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Drevinge C, Scheffler JM, Nordqvist J, Engdahl C, Carlsten H, Islander U. Treatment with a tissue-selective oestrogen complex does not affect disease pathology but reduces pre-BI cells in lupus-prone mice. Scand J Rheumatol 2024; 53:49-58. [PMID: 37722827 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2023.2251753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus) is an autoimmune disease characterized by B-cell dysfunction, production of autoantibodies, and immune complex formation. Lupus is overrepresented in females, indicating that sex hormones play a role in the pathophysiology. Treatment with a tissue-selective oestrogen complex (TSEC) containing conjugated oestrogens and the selective oestrogen receptor modulator bazedoxifene (BZA) protects against postmenopausal vasomotor symptoms and osteoporosis, but its impact on organ damage in lupus is not fully understood. METHOD We used ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice, treated with two different physiological doses of 17β-oestradiol-3-benzoate (E2), BZA, or TSEC (E2 plus BZA), to assess early and late B-cell development and to determine histological disease manifestations in the kidneys and salivary glands. RESULTS TSEC treatment reduced the frequency of the pre-BI population in bone marrow to levels equivalent to treatment with physiological doses of E2 alone but did not affect any of the other examined B-cell populations. Our earlier studies indicated that TSEC treatment did not aggravate disease development in ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice, while protecting against trabecular bone loss. Here, we follow up on our previous study and show that neither ovariectomy alone nor TSEC treatment of ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice influenced perivascular lymphocyte infiltration to the kidneys or salivary glands. CONCLUSION TSEC does not aggravate a mouse model of lupus, when given in doses that protect against postmenopausal lupus-associated bone loss. This indicates that further investigations into TSEC as a treatment for osteoporosis or vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women with SLE are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Drevinge
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J M Scheffler
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Nordqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Engdahl
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Carlsten
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - U Islander
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Gupta P, Sághy T, Nordqvist J, Nilsson J, Carlsten H, Horkeby K, Henning P, Engdahl C. Impact of estrogen on IgG glycosylation and serum protein glycosylation in a murine model of healthy postmenopause. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1243942. [PMID: 37766692 PMCID: PMC10519799 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1243942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The glycosylation of immunoglobulin (Ig) G regulates IgG interaction capability with Fc gamma receptors found in all immune cells. In pathogenic conditions, estrogen can impact IgG levels and glycosylation. Following menopause, when estrogen levels decline affecting the immune system and potentially leading to a heightened susceptibility of immune activation. Purpose In this study, we aim to determine if estrogen levels can regulate IgG glycosylation in postmenopausal healthy situations. Methods Mice were ovariectomized to simulate an estrogen-deficient postmenopausal status and then treated with 17-beta-estradiol (E2) at different doses and different administration strategies. Results Using a highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) glycoproteomic method, we demonstrated that E2 treatment increased the degree of glycosylation on IgG-Fc with both galactosylation and sialylation in the position required for interaction with Fc gamma receptors. We also observed that only long-term estrogen deficiency reduces IgG levels and that estrogen status had no impact on total IgG sialylation on both Fab and Fc domains or general glycoprotein sialylation evaluated by ELISA. Furthermore, E2 status did not affect the total sialic acid content of total cells in lymphoid organs and neither B cells nor plasma cells. Conclusion The study concluded that E2 treatment does not affect total serum glycoprotein sialylation but alters IgG glycosylation, including IgG sialylation, implying that estrogen functions as an intrinsic modulator of IgG sialylation and could thereby be one pathway by which estrogen modulates immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Gupta
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tibor Sághy
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jauquline Nordqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas Nilsson
- Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Horkeby
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Lagerquist MK, Gupta P, Sehic E, Horkeby KL, Scheffler JM, Nordqvist J, Lawenius L, Islander U, Corciulo C, Henning P, Carlsten H, Engdahl C. Reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins results in increased trabecular bone. JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10670. [PMID: 36111205 PMCID: PMC9465004 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has a significant effect on bone remodeling and can result in bone loss via increased stimulation of osteoclasts. Activated immunoglobulins, especially autoantibodies, can increase osteoclastogenesis and are associated with pathological bone loss. Whether immunoglobulins and mature B lymphocytes are important for general bone architecture has not been completely determined. Here we demonstrate, using a transgenic mouse model, that reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins leads to increased trabecular bone mass compared to wild‐type (WT) littermate controls. This bone effect is associated with a decrease in the number of osteoclasts and reduced bone resorption, despite decreased expression of osteoprotegerin. We also demonstrate that the reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins do not prevent bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency or arthritis compared to WT littermate controls. In conclusion, the reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins results in disturbed regulation of trabecular bone turnover in healthy conditions but is dispensable for pathological bone loss. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie K. Lagerquist
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Priti Gupta
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Edina Sehic
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | | | - Julia M. Scheffler
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Jauquline Nordqvist
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Lina Lawenius
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Carmen Corciulo
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
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Nordqvist J, Engdahl C, Scheffler JM, Gupta P, Gustafsson KL, Lagerquist MK, Carlsten H, Islander U. A tissue-selective estrogen complex as treatment of osteoporosis in experimental lupus. Lupus 2022; 31:143-154. [PMID: 35062848 PMCID: PMC8832562 DOI: 10.1177/09612033211067984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common secondary complication in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Current osteoporosis treatment with bisphosphonates has some negative side effects and there is a lack of data regarding newer treatments options for SLE associated osteoporosis. The tissue-selective estrogen complex (TSEC) containing conjugated estrogens and the selective estrogen receptor modulator bazedoxifene (Bza) is approved for treatment of postmenopausal vasomotor symptoms and prevention of osteoporosis. However, it has not been evaluated for treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal SLE patients. Ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice constitute a model for postmenopausal lupus that can be used for osteoporosis studies. We used this model in a set of experiments where the mice were treated with different doses of 17β-estradiol-3-benzoate (E2), Bza, or TSEC (E2 plus Bza), administered in the early or late phases of disease development. The skeleton was analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, and high-resolution microcomputed tomography. The lupus disease was assessed by determination of proteinuria, hematuria, and lupus disease markers in serum. Treatment with medium dose TSEC administered in early disease protected ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice from trabecular bone loss, while there were no differences in lupus disease parameters between treatments. This is the first experimental study to investigate TSEC as a potential new therapy for osteoporosis in postmenopausal SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jauquline Nordqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Julia M Scheffler
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Priti Gupta
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Karin L Gustafsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, 70712University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Postmenopausal women with systemic lupus erythematosus have an increased risk of osteoporosis and associated fractures. Their increased osteoporosis risk is probably caused by a high level of inflammation, use of glucocorticoids, impaired kidney function, and early menopause as these are known risk factors for osteoporosis. Due to these risk factors and the lack of safe and effective treatments, new therapies for the treatment of osteoporosis in this group of patients are needed. Ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice constitute a well-established model for studies of postmenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus; however, it is not clear to what extent this experimental model is associated with the development of osteoporosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the skeleton of ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice to determine the suitability of this model in studies of prospective new therapies for osteoporosis in postmenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus patients. METHODS Skeletal parameters were measured in MRL/lpr mice and MRL/++ control mice, using peripheral quantitative computed tomography, high-resolution micro-computed tomography and biomechanical analyses. mRNA expression of bone-remodeling markers was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and serological markers of lupus disease were evaluated using ELISA. RESULTS Total bone mineral density was reduced in MRL/lpr mice compared with MRL/++ mice and MRL/lpr mice had reduced cortical and trabecular bone thickness compared with MRL/++ mice. In line with the low bone mass of MRL/lpr mice, gene expression analysis of cortical bone from these mice indicated an increased osteoclast activity as well as a decreased osteoblastogenesis and osteoblast activity, compared with MRL/++ mice. CONCLUSION Ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice constitute a valuable experimental model for studies of osteoporosis development in postmenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus and this model is thus suitable for future studies of osteoporosis treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nordqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M K Lagerquist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - U Islander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Carlsten
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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Nordqvist J, Bernardi A, Islander U, Carlsten H. Effects of a tissue-selective estrogen complex on B lymphopoiesis and B cell function. Immunobiology 2017; 222:918-923. [PMID: 28551078 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE 17β-estradiol (E2) has major effects on the immune system. It induces thymic atrophy, inhibits both T and B lymphopoiesis and stimulates antibody production treatment with E2 has protective effects on the skeleton but is associated with negative side effects in reproductive organs. A tissue-selective estrogen complex (TSEC) comprise of estrogens combined with a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). TSEC therapy displays the bone-protective effects of estrogen, while the negative side effects on reproductive organs are blocked by the SERM. In a recent publication we showed that treatment with the TSEC E2+bazedoxifene (bza) potently inhibits experimental arthritis and associated osteoporosis. In order to elucidate immunological mechanisms involved in those effects, the aim of this study was to investigate how E2+bza treatment affects the healthy immune system. METHODS Ovariectomized C57BL/6N mice were treated with vehicle, E2, bza or E2+bza. Weights of uterus and thymus were determined and fluorescence-activated cell sorting was used to analyze B cell populations in bone marrow and spleen. Immunoglobulin production from B cells in bone marrow and spleen were determined using ELISPOT. RESULTS Addition of bza to E2-treatment totally antagonized the E2-mediated proliferative effect on uterus. On the contrary, addition of bza to E2-treatment did not block the E2-induced thymic atrophy or inhibition of B lymphopoiesis, and did not block the E2-induced increase in immunoglobulin secretion from bone marrow B cells. CONCLUSIONS Addition of bza to E2-treatment blocks E2-induced uteroproliferation but does not alter E2-mediated effects on thymus, B lymphopoiesis or B cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jauquline Nordqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Angelina Bernardi
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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