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Ngo Nsoga MT, Kronig I, Perez Rodriguez FJ, Sattonnet-Roche P, Da Silva D, Helbling J, Sacks JA, de Vos M, Boehm E, Gayet- Ageron A, Berger A, Jacquerioz-Bausch F, Chappuis F, Kaiser L, Schibler M, Renzoni A, Eckerle I. Diagnostic accuracy of Panbio rapid antigen tests on oropharyngeal swabs for detection of SARS-CoV-2. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253321. [PMID: 34166410 PMCID: PMC8224876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 offer new opportunities for testing in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) are the reference sample type, but oropharyngeal swabs (OPS) may be a more acceptable sample type in some patients. METHODS We conducted a prospective study in a single screening center to assess the diagnostic performance of the Panbio™ COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test (Abbott) on OPS compared with reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) using NPS during the second pandemic wave in Switzerland. RESULTS 402 outpatients were enrolled in a COVID-19 screening center, of whom 168 (41.8%) had a positive RT-qPCR test. The oropharyngeal Ag-RDT clinical sensitivity compared to nasopharyngeal RT-qPCR was 81% (95%CI: 74.2-86.6). Two false positives were noted out of the 234 RT-qPCR negative individuals, which resulted in a clinical specificity of 99.1% (95%CI: 96.9-99.9) for the Ag-RDT. For cycle threshold values ≤ 26.7 (≥ 1E6 SARS-CoV-2 genomes copies/mL, a presumed cut-off for infectious virus), 96.3% sensitivity (95%CI: 90.7-99.0%) was obtained with the Ag-RDT using OPS. INTERPRETATION Based on our findings, the diagnostic performance of the Panbio™ Covid-19 RDT with OPS samples, if taken by a trained person and high requirements regarding quality of the specimen, meet the criteria required by the WHO for Ag-RDTs (sensitivity ≥80% and specificity ≥97%) in a high incidence setting in symptomatic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilona Kronig
- Infectious Disease Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Diogo Da Silva
- Infectious Disease Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Javan Helbling
- Infectious Disease Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jilian A. Sacks
- Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Erik Boehm
- Infectious Disease Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Angèle Gayet- Ageron
- CRC & Division of Clinical-Epidemiology, Department of Health and Community Medicine, University of Geneva & University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alice Berger
- Infectious Disease Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - François Chappuis
- Department of Primary Care, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Kaiser
- Infectious Disease Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratory Medicine Division, Laboratory of Virology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Schibler
- Infectious Disease Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Geneva Centre for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratory Medicine Division, Laboratory of Virology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adriana Renzoni
- Laboratory Medicine Division, Laboratory of Virology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabella Eckerle
- Infectious Disease Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Geneva Centre for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratory Medicine Division, Laboratory of Virology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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