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Dywicki J, Buitrago-Molina LE, Noyan F, Schlue J, Iordanidis K, Manns MP, Wedemeyer H, Jaeckel E, Hardtke-Wolenski M. Splenectomy induces biochemical remission and regeneration in experimental murine autoimmune hepatitis. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:284. [PMID: 36496477 PMCID: PMC9737750 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00933-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory liver disease. It is known that AIH originates not from the spleen but from the liver itself. Nonetheless, most details of the etiology and pathophysiology are unknown. We induced experimental murine AIH (emAIH) in NOD/Ltj mice by single administration of a replication-deficient adenovirus and performed splenectomy during late-stage disease. Biochemical disease remission occurred, which was characterized by improvement in transaminase levels. The causes of this remission included a shift in the transcriptomic signature of serum proteins toward regeneration. At the cellular level, there was a marked decrease in activated CD8+ T cells and an increase in intrahepatic regulatory T cells (Tregs). Here, intrahepatic Treg numbers correlated with biochemical remission. Notably, an imbalance in the T-cell/B-cell ratio was observed, with a disproportionate increase in total B cells. In summary, intrahepatic increases in Tregs, biochemical remission, and regeneration could be induced by splenectomy in the late stage of emAIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Dywicki
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Elisa Buitrago-Molina
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fatih Noyan
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jerome Schlue
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Iordanidis
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael P. Manns
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elmar Jaeckel
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Liver Transplantation, Multi Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Matthias Hardtke-Wolenski
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,grid.5718.b0000 0001 2187 5445Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Dywicki J, Buitrago‐Molina LE, Noyan F, Davalos‐Misslitz AC, Hupa‐Breier KL, Lieber M, Hapke M, Schlue J, Falk CS, Raha S, Prinz I, Koenecke C, Manns MP, Wedemeyer H, Hardtke‐Wolenski M, Jaeckel E. The Detrimental Role of Regulatory T Cells in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:320-333. [PMID: 34532981 PMCID: PMC8793993 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is induced by steatosis and metabolic inflammation. While involvement of the innate immune response has been shown, the role of the adaptive immune response in NASH remains controversial. Likewise, the role of regulatory T cells (Treg) in NASH remains unclear although initial clinical trials aim to target these regulatory responses. High-fat high-carbohydrate (HF-HC) diet feeding of NASH-resistant BALB/c mice as well as the corresponding recombination activating 1 (Rag)-deficient strain was used to induce NASH and to study the role of the adaptive immune response. HF-HC diet feeding induced strong activation of intrahepatic T cells in BALB/c mice, suggesting an antigen-driven effect. In contrast, the effects of the absence of the adaptive immune response was notable. NASH in BALB/c Rag1-/- mice was substantially worsened and accompanied by a sharp increase of M1-like macrophage numbers. Furthermore, we found an increase in intrahepatic Treg numbers in NASH, but either adoptive Treg transfer or anti-cluster of differentiation (CD)3 therapy unexpectedly increased steatosis and the alanine aminotransferase level without otherwise affecting NASH. Conclusion: Although intrahepatic T cells were activated and marginally clonally expanded in NASH, these effects were counterbalanced by increased Treg numbers. The ablation of adaptive immunity in murine NASH led to marked aggravation of NASH, suggesting that Tregs are not regulators of metabolic inflammation but rather enhance it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Dywicki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Laura Elisa Buitrago‐Molina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyEssen University HospitalUniversity Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Fatih Noyan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Ana C. Davalos‐Misslitz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Katharina L. Hupa‐Breier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Maren Lieber
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Martin Hapke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Jerome Schlue
- Institute of PathologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Christine S. Falk
- Institute of Transplant ImmunologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Solaiman Raha
- Institute of ImmunologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of ImmunologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- Institute of Systems ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Christian Koenecke
- Institute of ImmunologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell TransplantationHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Michael P. Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyEssen University HospitalUniversity Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Matthias Hardtke‐Wolenski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyEssen University HospitalUniversity Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Elmar Jaeckel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
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Aku FY, Beisembekova D, Adebisi NA, Mertens E, Wende L, Marashi SM, Dywicki J. Investigation of an outbreak caused by an unknown infectious pathogen in rural Zola. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 40:5. [PMID: 36285253 PMCID: PMC9532275 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.supp.2021.40.2.30990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This case study was written as part of a fellowship in biosafety and biosecurity organised by the German Biosecurity Programme, namely the Global Partnership Initiated Biosecurity Academia for Controlling Health Threats (GIBACHT). Among other objectives, the fellowship focuses on equipping participants with the skills of developing their own country-specific case studies with focus on biosafety- and biosecurity-related scenarios. Upon completion of the underlying case study, participants should be able to identify some existing gaps with regards to early detection and investigation of outbreaks, describe the key steps in outbreak investigation, explain the role of communication and coordination among the various stakeholders in outbreak investigations and analyse epidemiological data obtained during outbreak investigations. They should also be able to suggest appropriate control and prevention measures for specific disease outbreaks with focus on foodborne outbreaks and to distinguish between biosafety and biosecurity concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fortress Yayra Aku
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe Campus, Ghana
| | - Dinara Beisembekova
- Nazarbayev University, University Healthcare Department, Nur Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Eva Mertens
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard-Nocht-Strasse 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany,,Global Partnership Initiated Biosecurity Academia for Controlling Health Threats (GIBACHT), Hamburg, Germany,,Corresponding author: Eva Mertens, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard-Nocht-Strasse 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Lea Wende
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for International Health Protection, Preparedness and Operations Support, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany,,Global Partnership Initiated Biosecurity Academia for Controlling Health Threats (GIBACHT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sayed Mahdi Marashi
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Department of Virology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Janine Dywicki
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for International Health Protection, Preparedness and Operations Support, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany,,Global Partnership Initiated Biosecurity Academia for Controlling Health Threats (GIBACHT), Berlin, Germany
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Buitrago-Molina LE, Dywicki J, Noyan F, Schepergerdes L, Pietrek J, Lieber M, Schlue J, Manns MP, Wedemeyer H, Jaeckel E, Hardtke-Wolenski M. Anti-CD20 Therapy Alters the Protein Signature in Experimental Murine AIH, but Not Exclusively towards Regeneration. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061471. [PMID: 34208308 PMCID: PMC8231180 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that usually requires lifelong immunosuppression. Frequent recurrences after the discontinuation of therapy indicate that intrahepatic immune regulation is not restored by current treatments. Studies of other autoimmune diseases suggest that temporary depletion of B cells can improve disease progression in the long term. Methods: We tested a single administration of anti-CD20 antibodies to reduce B cells and the amount of IgG to induce intrahepatic immune tolerance. We used our experimental murine AIH (emAIH) model and treated the mice with anti-CD20 during the late stage of the disease. Results: After treatment, the mice showed the expected reductions in B cells and serum IgGs, but no improvements in pathology. However, all treated animals showed a highly altered serum protein expression pattern, which was a balance between inflammation and regeneration. Conclusions: In conclusion, anti-CD20 therapy did not produce clinically measurable results because it triggered inflammation, as well as regeneration, at the proteomic level. This finding suggests that anti-CD20 is ineffective as a sole treatment for AIH or emAIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Elisa Buitrago-Molina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.E.B.-M.); (J.D.); (F.N.); (L.S.); (M.L.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (E.J.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Janine Dywicki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.E.B.-M.); (J.D.); (F.N.); (L.S.); (M.L.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (E.J.)
| | - Fatih Noyan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.E.B.-M.); (J.D.); (F.N.); (L.S.); (M.L.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (E.J.)
| | - Lena Schepergerdes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.E.B.-M.); (J.D.); (F.N.); (L.S.); (M.L.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (E.J.)
| | - Julia Pietrek
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Maren Lieber
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.E.B.-M.); (J.D.); (F.N.); (L.S.); (M.L.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (E.J.)
| | - Jerome Schlue
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Michael P. Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.E.B.-M.); (J.D.); (F.N.); (L.S.); (M.L.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (E.J.)
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.E.B.-M.); (J.D.); (F.N.); (L.S.); (M.L.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (E.J.)
| | - Elmar Jaeckel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.E.B.-M.); (J.D.); (F.N.); (L.S.); (M.L.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (E.J.)
| | - Matthias Hardtke-Wolenski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.E.B.-M.); (J.D.); (F.N.); (L.S.); (M.L.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (E.J.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-723-6081; Fax: +49-201-723-6915
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Hupa-Breier KL, Dywicki J, Hartleben B, Wellhöner F, Heidrich B, Taubert R, Mederacke YSE, Lieber M, Iordanidis K, Manns MP, Wedemeyer H, Hardtke-Wolenski M, Jaeckel E. Dulaglutide Alone and in Combination with Empagliflozin Attenuate Inflammatory Pathways and Microbiome Dysbiosis in a Non-Diabetic Mouse Model of NASH. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040353. [PMID: 33808404 PMCID: PMC8066839 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of glucose homeostasis plays a major role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) as it activates proinflammatory and profibrotic processes. Beneficial effects of antiglycemic treatments such as GLP-1 agonist or SGLT-2 inhibitor on NASH in patients with diabetes have already been investigated. However, their effect on NASH in a non-diabetic setting remains unclear. With this aim, we investigated the effect of long-acting GLP1-agonist dulaglutide and SGLT-2 inhibitor empagliflozin and their combination in a non-diabetic mouse model of NASH. C57BL/6 mice received a high-fat-high-fructose (HFHC) diet with a surplus of cholesterol for 16 weeks. After 12 weeks of diet, mice were treated with either dulaglutide, empagliflozin or their combination. Dulaglutide alone and in combination with empagliflozin led to significant weight loss, improved glucose homeostasis and diminished anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic pathways. Combination of dulaglutide and empagliflozin further decreased MoMFLy6CHigh and CD4+Foxp3+ T cells. No beneficial effects for treatment with empagliflozin alone could be shown. While no effect of dulaglutide or its combination with empaglifozin on hepatic steatosis was evident, these data demonstrate distinct anti-inflammatory effects of dulaglutide and their combination with empagliflozin in a non-diabetic background, which could have important implications for further treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Luise Hupa-Breier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-511-532-6992
| | - Janine Dywicki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Björn Hartleben
- Department of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Freya Wellhöner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Benjamin Heidrich
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Richard Taubert
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Young-Seon Elisabeth Mederacke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Maren Lieber
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Konstantinos Iordanidis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Michael P. Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Matthias Hardtke-Wolenski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Essen University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Elmar Jaeckel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.D.); (F.W.); (B.H.); (R.T.); (Y.S.M.); (M.L.); (K.I.); (M.P.M.); (H.W.); (M.H.-W.); (E.J.)
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Dywicki J, Buitrago-Molina LE, Pietrek J, Lieber M, Broering R, Khera T, Schlue J, Manns MP, Wedemeyer H, Jaeckel E, Hardtke-Wolenski M. Autoimmune hepatitis induction can occur in the liver. Liver Int 2020; 40:377-381. [PMID: 31724273 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The priming of T cells in the liver is widely accepted. Nonetheless, it is controversial whether immune activation in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) occurs in the liver or in the spleen. To address this issue, we splenectomized mice and induced experimental murine AIH (emAIH) with an adenovirus (Ad)-expressing formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase (FTCD). Post-splenectomy, the experimental mice developed emAIH to a higher extent than the control mice. In addition, splenectomized mice harboured more intrahepatic B cells and a disproportionately small number of regulatory T cells (Tregs) within a reduced T cell population at the site of inflammation. These results imply that the spleen is not the site of AIH induction. In contrast, the spleen seems to have a protective function since the pathological score was more severe in splenectomized animals. These findings have important implications for the aetiology of AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Dywicki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Elisa Buitrago-Molina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Pietrek
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Maren Lieber
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ruth Broering
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tanvi Khera
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jerome Schlue
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elmar Jaeckel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Hardtke-Wolenski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Tenspolde M, Zimmermann K, Weber LC, Hapke M, Lieber M, Dywicki J, Frenzel A, Hust M, Galla M, Buitrago-Molina LE, Manns MP, Jaeckel E, Hardtke-Wolenski M. Regulatory T cells engineered with a novel insulin-specific chimeric antigen receptor as a candidate immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes. J Autoimmun 2019; 103:102289. [PMID: 31176558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy with ex vivo expanded, polyspecific regulatory T cells (Tregs) is a promising treatment for graft-versus-host disease. Animal transplantation models used by us and others have demonstrated that the adoptive transfer of allospecific Tregs offers greater protection from graft rejection than that of polyclonal Tregs. This finding is in contrast to those of autoimmune models, where adoptive transfer of polyspecific Tregs had very limited effects, while antigen-specific Tregs were promising. However, antigen-specific Tregs in autoimmunity cannot be isolated in sufficient numbers. Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) can modify T cells and redirect their specificity toward needed antigens and are currently clinically used in leukemia patients. A major benefit of CAR technology is its "off-the-shelf" usability in a translational setting in contrast to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted T cell receptors. We used CAR technology to redirect T cell specificity toward insulin and redirect T effector cells (Teffs) to Tregs by Foxp3 transduction. Our data demonstrate that our converted, insulin-specific CAR Tregs (cTregs) were functional stable, suppressive and long-lived in vivo. This is a proof of concept for both redirection of T cell specificity and conversion of Teffs to cTregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Tenspolde
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Zimmermann
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Leonie C Weber
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Hapke
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren Lieber
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Janine Dywicki
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andre Frenzel
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Abteilung Biotechnologie, Braunschweig, Germany; YUMAB GmbH, Science Campus Braunschweig-Süd, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Hust
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Abteilung Biotechnologie, Braunschweig, Germany; YUMAB GmbH, Science Campus Braunschweig-Süd, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Melanie Galla
- Institute of Experimental Haematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura E Buitrago-Molina
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael P Manns
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elmar Jaeckel
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Hardtke-Wolenski
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Dywicki J, Noyan F, Misslitz AC, Hapke M, Galla M, Schlue J, Liblau RS, Taubert R, Manns MP, Jaeckel E, Hardtke-Wolenski M. Hepatic T Cell Tolerance Induction in An Inflammatory Environment. Dig Dis 2017; 36:156-166. [PMID: 29020680 DOI: 10.1159/000481341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
For the development of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), genetic predisposition and environmental triggers are of major importance. Although experimental AIH can be induced in genetically susceptible mice, the low precursor frequency of autoreactive T cells hampers a deeper analysis of liver-specific T cells. Here, we established a system where the model antigen hemagglutinin (HA) is expressed exclusively in hepatocytes of Rosa26-HA mice following administration of a replication deficient adenovirus expressing Cre recombinase (Ad-Cre). Under these conditions, hepatocytes mimic the generation of altered-self neoantigens. To follow autoreactive T cells during AIH, we adoptively transferred HA--specific Cl4-TCR and 6.5-TCR T cells into Ad-Cre infected -Rosa26-HA mice. Alternatively, Rosa26-HA mice have been crossed with TCR transgenic mice that were infected with Ad-Cre to break hepatic tolerance and induce the expression of the HA antigen as a hepatic self-antigen. Surprisingly, neither adoptive transfer nor a very high precursor frequency of autoreactive T cells was able to break tolerance in the context of adenoviral infection. The low proliferation of the antigen experienced autoreactive T cells despite the presence of the autoantigen and inflammation points to anergy as a potential tolerance mechanism. This model underscores the crucial importance of genetic susceptibility to break tolerance against hepatic autoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Dywicki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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9
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Hardtke-Wolenski M, Taubert R, Noyan F, Sievers M, Dywicki J, Schlue J, Falk CS, Ardesjö Lundgren B, Scott HS, Pich A, Anderson MS, Manns MP, Jaeckel E. Autoimmune hepatitis in a murine autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 model is directed against multiple autoantigens. Hepatology 2015; 61:1295-305. [PMID: 25475693 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is caused by mutations of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. Mouse studies have shown that this results in defective negative selection of T cells and defective early seeding of peripheral organs with regulatory T cells (Tregs). Aire deficiency in humans and mice manifests as spontaneous autoimmunity against multiple organs, and 20% of patients develop an autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). To study AIH in APS-1, we generated a murine model of human AIH on a BALB/c mouse background, in which Aire is truncated at exon 2. A subgroup of 24% of mice is affected by AIH, characterized by lymphoplasmacytic and periportal hepatic infiltrates, autoantibodies, elevated aminotransferases, and a chronic and progressive course of disease. Disease manifestation was dependent on specific Aire mutations and the genetic background of the mice. Though intrahepatic Treg numbers were increased and hyperproliferative, the intrahepatic CD4/CD8 ratio was decreased. The targets of the adaptive autoimmune response were polyspecific and not focussed on essential autoantigens, as described for other APS-1-related autoimmune diseases. The AIH could be treated with prednisolone or adoptive transfer of polyspecific Tregs. CONCLUSION Development of AIH in APS-1 is dependent on specific Aire mutations and genetic background genes. Autoimmune response is polyspecific and can be controlled by steroids or transfer with Tregs. This might enable new treatment options for patients with AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hardtke-Wolenski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Noyan F, Lieke T, Taubert R, Sievers M, Dywicki J, Hapke M, Falk CS, Manns MP, Jaeckel E, Hardtke-Wolenski M. Naive tumour-specific CD4+ T cells were efficiently primed in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Scand J Immunol 2014; 80:161-8. [PMID: 24910003 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The recognition and neutralization of tumour cells is one of the big challenges in immunity. The immune system has to recognize syngeneic tumour cells and has to be primed and respond in an adequate manner. Priming of a leukaemia-specific immune response is a crucial step in tumour immunology that can mislead to tumour tolerance either by T cell ignorance, deletion or Treg induction. To resemble the situation of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in patients, we used the murine BALB/c model with syngeneic BM185 tumour cells. We established a tumour cell line that expresses the neo-antigen ovalbumin (BM185-OVA/GFP) to allow the application of T cell receptor transgenic, antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells. Here, we demonstrate that effective anti-ALL immunity can be established by in vivo priming of CD4(+) T cells that is sufficient to differentiate into effector cells. Yet they failed to control tumour alone, but initiated a Th1 response. An efficient tumour clearance was dependent on both antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) effector T cells from the endogenous repertoire. The tolerogeneic milieu was characterized by increased Tregs numbers and elevated IL-10 level. Tregs hamper effective antitumour immune response, but their depletion did not result in reduced tumour growth. In contrast, neutralization of IL-10 improved median mouse survival. Future therapies should focus on establishing a strong CD4+ T cells response, either by adjuvant or by adoptive transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Noyan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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