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Arihiro S, Nakashima A, Matsuoka M, Suto S, Uchiyama K, Kato T, Mitobe J, Komoike N, Itagaki M, Miyakawa Y, Koido S, Hokari A, Saruta M, Tajiri H, Matsuura T, Urashima M. Randomized Trial of Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent Seasonal Influenza and Upper Respiratory Infection in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2019; 25:1088-1095. [PMID: 30601999 PMCID: PMC6499936 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated whether oral vitamin D supplementation during the winter and early spring reduces the incidence of influenza and upper respiratory infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was conducted to compare the effects of vitamin D supplementation (500 IU/day) and a placebo. The primary outcome was the incidence of influenza; the secondary outcome was the incidence of upper respiratory infection. Prespecified subgroup analyses were performed according to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels (low <20 ng/mL or high ≥20 ng/mL) and whether ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) was present. We also used the Lichtiger clinical activity index for patients with UC and the Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) for patients with CD before and after interventions. RESULTS We included 223 patients with IBD and randomized them into 2 groups: vitamin D supplementation (n = 108) and placebo (n = 115). The incidence of influenza did not differ between the groups. However, the incidence of upper respiratory infection was significantly lower in the vitamin D group (relative risk [RR], 0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.35-0.98; P = 0.042). This effect was enhanced in the low 25-OHD level subgroup (RR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.14-0.90; P = 0.02). With respect to adverse events, the Lichtiger clinical activity index score was significantly worse in the vitamin D group (P = 0.002) and remained significant only in the high 25-OHD level subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D supplementation may have a preventative effect against upper respiratory infection in patients with IBD but may worsen the symptoms of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Arihiro
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center,Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Nakashima
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Division of Molecular Epidemiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Matsuoka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center,Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kan Uchiyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kato
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jimi Mitobe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Komoike
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munenori Itagaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center,Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Miyakawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Daisan Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Koido
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hokari
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center,Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saruta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisao Tajiri
- Department of Innovative Interventional Endoscopy Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Matsuura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Urashima
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Address correspondence to: Mitsuyoshi Urashima MD, MPH, PhD, Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Nishi-shimbashi 3-25-8, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105–8461, Japan. E-mail:
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Itagaki M, Saruta M, Saijo H, Mitobe J, Arihiro S, Matsuoka M, Kato T, Ikegami M, Tajiri H. Efficacy of zinc-carnosine chelate compound, Polaprezinc, enemas in patients with ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2014; 49:164-72. [PMID: 24286534 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2013.863963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, relapsing and remitting intestinal inflammatory disorder. Zinc is known to be efficacious for the repair of damaged tissue and has been shown to protect against gastric ulceration. This study focused on Polaprezinc (PZ), N-(3-aminopropionyl)-L-histidinato zinc, which accelerates ulcer healing through actions such as prostaglandin-independent cytoprotection and antioxidative activity. METHODS In this randomized, placebo-controlled, investigator-blinded trial, 28 patients with active UC at The Jikei University Hospital were randomly divided into two groups: one treated with a 150 mg PZ enema (n = 18) and the other not treated with a PZ enema (n = 10). All patients received usual induction therapy. Clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings and histological findings were evaluated at entry and one week later. RESULTS In the PZ group, modified Matts' endoscopic scores were significantly improved after treatment compared to baseline in the rectum (p = 0.004), sigmoid colon (p = 0.03) and descending colon (p = 0.04). In the non-PZ group, scores were not significantly improved in the rectum (p = 0.14) and descending colon (p = 0.34), but were improved in the sigmoid colon (p = 0.04). In the PZ group, the Mayo scores at baseline and at Day 8 were 9.1 ± 1.6 and 5.8 ± 2.7 (p = 0.00004), respectively, and in the placebo group, the scores were 8.9 ± 1.7 and 7.4 ± 2.1 (p = 0.009), respectively. Clinical response or remission was significantly better in the PZ group (71%) than in the placebo group (10%). CONCLUSIONS A zinc-carnosine chelate compound, PZ, enema may become a useful new add-on treatment to accelerate mucosal healing in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munenori Itagaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
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Nagatsuma K, Hano H, Murakami K, Shindo D, Matsumoto Y, Mitobe J, Tanaka K, Saito M, Maehashi H, Owada M, Ikegami M, Tsubota A, Ohkusa T, Aizawa Y, Takagi I, Tajiri H, Matsuura T. Hepatic stellate cells that coexpress LRAT and CRBP-1 partially contribute to portal fibrogenesis in patients with human viral hepatitis. Liver Int 2014; 34:243-52. [PMID: 23890161 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Precisely what type of cells mainly contributes to portal fibrosis, especially in chronic viral hepatitis, such as hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in the parenchyma or myofibroblasts in the portal area, still remains unclear. It is necessary to clarify the characteristics of cells that contribute to portal fibrosis in order to determine the mechanism of portal fibrogenesis and to develop a therapeutic target for portal fibrosis. This study was undertaken to examine whether LRAT+/CRBP-1+ HSCs contribute to portal fibrosis on viral hepatitis. METHODS Antibodies to lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), cellular retinol-binding protein-1 (CRBP-1) and widely ascertained antibodies to HSCs (alpha-smooth muscle actin, neurotrophin-3) and endothelial cells (CD31) were used for immunohistochemical studies to assess the distribution of cells that contribute to the development of portal fibrosis with the aid of fluorescence microscopy. A quantitative analysis of LRAT+/CRBP-1+ HSCs was performed. RESULTS The number of LRAT+/CRBP-1+ HSCs was increased in fibrotic liver in comparison with normal liver in the portal area and fibrous septa. The number of double positive cells was less than 20% of all cells/field in maximum. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that functional HSCs coexpressing both LRAT and CRBP-1 that continue to maintain the ability to store vitamin A contribute in part to the development of portal fibrogenesis in addition to parenchymal fibrogenesis in patients with viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Nagatsuma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Koido S, Ohkusa T, Kajiura T, Shinozaki J, Suzuki M, Saito K, Takakura K, Tsukinaga S, Odahara S, Yukawa T, Mitobe J, Kajihara M, Uchiyama K, Arakawa H, Tajiri H. Long-term alteration of intestinal microbiota in patients with ulcerative colitis by antibiotic combination therapy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86702. [PMID: 24489770 PMCID: PMC3906066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous work has demonstrated that intestinal bacteria, such as Fusobacterium varium (F. varium), contribute to the clinical activity in ulcerative colitis (UC); thus, an antibiotic combination therapy (amoxicillin, tetracycline, and metronidazole (ATM)) against F. varium can induce and maintain UC remission. Therefore, we investigated whether ATM therapy induces a long-term alteration of intestinal microbiota in patients with UC. Patients with UC were enrolled in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Biopsy samples at the beginning of the trial and again at 3 months after treatment completion were randomly obtained from 20 patients. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) in mucosa-associated bacterial components was examined to assess the alteration of the intestinal microbiota. Profile changes of T-RFLP in mucosa-associated bacterial components were found in 10 of 12 patients in the treatment group and in none of 8 in the placebo group. Dice similarity coefficients using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages (Dice-UPGMA) confirmed that the similarity of mucosal microbiota from the descending colon was significantly decreased after the ATM therapy, and this change was maintained for at least 3 months. Moreover, at 3 months after treatment completion, the F. varium/β-actin ratio, examined by real-time PCR using nested PCR products from biopsy samples, was reduced less than 40% in 8 of 12 treated patients, which was higher, but not significantly, than in 4 of 8 patients in the placebo group. Together, these results suggest that ATM therapy induces long-term alterations in the intestinal microbiota of patients with UC, which may be associated, at least in part, with clinical effects of the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Koido
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Ohkusa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Takayuki Kajiura
- Frontier Research Laboratories, Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
- Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Junko Shinozaki
- Frontier Research Laboratories, Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
- Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Manabu Suzuki
- Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Keisuke Saito
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Takakura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Tsukinaga
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunichi Odahara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toyokazu Yukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jimi Mitobe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikio Kajihara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kan Uchiyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arakawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisao Tajiri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Koido S, Ohkusa T, Takakura K, Odahara S, Tsukinaga S, Yukawa T, Mitobe J, Kajihara M, Uchiyama K, Arakawa H, Tajiri H. Clinical significance of serum procalcitonin in patients with ulcerative colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:8335-8341. [PMID: 24363525 PMCID: PMC3857457 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i45.8335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the association of procalcitonin (PCT) with ulcerative colitis (UC) activity.
METHODS: Serum PCT levels, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the white blood cell count were analyzed in 18 patients with UC and 11 healthy volunteers. Serum PCT levels were analyzed by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Severity assessments were based on Truelove and Witts’ severity index. Correlation of serum PCT and CRP levels with UC activity was examined. Moreover, we assessed serum PCT and CRP levels in patients with a Mayo endoscopic subscore.
RESULTS: Serum PCT levels in severe UC patients (n = 7) (0.096 ± 0.034 ng/mL) were significantly higher than in mild-to-moderate UC patients (n = 11) (0.033 ± 0.012 ng/mL) and healthy volunteers (n = 11) (0.035 ± 0.005 ng/mL) (P = 0.0005 and P < 0.0001, respectively). In addition, there was no difference in serum PCT levels between mild-to-moderate UC patients and healthy volunteers. Interestingly, patients with a Mayo endoscopic subscore of 3 points displayed significantly increased levels of serum PCT (0.075 ± 0.043 ng/mL) compared with patients with a subscore of 2 points (0.03 ± 0.011 ng/mL) (P = 0.0302). Moreover, CRP levels in patients with severe UC or a Mayo endoscopic subscore of 3 points were not significantly higher than in patients with mild-to-moderate UC or a Mayo endoscopic subscore of 3 points.
CONCLUSION: Serum PCT levels were significantly correlated with UC activity.
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Takakura K, Koido S, Takahara A, Odahara S, Mitobe J, Matsudaira H, Tsukinaga S, Yukawa T, Matsumoto K, Nagatsuma K, Uchiyama K, Kajihara M, Ohkusa T, Tajiri H. Long-term management of gemcitabine in a patient with advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing haemodialysis. J Chemother 2013; 26:369-72. [DOI: 10.1179/1973947813y.0000000150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Mitobe J, Ikegami M, Urashima M, Takahashi H, Goda K, Tajiri H. Clinicopathological investigation of lymph node metastasis predictors in superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with a focus on evaluation of lympho-vascular invasion. Scand J Gastroenterol 2013; 48:1173-82. [PMID: 23971724 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2013.832365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Reliable indicators of the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (sESCC: intramucosal and submucosal invasive carcinoma) may contribute to assist optimal clinical decision-making for treating sESCC. In esophageal cancer, there is a possibility of metastasis, even in sESCC, and careful evaluation is needed when making a pathological diagnosis. In this study, we objectively evaluated predictive factors of LNM. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 110 consecutive sESCC cases were obtained. We evaluated candidate predictive factors of LNM as follows: (1) maximum tumor diameter; (2) macroscopic type; (3) depth of tumor invasion; (4) histological differentiation; (5) infiltrative growth pattern; (6) tumor budding; (7) lymphatic invasion; (8) venous invasion and (9) lympho-vascular invasion (LVI). Both Elastica-Van Gieson staining (EVG) and immunohistochemistry (IHC: D2-40, CD31, CD34) were used to evaluate invasion into the lympho-vascular spaces. For statistical analyses, single and multiple logistic regression were performed. RESULTS. LNM was observed in 37 cases (33.6%). LVI using EVG and IHC was the strongest independent predictor of LNM with an odds ratio of 12.01. Analysis of the relationship between LVI using EVG and IHC and LNM showed a negative predictive value of 94.6%. CONCLUSIONS. Evaluation of LVI using EVG and IHC may contribute to predict LNM in sESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimi Mitobe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
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Yukawa T, Ohkusa T, Shibuya T, Tsukinaga S, Mitobe J, Takakura K, Takahara A, Odahara S, Matsudaira H, Nagatsuma K, Kitahara T, Kajihara M, Uchiyama K, Arakawa H, Koido S, Tajiri H. Nested culture method improves detection of Fusobacterium from stool in patients with ulcerative colitis. Jpn J Infect Dis 2013; 66:109-14. [PMID: 23514906 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.66.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fusobacterium varium is an elusive pathogenic factor in ulcerative colitis (UC); conventional methods of fecal culture rarely recover F. varium. We have developed a nested culture method to recover Fusobacterium and we used it to investigate whether F. varium could be isolated from UC patients. We enrolled 50 consecutive patients in this study; 26 received combination antibiotic therapy that included amoxicillin, tetracycline, and metronidazole (ATM) for 2 weeks and were thus assigned to the ATM group, and the remaining 24 were assigned to the non-ATM group and did not receive any antibiotics. Stool samples were added to 10 ml of GAM broth that contained neomycin and crystal violet. The samples were vortexed and incubated under anaerobic conditions. The preincubated broth was streaked onto a Fusobacterium-selective agar plate and then incubated under anaerobic conditions. The species of the colonies isolated were identified using the Vitek Automated system and PCR analysis. We recoverd F. varium from 7 of the 24 non-ATM patients (29.2%) and none from the ATM patients (0%) (P = 0.0035). All of the F. varium isolates were susceptible to ATM. This study suggests that the recovery of F. varium is related to UC, which aligns with results from previous studies that used mucosal culture, immunostaining, real-time PCR, and serological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyokazu Yukawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Kashiwa 277-8567, Chiba, Japan
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Koido S, Homma S, Okamoto M, Namiki Y, Takakura K, Takahara A, Odahara S, Tsukinaga S, Yukawa T, Mitobe J, Matsudaira H, Nagatsuma K, Kajihara M, Uchiyama K, Arihiro S, Imazu H, Arakawa H, Kan S, Hayashi K, Komita H, Kamata Y, Ito M, Hara E, Ohkusa T, Gong J, Tajiri H. Augmentation of antitumor immunity by fusions of ethanol-treated tumor cells and dendritic cells stimulated via dual TLRs through TGF-β1 blockade and IL-12p70 production. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63498. [PMID: 23717436 PMCID: PMC3663747 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of fusion cell (FC)-based cancer vaccine generated with whole tumor cells and dendritic cells (DCs) requires the improved immunogenicity of both cells. Treatment of whole tumor cells with ethanol resulted in blockade of immune-suppressive soluble factors such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and IL-10 without decreased expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and the MUC1 tumor-associated antigen. Moreover, the ethanol-treated tumor cells expressed “eat-me” signals such as calreticulin (CRT) on the cell surface and released immunostimulatory factors such as heat shock protein (HSP)90α and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). A dual stimulation of protein-bound polysaccharides isolated from Coriolus versicolor (TLR2 agonist) and penicillin-inactivated Streptococcus pyogenes (TLR4 agonist) led human monocyte-derived DCs to produce HSP90α and multiple cytokines such as IL-12p70 and IL-10. Interestingly, incorporating ethanol-treated tumor cells and TLRs-stimulated DCs during the fusion process promoted fusion efficiency and up-regulated MHC class II molecules on a per fusion basis. Moreover, fusions of ethanol-treated tumor cells and dual TLRs-stimulated DCs (E-tumor/FCs) inhibited the production of multiple immune-suppressive soluble factors including TGF-β1 and up-regulated the production of IL-12p70 and HSP90α. Most importantly, E-tumor/FCs activated T cells capable of producing high levels of IFN-γ, resulting in augmented MUC1-specific CTL induction. Collectively, our results illustrate the synergy between ethanol-treated whole tumor cells and dual TLRs-stimulated DCs in inducing augmented CTL responses in vitro by FC preparations. The alternative system is simple and may provide a platform for adoptive immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Koido
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Koido S, Homma S, Okamoto M, Namiki Y, Takakura K, Takahara A, Odahara S, Tsukinaga S, Yukawa T, Mitobe J, Matsudaira H, Nagatsuma K, Uchiyama K, Kajihara M, Arihiro S, Imazu H, Arakawa H, Kan S, Komita H, Ito M, Ohkusa T, Gong J, Tajiri H. Combined TLR2/4-activated dendritic/tumor cell fusions induce augmented cytotoxic T lymphocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59280. [PMID: 23555011 PMCID: PMC3598755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of antitumor immunity by dendritic cell (DC)-tumor fusion cells (DC/tumor) can be modulated by their activation status. In this study, to address optimal status of DC/tumor to induce efficient antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), we have created various types of DC/tumor: 1) un-activated DC/tumor; 2) penicillin-killed Streptococcus pyogenes (OK-432; TLR4 agonist)-activated DC/tumor; 3) protein-bound polysaccharides isolated from Coriolus versicolor (PSK; TLR2 agonist)-activated DC/tumor; and 4) Combined OK-432- and PSK-activated DC/tumor. Moreover, we assessed the effects of TGF-β1 derived from DC/tumor on the induction of MUC1-specific CTLs. Combined TLR2- and TLR4-activated DC/tumor overcame immune-suppressive effect of TGF-β1 in comparison to those single activated or un-activated DC/tumor as demonstrated by: 1) up-regulation of MHC class II and CD86 expression on DC/tumor; 2) increased fusion efficiency; 3) increased production of fusions derived IL-12p70; 4) activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that produce high levels of IFN-γ; 5) augmented induction of CTL activity specific for MUC1; and 6) superior efficacy in inhibiting CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cell generation. However, DC/tumor-derived TGF-β1 reduced the efficacy of DC/tumor vaccine in vitro. Incorporating combined TLRs-activation and TGF-β1-blockade of DC/tumor may enhance the effectiveness of DC/tumor-based cancer vaccines and have the potential applicability to the field of adoptive immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Koido
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Miyazaki T, Arihiro S, Mitobe J, Aoki Y, Takikawa S, Saruta M, Matsuoka M, Koike K, Kato T, Kashiwagi H, Ikegami M, Tajiri H. The utility of balloon enteroscopy in the diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma of the small intestine: a case report. Pathol Int 2013; 63:120-4. [PMID: 23464970 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of the rare neoplasm histiocytic sarcoma (HS) relies on morphology and the presence of immunophenotypic features of histiocytic lineage. More than 57 cases, including 16 cases involving the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, have been described since the World Health Organization issued its classification system for tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue in 2001. HS is often diagnosed in its late stages, at which point the prognosis is poor. Only a small proportion of these patients can undergo surgical resection with curative intent. The present report describes how HS can be diagnosed at a stage of favorable prognosis using balloon enteroscopy (BE), thereby enabling surgical resection before the development of metastases. This strategy is reviewed in the setting of a patient with jejunal HS, followed by a discussion of data from 16 other reported cases of GI HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamihiro Miyazaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Kawabata M, Niida R, Mitobe J, Higashi H, Shida H, Tokura N. Percutaneous transesophageal gastrotubing was effective in palliating major symptoms of a patient with peritoneal carcinomatosis. J Pain Symptom Manage 2004; 28:3-4. [PMID: 15223078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2004.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
The RNA polymerase II (Pol II) of Schizosaccharomyces pombe is composed of 12 subunits. Subunit Rpb3 has sequence homology with the N-terminal domain of the prokaryotic alpha subunit, which plays a key role in RNA polymerase assembly. Together with the Rpb2 (the beta homologue) and Rpb11 (the second alpha homologue) subunits, Rpb3 constitutes a core subassembly (Rpb2-Rpb3-Rpb11) which corresponds to the the alpha2beta assembly intermediate of prokaryotic RNA polymerase. For the functional mapping of Rpb3, we made a collection of 12 heat-sensitive (Ts) or cold-sensitive (Cs) S. pombe mutants, each carrying a single mutation in one of the four conserved regions of Rpb3. The altered functions of six representative Pol II mutants containing the mutant Rpb3 were analyzed in vitro using an improved version of the GAL4-VP16 activator-dependent transcription system catalyzed by S. pombe cell extracts. The transcription activity by the extracts from Rpb3 mutants decreased to varying extents after heat treatment; but the extracts from Rpb3 mutants which had mutations in the eukaryote-specific conserved regions B and C regained their activity by the addition of GAL4-VP16, to a larger extent than those from the region A and D mutants. We propose that both terminal regions (A and D) play important roles in RNA polymerase assembly, while the central portion (regions B and C) is involved in activated transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mitobe
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
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Mitobe J, Mitsuzawa H, Yasui K, Ishihama A. Isolation and characterization of temperature-sensitive mutations in the gene (rpb3) for subunit 3 of RNA polymerase II in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol Gen Genet 1999; 262:73-84. [PMID: 10503538 DOI: 10.1007/s004380051061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Subunit 3 (Rpb3) of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II is a homologue of the alpha subunit of prokaryotic RNA polymerase, which plays a key role in subunit assembly of this complex enzyme by providing the contact surfaces for both beta and beta' subunits. Previously we demonstrated that the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rpb3 protein forms a core subassembly together with Rpb2 (the beta homologue) and Rpb11 (the second alpha homologue) subunits, as in the case of the prokaryotic alpha2beta complex. In order to obtain further insight into the physiological role(s) of Rpb3, we subjected the S. pombe rpb3 gene to mutagenesis. A total of nine temperature-sensitive (Ts) and three cold-sensitive (Cs) S. pombe mutants have been isolated, each (with the exception of one double mutant) carrying a single mutation in the rpb3 gene in one of the four regions (A D) that are conserved between the homologues of eukaryotic subunit 3. The three Cs mutations were all located in region A, in agreement with the central role of the corresponding region in the assembly of prokaryotic RNA polymerase; the Ts mutations, in contrast, were found in all four regions. Growth of the Ts mutants was reduced to various extents at non-permissive temperatures. Since the metabolic stability of most Ts mutant Rpb3 proteins was markedly reduced at non-permissive temperature, we predict that these mutant Rpb3 proteins are defective in polymerase assembly or the mutant RNA polymerases containing mutant Rpb3 subunits are unstable. In accordance with this prediction, the Ts phenotype of all the mutants was suppressed to varying extents by overexpression of Rpb11, the pairing partner of Rpb3 in the core subassembly. We conclude that the majority of rpb3 mutations affect the assembly of Rpb3, even though their effects on subunit assembly vary depending on the location of the mutation considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mitobe
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
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