergoing midline incision for colorectal cancer to either Hughes closure (double far-near-near-far sutures of 1 nylon suture at 2-cm intervals along the fascia combined with conventional mass closure) or the surgeon's standard closure. The primary outcome was the incidence of incisional hernia at 1 year assessed by clinical examination. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. RESULTS Between August 2014 and February 2018, 802 patients were randomized to either Hughes closure (401) or the standard mass closure group (401). At 1 year after surgery, 672 patients (83.7 per cent) were included in the primary outcome analysis; 50 of 339 patients (14.8 per cent) in the Hughes group and 57 of 333 (17.1 per cent) in the standard closure group had incisional hernia (OR 0.84, 95 per cent c.i. 0.55 to 1.27; P = 0.402). At 2 years, 78 patients (28.7 per cent) in the Hughes repair group and 84 (31.8 per cent) in the standard closure group had incisional hernia (OR 0.86, 0.59 to 1.25; P = 0.429). Adverse events were similar in the two groups, apart from the rate of surgical-site infection, which was higher in the Hughes group (13.2 versus 7.7 per cent; OR 1.82, 1.14 to 2.91; P = 0.011). CONCLUSION The incidence of incisional hernia after colorectal cancer surgery is high. There was no statistical difference in incidence between Hughes closure and mass closure at 1 or 2 years. REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN25616490 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
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Sun M, Thomas C, Orlando F, Sigouros M, Osborne J, Nauseef J, Molina A, Sternberg C, Bissassar M, Singh S, Khani F, Nanus D, Ballman K, Bander N, Demichelis F, Beltran H, Tagawa S. 1390P Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and prognosis with PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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12
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Holmes N, Rea M, Chalmers J, Leggett J, Edwards LJ, Nell P, Pink S, Patel P, Wood J, Murby N, Woolger D, Dawson E, Mariani C, Tierney TM, Mellor S, O'Neill GC, Boto E, Hill RM, Shah V, Osborne J, Pardington R, Fierlinger P, Barnes GR, Glover P, Brookes MJ, Bowtell R. A lightweight magnetically shielded room with active shielding. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13561. [PMID: 35945239 PMCID: PMC9363499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetically shielded rooms (MSRs) use multiple layers of materials such as MuMetal to screen external magnetic fields that would otherwise interfere with high precision magnetic field measurements such as magnetoencephalography (MEG). Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) have enabled the development of wearable MEG systems which have the potential to provide a motion tolerant functional brain imaging system with high spatiotemporal resolution. Despite significant promise, OPMs impose stringent magnetic shielding requirements, operating around a zero magnetic field resonance within a dynamic range of ± 5 nT. MSRs developed for OPM-MEG must therefore effectively shield external sources and provide a low remnant magnetic field inside the enclosure. Existing MSRs optimised for OPM-MEG are expensive, heavy, and difficult to site. Electromagnetic coils are used to further cancel the remnant field inside the MSR enabling participant movements during OPM-MEG, but present coil systems are challenging to engineer and occupy space in the MSR limiting participant movements and negatively impacting patient experience. Here we present a lightweight MSR design (30% reduction in weight and 40-60% reduction in external dimensions compared to a standard OPM-optimised MSR) which takes significant steps towards addressing these barriers. We also designed a 'window coil' active shielding system, featuring a series of simple rectangular coils placed directly onto the walls of the MSR. By mapping the remnant magnetic field inside the MSR, and the magnetic field produced by the coils, we can identify optimal coil currents and cancel the remnant magnetic field over the central cubic metre to just |B|= 670 ± 160 pT. These advances reduce the cost, installation time and siting restrictions of MSRs which will be essential for the widespread deployment of OPM-MEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall Holmes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Molly Rea
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - James Chalmers
- Magnetic Shields Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - James Leggett
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lucy J Edwards
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Paul Nell
- Magnetic Shields Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - Stephen Pink
- Magnetic Shields Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - Prashant Patel
- Magnetic Shields Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - Jack Wood
- Magnetic Shields Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - Nick Murby
- Magnetic Shields Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - David Woolger
- Magnetic Shields Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - Eliot Dawson
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - Christopher Mariani
- Cerca Magnetics Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - Tim M Tierney
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Stephanie Mellor
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - George C O'Neill
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Elena Boto
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ryan M Hill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Vishal Shah
- QuSpin Inc., 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, CO, 80027, USA
| | - James Osborne
- QuSpin Inc., 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, CO, 80027, USA
| | | | - Peter Fierlinger
- Department of Physics, Technical University Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Gareth R Barnes
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Paul Glover
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Matthew J Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Richard Bowtell
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Huang L, Alcazar Magana A, Skinkis PA, Osborne J, Qian YL, Qian MC. Composition of Pinot Noir Wine from Grapevine Red Blotch Disease-Infected Vines Managed with Exogenous Abscisic Acid Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144520. [PMID: 35889392 PMCID: PMC9321972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine red blotch disease (GRBD) has negative effects on grape development and impacts berry ripening. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant growth regulator involved in the initiation of berry ripening. Exogenous abscisic acid application was compared to an unsprayed control on GRBD-positive Pinot noir vines during two vintages, and the total monomeric anthocyanin, total phenolics, phenolic composition, and volatile profile were measured in wines. In addition, untargeted metabolites were profiled using high-resolution LC-MS/MS. Results showed that the wine composition varied by vintage year and was not consistent with ABA application. Wines from the ABA treatment had a lower total anthocyanin and total phenolic content in one year. The untargeted high-resolution LC-MS/MS analysis showed a higher abundance of phenolic compounds in ABA wines in 2019, but lower in 2018. The wine volatile compounds of ABA treatments varied by vintage. There were higher levels of free β-damascenone, β-ionone, nerol, and several fermentation-derived esters, acids, and alcohols in ABA wines, but these were not observed in 2019. Lower 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP) was also observed in wines with ABA treatment in 2019. The results demonstrated that ABA application to the fruit zones did not consistently mitigate the adverse impacts of GRBD on Pinot noir wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (L.H.); (A.A.M.); (J.O.); (Y.L.Q.)
| | - Armando Alcazar Magana
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (L.H.); (A.A.M.); (J.O.); (Y.L.Q.)
| | - Patricia A. Skinkis
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
- Oregon Wine Research Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - James Osborne
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (L.H.); (A.A.M.); (J.O.); (Y.L.Q.)
- Oregon Wine Research Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Yanping L. Qian
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (L.H.); (A.A.M.); (J.O.); (Y.L.Q.)
| | - Michael C. Qian
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (L.H.); (A.A.M.); (J.O.); (Y.L.Q.)
- Oregon Wine Research Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-541-737-9114
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Karr J, Malik-Sheriff RS, Osborne J, Gonzalez-Parra G, Forgoston E, Bowness R, Liu Y, Thompson R, Garira W, Barhak J, Rice J, Torres M, Dobrovolny HM, Tang T, Waites W, Glazier JA, Faeder JR, Kulesza A. Model Integration in Computational Biology: The Role of Reproducibility, Credibility and Utility. Front Syst Biol 2022; 2:822606. [PMID: 36909847 PMCID: PMC10002468 DOI: 10.3389/fsysb.2022.822606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, mathematical modeling of disease transmission has become a cornerstone of key state decisions. To advance the state-of-the-art host viral modeling to handle future pandemics, many scientists working on related issues assembled to discuss the topics. These discussions exposed the reproducibility crisis that leads to inability to reuse and integrate models. This document summarizes these discussions, presents difficulties, and mentions existing efforts towards future solutions that will allow future model utility and integration. We argue that without addressing these challenges, scientists will have diminished ability to build, disseminate, and implement high-impact multi-scale modeling that is needed to understand the health crises we face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Karr
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rahuman S. Malik-Sheriff
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - James Osborne
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Eric Forgoston
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, United States
| | - Ruth Bowness
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, United States
| | - Robin Thompson
- Mathematics Institute and the Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Winston Garira
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, Modelling Health and Environmental Linkages Research Group, University of Venda, Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Jacob Barhak
- Jacob Barhak Analytics, Austin, TX, United States
| | - John Rice
- Independent Retired Working Group Volunteer, Virginia Beach, VA, United States
| | - Marcella Torres
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Hana M. Dobrovolny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Tingting Tang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics in San Diego State University (SDSU) and SDSU Imperial Valley, Calexico, CA, United States
| | - William Waites
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - James A. Glazier
- Biocomplexity Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - James R. Faeder
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Kinane C, Osborne J, Ishaq Y, Colman M, MacInnes D. Peer supported Open Dialogue in the National Health Service: implementing and evaluating a new approach to Mental Health Care. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:138. [PMID: 35193551 PMCID: PMC8862567 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03731-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Open Dialogue is an internationally developing approach to mental health care based on collaboration between an individual and their family and social network. Our quest for better approaches to Mental Health Care with improved carer and service user experience led us to develop and test a model of Peer Supported Open Dialogue (POD). There is no research currently looking at the implementation and effectiveness of a standalone POD team in the NHS so we evaluate its implementation, clinical outcomes and value to service users and their families. METHOD A before-after design was used. 50 service users treated by the POD Team were recruited and participants from their family and wider social network. Service user self report questionnaires covering wellbeing, functioning, satisfaction were collected and one carer self report measure; at baseline, three and six months. A clinician reported measure was collected at baseline and six months. Clinicians perceptions of practice were collected following network meetings. RESULTS 50 service users treated were recruited with a mean age of 35 years with slightly more males than females. Service users reported signficant improvements in wellbeing and functioning. There was a marked increase in perceived support by carers. Over half the meetings were attended by carers. The Community Mental Health Survey showed high satisfaction rates for service users including carer involvement. CONCLUSIONS The study indicated it was possible to transform to deliver a clinically effective POD service in the NHS. This innovative approach provided continuity of care within the social network, with improved carer support and significant improvements in clinical outcomes and their experiences. TRIAL REGISTRATION ( isrctn.com/ISRCTN36004039 . Retrospectively registered 04/01/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Kinane
- Combat Stress, Tyrwhitt House, Oaklawn Road, Leatherhead, KT22 0BX UK
| | - James Osborne
- grid.498478.eFarm Villa, Kent and Medway NHS and Social Care Partnership Trust, Hermitage Lane, Kent, ME16 9PH UK
| | - Yasmin Ishaq
- grid.498478.eFarm Villa, Kent and Medway NHS and Social Care Partnership Trust, Hermitage Lane, Kent, ME16 9PH UK
| | - Marcus Colman
- grid.498478.eFarm Villa, Kent and Medway NHS and Social Care Partnership Trust, Hermitage Lane, Kent, ME16 9PH UK
| | - Douglas MacInnes
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Social Care, Canterbury Christ Church University, North Holmes Road, Canterbury, Kent, CT1 1QU, UK.
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16
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Lapointe S, Pandey DK, Gallagher JM, Osborne J, Fayzullin RR, Khaskin E, Khusnutdinova JR. Cobalt Complexes of Bulky PNP Ligand: H2 Activation and Catalytic Two-Electron Reactivity in Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Alkynes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Lapointe
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Dilip K. Pandey
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - James M. Gallagher
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - James Osborne
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Robert R. Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Street, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Eugene Khaskin
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Julia R. Khusnutdinova
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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Hicks-Roof K, Osborne R, McInnes D, Bush S, Osborne J, Harrison T, Braun M, Quartano J. Post-graduate Interprofessional Education Series (IPES): Insights from Dietetic Interns. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tagawa S, Sun M, Sartor O, Thomas C, Molina A, Sternberg C, Nanus D, Osborne J, Bander N. 600P Final results of phase I/II trial of fractionated dose 177Lu-PSMA-617 for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Rea M, Holmes N, Hill RM, Boto E, Leggett J, Edwards LJ, Woolger D, Dawson E, Shah V, Osborne J, Bowtell R, Brookes MJ. Precision magnetic field modelling and control for wearable magnetoencephalography. Neuroimage 2021; 241:118401. [PMID: 34273527 PMCID: PMC9248349 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Optically-pumped magnetometers (OPMs) are highly sensitive, compact magnetic field sensors, which offer a viable alternative to cryogenic sensors (superconducting quantum interference devices – SQUIDs) for magnetoencephalography (MEG). With the promise of a wearable system that offers lifespan compliance, enables movement during scanning, and provides higher quality data, OPMs could drive a step change in MEG instrumentation. However, this potential can only be realised if background magnetic fields are appropriately controlled, via a combination of optimised passive magnetic screening (i.e. enclosing the system in layers of high-permeability materials), and electromagnetic coils to further null the remnant magnetic field. In this work, we show that even in an OPM-optimised passive shield with extremely low (<2 nT) remnant magnetic field, head movement generates significant artefacts in MEG data that manifest as low-frequency interference. To counter this effect we introduce a magnetic field mapping technique, in which the participant moves their head to sample the background magnetic field using a wearable sensor array; resulting data are compared to a model to derive coefficients representing three uniform magnetic field components and five magnetic field gradient components inside the passive shield. We show that this technique accurately reconstructs the magnitude of known magnetic fields. Moreover, by feeding the obtained coefficients into a bi-planar electromagnetic coil system, we were able to reduce the uniform magnetic field experienced by the array from a magnitude of 1.3 ± 0.3 nT to 0.29 ± 0.07 nT. Most importantly, we show that this field compensation generates a five-fold reduction in motion artefact at 0–2 Hz, in a visual steady-state evoked response experiment using 6 Hz stimulation. We suggest that this technique could be used in future OPM-MEG experiments to improve the quality of data, especially in paradigms seeking to measure low-frequency oscillations, or in experiments where head movement is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Rea
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Niall Holmes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Ryan M Hill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Elena Boto
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - James Leggett
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lucy J Edwards
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - David Woolger
- Magnetic Shields Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - Eliot Dawson
- Magnetic Shields Limited, Headcorn Road, Staplehurst, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 0DS, UK
| | - Vishal Shah
- QuSpin Inc., 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, 80027, Colorado, USA
| | - James Osborne
- QuSpin Inc., 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, 80027, Colorado, USA
| | - Richard Bowtell
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Matthew J Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Boto E, Hill RM, Rea M, Holmes N, Seedat ZA, Leggett J, Shah V, Osborne J, Bowtell R, Brookes MJ. Measuring functional connectivity with wearable MEG. Neuroimage 2021; 230:117815. [PMID: 33524584 PMCID: PMC8216250 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Optically-pumped magnetometers (OPMs) offer the potential for a step change in magnetoencephalography (MEG) enabling wearable systems that provide improved data quality, accommodate any subject group, allow data capture during movement and potentially reduce cost. However, OPM-MEG is a nascent technology and, to realise its potential, it must be shown to facilitate key neuroscientific measurements, such as the characterisation of brain networks. Networks, and the connectivities that underlie them, have become a core area of neuroscientific investigation, and their importance is underscored by many demonstrations of their disruption in brain disorders. Consequently, a demonstration of network measurements using OPM-MEG would be a significant step forward. Here, we aimed to show that a wearable 50-channel OPM-MEG system enables characterisation of the electrophysiological connectome. To this end, we measured connectivity in the resting state and during a visuo-motor task, using both OPM-MEG and a state-of-the-art 275-channel cryogenic MEG device. Our results show that resting-state connectome matrices from OPM and cryogenic systems exhibit a high degree of similarity, with correlation values >70%. In addition, in task data, similar differences in connectivity between individuals (scanned multiple times) were observed in cryogenic and OPM-MEG data, again demonstrating the fidelity of the OPM-MEG device. This is the first demonstration of network connectivity measured using OPM-MEG, and results add weight to the argument that OPMs will ultimately supersede cryogenic sensors for MEG measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Boto
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
| | - Ryan M Hill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Molly Rea
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Niall Holmes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Zelekha A Seedat
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - James Leggett
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Vishal Shah
- QuSpin Inc., 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, 80027, CO, USA
| | - James Osborne
- QuSpin Inc., 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, 80027, CO, USA
| | - Richard Bowtell
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Jassam N, Luvai A, Narayanan D, Turnock D, Lee G, Earp K, West J, Day A, Jeffery J, Zouwail S, El-Farhan N, Dearman R, Hayden K, Willett S, Osborne J, Barth JH. Albumin and calcium reference interval using healthy individuals and a data-mining approach. Ann Clin Biochem 2020; 57:373-381. [PMID: 32646226 DOI: 10.1177/0004563220944204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harmonization of reference intervals for analytes that have a sound calibration and metrological traceability is a widely recommended practice. The UK Pathology Harmony has recently harmonized reference intervals for calcium and albumin. In this study, we have determined the reference intervals for calcium and albumin on the UK's most commonly used analytical platforms. METHOD A prospective reference population of healthy individuals was recruited according to the IFCC CRIDL criteria. A second indirect population was collected from 14 primary care setting and measured in laboratories using various analytical platforms and methods (Roche, Abbott, Beckman and Siemens analytical platforms). RESULTS In total, 299 subjects were recruited; the central 95th centile values for calcium for three out of four analytical platforms were in a close agreement with UK Pathology Harmony reference intervals of 2.2-2.6 mmol/L. Reference intervals of BCG methods from both cohorts and irrespective of analytical platforms were higher for both lower and upper reference limits than those for BCP. In comparison, the indirect study showed an age-related variation. The younger population reference intervals varied by up to 5.7% at the lower reference limit and up to 12% at the upper reference limit compared with Pathology Harmony reference intervals, and the older population showed a variation of up to 14% at both limits. CONCLUSION While calcium reference intervals can be a subject for harmonization, albumin reference intervals studied showed large variation which is unsupportive of embracing a common reference interval for albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jassam
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Harrogate Foundation Trust, Harrogate, UK
| | - A Luvai
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - D Narayanan
- Department of Blood Sciences, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK
| | - D Turnock
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK
| | - G Lee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Earp
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - J West
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK
| | - A Day
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - J Jeffery
- Derriford Combined Laboratory, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK
| | - S Zouwail
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - N El-Farhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Newport, UK
| | - R Dearman
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester University, Manchester, UK
| | - K Hayden
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Manchester University Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - S Willett
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, North Cumbria University Hospitals, Carlisle, UK
| | - J Osborne
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Manchester University Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - J H Barth
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
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Jassam N, Narayanan D, Turnock D, Lee G, Earp K, West J, Day A, Jeffery J, Zouwail S, El-Farhan N, Dearman R, Hayden K, Osborne J, Willett S, Barth JH. The effect of different analytical platforms and methods on the performance of population-specific adjusted calcium equation. Ann Clin Biochem 2020; 57:300-311. [DOI: 10.1177/0004563220931876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundA recent attempt to improve the diagnostic value of adjusted calcium addressed a primary care-specific adjusted calcium equation, but validated the new equation for Roche Cobas, BCG and NM-BAPTA methods only. In this study, we aim to validate a population-specific equation for other methods and platforms.MethodWe collected retrospective patient data-sets from 15 hospital laboratories using a range of commercially available analytical platforms and methods for calcium and albumin measurements. Raw data-sets were collected and filtered according to Payne’s criteria, and separate adjusted calcium equations were derived for hospitalized and primary care patients.ResultsMean albumin and calcium results were significantly higher in primary care populations ( P < 0.0001). The prevalence of hypocalcaemia using adjusted calcium ranged between 6% and 44% for inpatient data-sets and was higher in users of BCG methods. The application of community-specific adjustment equation to primary care data-sets reduced the prevalence of hypocalcaemia (mean 1.7%, range 0.8–3.7%).ConclusionWe demonstrated that the use of a community-specific calcium adjustment equation to a primary care population reduces both the percentage and the variation of hypocalcaemia between different laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jassam
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Harrogate Foundation Trust, Harrogate, UK
| | - D Narayanan
- Department of Blood Sciences, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - D Turnock
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK
| | - G Lee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Earp
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - J West
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK
| | - A Day
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - J Jeffery
- Derriford Combined Laboratory, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK
| | - S Zouwail
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - N El-Farhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Newport, UK
| | - R Dearman
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester University, Manchester, UK
| | - K Hayden
- Department Clinical Biochemistry, Manchester University Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - J Osborne
- Department Clinical Biochemistry, Manchester University Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - S Willett
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, North Cumbria University Hospitals, Carlisle, UK
| | - JH Barth
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
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Hill RM, Boto E, Rea M, Holmes N, Leggett J, Coles LA, Papastavrou M, Everton SK, Hunt BAE, Sims D, Osborne J, Shah V, Bowtell R, Brookes MJ. Multi-channel whole-head OPM-MEG: Helmet design and a comparison with a conventional system. Neuroimage 2020; 219:116995. [PMID: 32480036 PMCID: PMC8274815 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a powerful technique for functional
neuroimaging, offering a non-invasive window on brain electrophysiology. MEG
systems have traditionally been based on cryogenic sensors which detect the
small extracranial magnetic fields generated by synchronised current in neuronal
assemblies, however, such systems have fundamental limitations. In recent years,
non-cryogenic quantum-enabled sensors, called optically-pumped magnetometers
(OPMs), in combination with novel techniques for accurate background magnetic
field control, have promised to lift those restrictions offering an adaptable,
motion-robust MEG system, with improved data quality, at reduced cost. However,
OPM-MEG remains a nascent technology, and whilst viable systems exist, most
employ small numbers of sensors sited above targeted brain regions. Here,
building on previous work, we construct a wearable OPM-MEG system with
‘whole-head’ coverage based upon commercially available OPMs, and
test its capabilities to measure alpha, beta and gamma oscillations. We design
two methods for OPM mounting; a flexible (EEG-like) cap and rigid
(additively-manufactured) helmet. Whilst both designs allow for high quality
data to be collected, we argue that the rigid helmet offers a more robust option
with significant advantages for reconstruction of field data into 3D images of
changes in neuronal current. Using repeat measurements in two participants, we
show signal detection for our device to be highly robust. Moreover, via
application of source-space modelling, we show that, despite having 5 times
fewer sensors, our system exhibits comparable performance to an established
cryogenic MEG device. While significant challenges still remain, these
developments provide further evidence that OPM-MEG is likely to facilitate a
step change for functional neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Hill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Elena Boto
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Molly Rea
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Niall Holmes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - James Leggett
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Laurence A Coles
- Added Scientific Limited, No 4, The Isaac Newton Centre, Nottingham Science Park, Nottingham, NG72RH, UK
| | - Manolis Papastavrou
- Added Scientific Limited, No 4, The Isaac Newton Centre, Nottingham Science Park, Nottingham, NG72RH, UK
| | - Sarah K Everton
- Added Scientific Limited, No 4, The Isaac Newton Centre, Nottingham Science Park, Nottingham, NG72RH, UK
| | - Benjamin A E Hunt
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Dominic Sims
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - James Osborne
- QuSpin Inc. 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, CO, 80027, USA
| | - Vishal Shah
- QuSpin Inc. 331 South 104th Street, Suite 130, Louisville, CO, 80027, USA
| | - Richard Bowtell
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Matthew J Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Tittlemier S, Chan J, Gaba D, Pleskach K, Osborne J, Slate A, Whitaker T. Revisiting the sampling, sample preparation, and analytical variability associated with testing wheat for deoxynivalenol. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2019.2450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fifteen lots of wheat were sampled to characterise the total variance and distribution among sample test results associated with measuring deoxynivalenol (DON) in bulk wheat lots. An unbalanced nested experimental design based on past research was used to determine contributions to the total variance from sampling, sample preparation, and analysis. The wheat lots used in the study contained average DON concentrations that ranged from 0.17 to 24.5 mg/kg. Sampling was determined to be the largest contributor to the total variance of measuring DON at low mg/kg concentrations, which are relevant to existing maximum levels. With the experimental design parameters of 1 kg laboratory samples, sub-division of whole and ground grain using rotary sample division, sample comminution using a commercial-grade coffee grinder, extraction of 100 g test portions, and making one measurement of DON in the test portion by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the total variance of DON measurement at 2 mg/kg was 0.046 mg2/kg2 (coefficient of variation=10.7%). At this concentration, sampling contributed 67% to the total variance, followed by sample preparation (18%) and analysis (15%). The DON distribution among sample test results was accurately described by the normal distribution. The mathematical model of variance was used with the normal distribution of DON measurement results to construct operating characteristics curves to model the likelihood of mischaracterising a wheat lot as (non) compliant with a certain decision limit. With realistic laboratory sample and test portion sizes, as well as a practicable decision limit of 1.5 mg/kg, the estimated probability of mischaracterising a wheat lot containing 2 mg/kg DON as less than this concentration was reduced to 1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.A. Tittlemier
- Grain Research Laboratory, Canadian Grain Commission, 1404-303 Main St., Winnipeg, R3C 3G8 Manitoba, Canada
| | - J. Chan
- Grain Research Laboratory, Canadian Grain Commission, 1404-303 Main St., Winnipeg, R3C 3G8 Manitoba, Canada
| | - D. Gaba
- Grain Research Laboratory, Canadian Grain Commission, 1404-303 Main St., Winnipeg, R3C 3G8 Manitoba, Canada
| | - K. Pleskach
- Grain Research Laboratory, Canadian Grain Commission, 1404-303 Main St., Winnipeg, R3C 3G8 Manitoba, Canada
| | - J. Osborne
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Box 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695-7625, USA
| | - A.B. Slate
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695-7625, USA
| | - T.B. Whitaker
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695-7625, USA
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Osborne J, Stewart I, Borg D, Beagley K, Minett G. Short-term heat acclimation training improves cycling performance in the heat and enhances knee extensor strength. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Ryan N, Borg D, Fowler P, Osborne J, Stewart I, Pavey T, Minett G. Inter-device reliability of a wrist actigraph device in classifying sleep characteristics. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Brame AB, Wiley TR, Carlson JK, Fordham SV, Grubbs RD, Osborne J, Scharer RM, Bethea DM, Poulakis GR. Biology, ecology, and status of the smalltooth sawfish Pristis pectinata in the USA. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Fries L, Dupas J, Bellamy-Descamps M, Osborne J, Salman AD, Palzer S. Bonding regime map for roller compaction of amorphous particles. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Suagee-Bedore J, Janini T, Flad J, Bennett-Wimbush K, Amstutz M, Osborne J, Linden D. PSIX-23 Prior completion of general chemistry improves success in animal nutrition. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - T Janini
- The Ohio State University,Wooster, OH, United States
| | - J Flad
- The Ohio State University,Wooster, OH, United States
| | - K Bennett-Wimbush
- The Ohio State University Agricultural Technical Institute, Wooster, Ohio, United States
| | - M Amstutz
- The Ohio State University Agricultural Technical Institute, Wooster, Ohio, United States
| | - J Osborne
- The Ohio State University,Wooster, OH, United States
| | - D Linden
- The Ohio State University,Wooster, OH, United States
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Butt SS, Mohammed IK, Raghavan V, Osborne J, Powell H, Charalambides MN. Quantifying the differences in structure and mechanical response of confectionery products resulting from the baking and extrusion processes. J FOOD ENG 2018; 238:112-121. [PMID: 30510347 PMCID: PMC6100249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Extrusion has potential advantages over baking in terms of throughput, asset cost and flexibility. However, it is challenging to achieve through extrusion the “light, crispy” texture of a more traditional baked confectionery. This study compares and contrasts for the first time confectionery products produced through these two processes, i.e. baking and extrusion. The microstructural differences are measured using imaging techniques, i.e. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Tomography (XRT) whereas mechanical characterisation is used to highlight differences in the resulting mechanical properties. Crucial information is presented which shows that the two technologies result in different mechanical properties and microstructures, even if the level of porosity in the two products is kept constant. In addition, confectionery products whether they are produced through baking or extrusion, have irregular geometries. The latter makes mechanical characterisation a real challenge. Therefore this study also presents rigorous methods for measuring true mechanical properties such that meaningful and valid comparisons may be made. The accuracy of the chosen methodologies is verified through experiments using flat and tubular extruded geometries as well as testing the products in various directions. It was concluded that the manufacturing method and, in the case of extrusion, the initial moisture content influences the microstructure and mechanics of confectionery products, both of which have an impact on consumer sensory perception. Extrusion has advantages over baking but it is hard to achieve a light/crispy texture. Products made via the two technologies are compared microstructurally and mechanically. Rigorous methods for irregular product geometries were developed for valid comparisons. Our data are required as inputs to computational predictive models of the bulk response. Quantification of differences paves the way for optimising extrusion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba S Butt
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Idris K Mohammed
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Vivek Raghavan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James Osborne
- Nestlé Product Technology Centre Confectionery, Haxby Road, York YO91 1XY, UK
| | - Hugh Powell
- Nestlé Product Technology Centre Confectionery, Haxby Road, York YO91 1XY, UK
| | - Maria N Charalambides
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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Clements R, Bangiri A, Osborne J, Ho J, O'Cathail M, Aznar-Garcia L. An Audit of a New Frameless Immobilisation System for Patients Receiving Stereotactic Radiosurgery at One Institution. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2018.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hoffman F, Gavaghan D, Osborne J, Barrett I, You T, Ghadially H, Sainson R, Wilkinson R, Byrne H. A mathematical model of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). J Theor Biol 2018; 436:39-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Correa DD, Kryza-Lacombe M, Zhou X, Baser RE, Beattie BJ, Beiene Z, Humm J, DeAngelis LM, Orlow I, Weber W, Osborne J. A pilot study of neuropsychological functions, APOE and amyloid imaging in patients with gliomas. J Neurooncol 2017; 136:613-622. [PMID: 29168082 PMCID: PMC5807139 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-017-2692-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumor patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) often develop cognitive dysfunction, and recent studies suggest that the APOE ε-4 allele may influence cognitive outcome. The ε-4 allele is known to promote beta (β) amyloid deposition in the cortex, and preliminary evidence suggests that RT may be associated with this process. However, it is unknown whether β-amyloid accumulation contributes to treatment neurotoxicity. In this pilot study, we assessed neuropsychological functions and β-amyloid retention using 18F-florbetaben (FBB) PET in a subset of brain tumor patients who participated in our study of APOE polymorphisms and cognitive functions. Twenty glioma patients treated with conformal RT ± chemotherapy participated in the study: 6 were APOE ε-4 carriers and 14 were non-ε-4 carriers. Patients completed a neuropsychological re-evaluation (mean time interval = 5 years, SD = 0.83) and brain MRI and FBB PET scans. Wilcoxon signed-rank test comparisons between prior and current neuropsychological assessments showed a significant decline in attention (Brief Test of Attention, p = 0.018), and a near significant decline in verbal learning (Hopkins Verbal learning Test-Learning, p = 0.07). Comparisons by APOE status showed significant differences over time in attention/working memory (WAIS-III digits forward, p = 0.028 and digits backward, p = 0.032), with a decline among APOE ε-4 carriers. There were no significant differences in any of the FBB PET analyses between APOE ε-4 carriers and non-ε-4 carriers. The findings suggest that glioma patients may experience worsening in attention and executive functions several years after treatment, and that the APOE ε-4 allele may modulate cognitive decline, but independent of increased β-amyloid deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Correa
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - M Kryza-Lacombe
- San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - X Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - R E Baser
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - B J Beattie
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Z Beiene
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Humm
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - L M DeAngelis
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - I Orlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - W Weber
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Osborne
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Ward K, Smeltzer M, Rugless F, Faris N, Ray M, Jackson B, Foust C, Patel A, Meadows M, Boateng N, Roark K, Crossley F, Oliver G, Mchugh L, Hastings W, Osborne O, Osborne J, Ill T, Ill M, Signore R, Fox R, Robbins E, Osarogiagbon R. MA 04.01 Prospective Comparative Evaluation of Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on a Multidisciplinary Model of Lung Cancer Care. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Newgreen D, Zhang D, Osborne J, Cheeseman B, Binder B, Landman K. Enteric nervous system formation: disproportionate stochastic clonal expansion of a few initiating vagal neural crest cells. Mech Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2017.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mohekar P, Osborne J, Wiman NG, Walton V, Tomasino E. Influence of Winemaking Processing Steps on the Amounts of (E)-2-Decenal and Tridecane as Off-Odorants Caused by Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Halyomorpha halys). J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:872-878. [PMID: 28064492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Brown marmorated stink bugs (BMSB) release stress compounds, tridecane and (E)-2-decenal, that affect final wine quality. This study focuses on determining the effect of wine processing on (E)-2-decenal and tridecane release in both red and white wines. Wines were produced by adding live BMSB to grape clusters at densities of 0, 0.3, 1, and 3 bugs/cluster. Compound concentrations were measured using headspace solid phase microextraction with multidimensional gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. For red wines, the highest levels of stress compounds were found using 3 BMSB/cluster [tridecane, 614 μg/L; (E)-2-decenal, 2.0 μg/L]. Pressing was found to be the critical process point for stress compound release, and additional pressing processes, press types, and press fractions were investigated. BMSB taint for white wines was not found to be problematic with respect to wine quality. An action control of 3 BMSB/cluster is recommended as this was related to the known consumption rejection threshold for (E)-2-decenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Mohekar
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University , 100 Wiegand Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - James Osborne
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University , 100 Wiegand Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Nik G Wiman
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University , 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Vaughn Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University , 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Elizabeth Tomasino
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University , 100 Wiegand Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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Spratt D, Osborne J, Zumsteg Z, Rebiez K, Leeman J, Rivera A, Zelefsky M. Radium-223 Outcomes After Multiple Lines of Metastatic Castration–Resistant Prostate Cancer Therapy in Clinical Practice: Implication of Pretreatment Spinal Epidural Disease. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- R. O. Santos
- Earth & Environment DepartmentFlorida International University Miami Florida 33199 USA
- Southeast Environmental Research CenterFlorida International University Miami Florida 33199 USA
| | - J. S. Rehage
- Earth & Environment DepartmentFlorida International University Miami Florida 33199 USA
- Southeast Environmental Research CenterFlorida International University Miami Florida 33199 USA
| | - R. Boucek
- Department of BiologyFlorida International University Miami Florida 33199 USA
| | - J. Osborne
- Everglades National ParkUSNPS/SFNRC Homestead Florida 33034 USA
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39
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Da Costa M, Oviedo-Rondón E, Wineland M, Claassen K, Osborne J. Effects of incubation temperatures and trace mineral sources on chicken live performance and footpad skin development. Poult Sci 2016; 95:749-59. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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40
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Johnson D, Osborne J, Wang Z, Marias K. Computer Simulation, Visualization, and Image Processing of Cancer Data and Processes. Cancer Inform 2016; 14:105-8. [PMID: 26798209 PMCID: PMC4711392 DOI: 10.4137/cin.s37982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Johnson
- Senior Research Associate, Oxford e-Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James Osborne
- Lecturer in Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Associate Professor, Department of NanoMedicine and BioMedical Engineering, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kostas Marias
- Principal Researcher and Head, Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science of the Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (ICS-FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
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41
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Walton MI, Eve PD, Hayes A, Henley AT, Valenti MR, De Haven Brandon AK, Box G, Boxall KJ, Tall M, Swales K, Matthews TP, McHardy T, Lainchbury M, Osborne J, Hunter JE, Perkins ND, Aherne GW, Reader JC, Raynaud FI, Eccles SA, Collins I, Garrett MD. The clinical development candidate CCT245737 is an orally active CHK1 inhibitor with preclinical activity in RAS mutant NSCLC and Eµ-MYC driven B-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2329-42. [PMID: 26295308 PMCID: PMC4823038 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CCT245737 is the first orally active, clinical development candidate CHK1 inhibitor to be described. The IC50 was 1.4 nM against CHK1 enzyme and it exhibited>1,000-fold selectivity against CHK2 and CDK1. CCT245737 potently inhibited cellular CHK1 activity (IC50 30-220 nM) and enhanced gemcitabine and SN38 cytotoxicity in multiple human tumor cell lines and human tumor xenograft models. Mouse oral bioavailability was complete (100%) with extensive tumor exposure. Genotoxic-induced CHK1 activity (pS296 CHK1) and cell cycle arrest (pY15 CDK1) were inhibited both in vitro and in human tumor xenografts by CCT245737, causing increased DNA damage and apoptosis. Uniquely, we show CCT245737 enhanced gemcitabine antitumor activity to a greater degree than for higher doses of either agent alone, without increasing toxicity, indicating a true therapeutic advantage for this combination. Furthermore, development of a novel ELISA assay for pS296 CHK1 autophosphorylation, allowed the quantitative measurement of target inhibition in a RAS mutant human tumor xenograft of NSCLC at efficacious doses of CCT245737. Finally, CCT245737 also showed significant single-agent activity against a MYC-driven mouse model of B-cell lymphoma. In conclusion, CCT245737 is a new CHK1 inhibitor clinical development candidate scheduled for a first in man Phase I clinical trial, that will use the novel pS296 CHK1 ELISA to monitor target inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike I. Walton
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Paul D. Eve
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Angela Hayes
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alan T. Henley
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Melanie R. Valenti
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alexis K. De Haven Brandon
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gary Box
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Kathy J. Boxall
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Matthew Tall
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Karen Swales
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Thomas P. Matthews
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Tatiana McHardy
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Michael Lainchbury
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - James Osborne
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Jill E. Hunter
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Neil D. Perkins
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - G. Wynne Aherne
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Florence I. Raynaud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Suzanne A. Eccles
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Michelle D. Garrett
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
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42
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Skinner T, Desbrow B, Schaumberg M, Osborne J, Grant G, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Leveritt M. Do women experience the same ergogenic response to caffeine as men? J Sci Med Sport 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Rubinacci S, Graudenzi A, Caravagna G, Mauri G, Osborne J, Pitt-Francis J, Antoniotti M. CoGNaC: A Chaste Plugin for the Multiscale Simulation of Gene Regulatory Networks Driving the Spatial Dynamics of Tissues and Cancer. Cancer Inform 2015; 14:53-65. [PMID: 26380549 PMCID: PMC4559197 DOI: 10.4137/cin.s19965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We introduce a Chaste plugin for the generation and the simulation of Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) in multiscale models of multicellular systems. Chaste is a widely used and versatile computational framework for the multiscale modeling and simulation of multicellular biological systems. The plugin, named CoGNaC (Chaste and Gene Networks for Cancer), allows the linking of the regulatory dynamics to key properties of the cell cycle and of the differentiation process in populations of cells, which can subsequently be modeled using different spatial modeling scenarios. The approach of CoGNaC focuses on the emergent dynamical behavior of gene networks, in terms of gene activation patterns characterizing the different cellular phenotypes of real cells and, especially, on the overall robustness to perturbations and biological noise. The integration of this approach within Chaste’s modular simulation framework provides a powerful tool to model multicellular systems, possibly allowing for the formulation of novel hypotheses on gene regulation, cell differentiation, and, in particular, cancer emergence and development. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of CoGNaC over a range of modeling paradigms, two example applications are presented. The first of these concerns the characterization of the gene activation patterns of human T-helper cells. The second example is a multiscale simulation of a simplified intestinal crypt, in which, given certain conditions, tumor cells can emerge and colonize the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Rubinacci
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alex Graudenzi
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Caravagna
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Mauri
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - James Osborne
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joe Pitt-Francis
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marco Antoniotti
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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44
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Eusebio-Balcazar P, Oviedo-Rondón EO, Wineland MJ, Osborne J, Brake J. Effect of broiler breeder feeding programme and feeder space change at photostimulation using maize- or wheat-based diets on broiler progeny growth performance and leg health. Br Poult Sci 2015; 56:345-60. [PMID: 25811235 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2015.1019830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diet type, maternal feeding programme at 29 weeks of age and breeder feeder space change at photostimulation on broiler progeny performance and leg health at 6 weeks of age. 2. Fast-feathering Cobb 500 broiler breeders were fed on either maize- or wheat-based diets that had been formulated to have similar nutrient composition during growing and layer phases. Two feeding programmes, fast or flow, were used from 14 to 29 weeks of age. At 22 weeks, 69 females from each pen were placed in a layer house where feeder space was either similar to that in rearing (6.3 to 6.5 cm/female) or was increased from 6.3 to 8.4 cm/female. Eggs produced at 32 and 44 weeks of age were collected and incubated for two broiler experiments. A total of 16 male and 16 female one-d-old chicks were placed in floor pens in two experiments, respectively, with 6 and 4 replicate pens. Broiler gait scores and leg problem prevalence were evaluated at 6 weeks of age. 3. Data were analysed as a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design with diet type, feeding programme and feeder space change as main factors. 4. The wheat diet increased the probability of observing crooked toes in broiler progeny compared to the use of maize, but only when breeders were fed according to the fast feeding programme and given similar feeder space as during rearing. 5. Breeders given more feeder space in the laying period produced progeny with more locomotion problems compared with those provided similar feeder space, but only when maize was used and the slow feeding programme was applied to the breeders. 6. The maternal feeding programme interacted with other factors to influence progeny leg health, but it did not solely influence walking ability or leg problems of progeny. 7. In conclusion, an increased probability of observing walking impairment of broiler progeny was detected when breeders were given greater feeder space at photostimulation rather than no change and fed according to the slow feeding programme using maize diets in breeders and progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Eusebio-Balcazar
- a Prestage Department of Poultry Science , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA
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45
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Gołębiewski W, Grodner J, Willis M, Osborne J, Gucma M. The First Stereoselective Synthesis of a Dithiane Derivative of the C18 β-Diketodiene System Proposed for an Active Compound Isolated from Cantharellus cibarius (Chanterelle). SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1379984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Willis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemical Research Laboratory
| | - James Osborne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemical Research Laboratory
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46
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Götz D, Osborne J, Cordier B, Paul J, Evans P, Beardmore A, Martindale A, Willingale R, O'Brien P, Basa S, Rossin C, Godet O, Webb N, Greiner J, Nandra K, Meidinger N, Perinati E, Santangelo A, Mercier K, Gonzalez F. The microchannel x-ray telescope for the gamma-ray burst mission SVOM. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1117/12.2054898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Koç H, Çakir E, Vinyard C, Essick G, Daubert C, Drake M, Osborne J, Foegeding E. Adaptation of Oral Processing to the Fracture Properties of Soft Solids. J Texture Stud 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Koç
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences; North Carolina State University; Box 7624 Raleigh NC 27695-7624
| | - E. Çakir
- Fonterra; Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - C.J. Vinyard
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology; Northeast Ohio Medical University; Rootstown OH
| | - G. Essick
- Department of Prosthodontics; School of Dentistry; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill NC
| | - C.R. Daubert
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences; North Carolina State University; Box 7624 Raleigh NC 27695-7624
| | - M.A. Drake
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences; North Carolina State University; Box 7624 Raleigh NC 27695-7624
| | - J. Osborne
- Department of Statistics; North Carolina State University; Box 7624 Raleigh NC 27695-7624
| | - E.A. Foegeding
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences; North Carolina State University; Box 7624 Raleigh NC 27695-7624
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49
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Breidt F, Kay K, Cook J, Osborne J, Ingham B, Arritt F. Determination of 5-log reduction times for Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica, or Listeria monocytogenes in acidified foods with pH 3.5 or 3.8 3. J Food Prot 2013; 76:1245-9. [PMID: 23834800 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A critical factor in ensuring the safety of acidified foods is the establishment of a thermal process that assures the destruction of acid-resistant vegetative pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. For acidified foods such as dressings and mayonnaises with pH values of 3.5 or higher, the high water phase acidity (acetic acid of 1.5 to 2.5% or higher) can contribute to lethality, but there is a lack of data showing how the use of common ingredients such as acetic acid and preservatives, alone or in combination, can result in a 5-log reduction for strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes in the absence of a postpackaging pasteurization step. In this study, we determined the times needed at 10° C to achieve a 5-log reduction of E. coli O157:H7, S. enterica, and L. monocytogenes in pickling brines with a variety of acetic and benzoic acid combinations at pH 3.5 and 3.8. Evaluation of 15 different acid-pH combinations confirmed that strains of E. coli O157:H7 were significantly more acid resistant than strains of S. enterica and L. monocytogenes. Among the acid conditions tested, holding times of 4 days or less could achieve a 5-log reduction for vegetative pathogens at pH 3.5 with 2.5% acetic acid or at pH 3.8 with 2.5% acetic acid containing 0.1% benzoic acid. These data indicate the efficacy of benzoic acid for reducing the time necessary to achieve a 5-log reduction in target pathogens and may be useful for supporting process filings and the determination of critical controls for the manufacture of acidified foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Breidt
- South Atlantic Area Food Science Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 322 Schaub Hall, Box 7624, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7624, USA.
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50
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Davit Y, Byrne H, Osborne J, Pitt-Francis J, Gavaghan D, Quintard M. Hydrodynamic dispersion within porous biofilms. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2013; 87:012718. [PMID: 23410370 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.87.012718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 07/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Many microorganisms live within surface-associated consortia, termed biofilms, that can form intricate porous structures interspersed with a network of fluid channels. In such systems, transport phenomena, including flow and advection, regulate various aspects of cell behavior by controlling nutrient supply, evacuation of waste products, and permeation of antimicrobial agents. This study presents multiscale analysis of solute transport in these porous biofilms. We start our analysis with a channel-scale description of mass transport and use the method of volume averaging to derive a set of homogenized equations at the biofilm-scale in the case where the width of the channels is significantly smaller than the thickness of the biofilm. We show that solute transport may be described via two coupled partial differential equations or telegrapher's equations for the averaged concentrations. These models are particularly relevant for chemicals, such as some antimicrobial agents, that penetrate cell clusters very slowly. In most cases, especially for nutrients, solute penetration is faster, and transport can be described via an advection-dispersion equation. In this simpler case, the effective diffusion is characterized by a second-order tensor whose components depend on (1) the topology of the channels' network; (2) the solute's diffusion coefficients in the fluid and the cell clusters; (3) hydrodynamic dispersion effects; and (4) an additional dispersion term intrinsic to the two-phase configuration. Although solute transport in biofilms is commonly thought to be diffusion dominated, this analysis shows that hydrodynamic dispersion effects may significantly contribute to transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Davit
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, 24-29 St Giles', Oxford OX1 3LB, United Kingdom
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