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Laurén I, Eltahir M, Mebrahtu A, Veerman R, Astorga J, Saleh A, Ytterberg J, Lindqvist A, Dahllund L, Olsson A, Andersson O, Rockberg J, Persson H, Mangsbo S. Abstract 2890: The development of an Adaptable Drug Affinity Conjugate (ADAC) targeting CD40 for a flexible therapeutic peptide cargo delivery to dendritic cells. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
CD40 agonistic antibodies targeting antigen-presenting cells rely on simultaneous antigen presentation for optimal efficacy, as the co-stimulatory signal alone will not lead to T cell activation. Herein we have developed a novel Adaptable Drug Affinity Conjugate (ADAC), a refinement of a traditional Antibody Drug Conjugate (ADC) with a focus on tailored drug design. The cargo for ADAC is synthetic long peptides that can be modified with the profiled genetic data for each patient. The ADAC technology relies on a high-affinity interaction between a short non-immunogenic peptide-tag (pTag) and a single-chain fragment (scFv) and the targeting of CD40 expressing antigen-presenting cells. As a proof-of-concept study, we have generated data supporting a ~20 times improved half-life of peptide therapeutics bound up by the ADAC technology (in vitro), translating to improved peptide half-life in vivo along with a superior expansion of T cells in vitro and in vivo, compared to peptide and antibody mixed but not interacting physically. Through phage-display selection screening of novel CD40 agonistic antibodies, we identified a unique clone (STRIKE-1001). STRIKE-1001 binds a defined structural epitope (HDX-MS) of CD40 in a low nM range and is agonistic in an IgG2 format. Similar to selicrelumab, STRIKE-1001 does not block CD40L binding to Fc-CD40. STRIKE-1001 shows a dose-dependent agonistic activity (EC50 of ~28 nM based on measured induction of HLA-DR expression) on human DCs and can be designed into a bispecific antibody without loss of agonistic activity. STRIKE-1001 is currently incorporated into the ADAC platform to be used as the first-in-class candidate for flexible peptide cargo delivery ensuring T cell priming and expansion in vivo as a means to transform CD40 agonistic antibody to clinically relevant drug candidates.
Citation Format: Ida Laurén, Mohamed Eltahir, Aman Mebrahtu, Rosanne Veerman, Juan Astorga, Aljona Saleh, Jimmy Ytterberg, Annika Lindqvist, Leif Dahllund, Anders Olsson, Oskar Andersson, Johan Rockberg, Helena Persson, Sara Mangsbo. The development of an Adaptable Drug Affinity Conjugate (ADAC) targeting CD40 for a flexible therapeutic peptide cargo delivery to dendritic cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2890.
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Gallud A, Delaval M, Kinaret P, Marwah VS, Fortino V, Ytterberg J, Zubarev R, Skoog T, Kere J, Correia M, Loeschner K, Al‐Ahmady Z, Kostarelos K, Ruiz J, Astruc D, Monopoli M, Handy R, Moya S, Savolainen K, Alenius H, Greco D, Fadeel B. Multiparametric Profiling of Engineered Nanomaterials: Unmasking the Surface Coating Effect. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2020; 7:2002221. [PMID: 33240770 PMCID: PMC7675037 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts, the properties that drive the cytotoxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors inverstigate a panel of 31 ENMs with different core chemistries and a variety of surface modifications using conventional in vitro assays coupled with omics-based approaches. Cytotoxicity screening and multiplex-based cytokine profiling reveals a good concordance between primary human monocyte-derived macrophages and the human monocyte-like cell line THP-1. Proteomics analysis following a low-dose exposure of cells suggests a nonspecific stress response to ENMs, while microarray-based profiling reveals significant changes in gene expression as a function of both surface modification and core chemistry. Pathway analysis highlights that the ENMs with cationic surfaces that are shown to elicit cytotoxicity downregulated DNA replication and cell cycle responses, while inflammatory responses are upregulated. These findings are validated using cell-based assays. Notably, certain small, PEGylated ENMs are found to be noncytotoxic yet they induce transcriptional responses reminiscent of viruses. In sum, using a multiparametric approach, it is shown that surface chemistry is a key determinant of cellular responses to ENMs. The data also reveal that cytotoxicity, determined by conventional in vitro assays, does not necessarily correlate with transcriptional effects of ENMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Gallud
- Institute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
| | - Mathilde Delaval
- Institute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
| | - Pia Kinaret
- Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33720Finland
- Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
| | - Veer Singh Marwah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33720Finland
- Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
| | - Vittorio Fortino
- Institute of BiomedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland
| | - Jimmy Ytterberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
| | - Roman Zubarev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
| | - Tiina Skoog
- Department of Biosciences & NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddinge141 83Sweden
| | - Juha Kere
- Department of Biosciences & NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddinge141 83Sweden
| | - Manuel Correia
- National Food InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby2800Denmark
| | - Katrin Loeschner
- National Food InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby2800Denmark
| | - Zahraa Al‐Ahmady
- Faculty of BiologyMedicine & HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM20 4GJUK
- School of Science & TechnologyNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamNG1 8NSUK
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Faculty of BiologyMedicine & HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM20 4GJUK
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)Barcelona08193Spain
| | - Jaime Ruiz
- ISMUMR CNRS No. 5255University of BordeauxTalence33 405France
| | - Didier Astruc
- ISMUMR CNRS No. 5255University of BordeauxTalence33 405France
| | - Marco Monopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal ChemistryRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI)Dublin2Ireland
| | - Richard Handy
- School of Biological & Marine SciencesUniversity of PlymouthPlymouthPL4 8AAUK
| | - Sergio Moya
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology LaboratoryCIC biomaGUNEDonostia‐San Sebastián20014Spain
| | - Kai Savolainen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational HealthHelsinki00032Finland
| | - Harri Alenius
- Institute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
- Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
| | - Dario Greco
- Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33720Finland
- Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Institute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
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Jenning M, Marklein B, Ytterberg J, Zubarev RA, Joshua V, van Schaardenburg D, van de Stadt L, Catrina AI, Nonhoff U, Häupl T, Konthur Z, Burmester GR, Skriner K. Bacterial citrullinated epitopes generated by Porphyromonas gingivalis infection-a missing link for ACPA production. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 79:1194-1202. [PMID: 32532752 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) is discussed to be involved in triggering self-reactive immune responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the autocitrullinated prokaryotic peptidylarginine deiminase (PPAD) from P.g. CH2007 (RACH2007-PPAD) from a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patient and a synthetic citrullinated PPAD peptide (CPP) containing the main autocitrullination site as potential targets for antibody reactivity in RA and to analyse the possibility of citrullinating native human proteins by PPAD in the context of RA. METHODS Recombinant RACH2007-PPAD was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Purified RACH2007-PPAD and its enzymatic activity was analysed using two-dimensional electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, immunoblot and ELISA. Autoantibody response to different modified proteins and peptides was recorded and bioinformatically evaluated. RESULTS RACH2007-PPAD was capable to citrullinate major RA autoantigens, such as fibrinogen, vimentin, hnRNP-A2/B1, histone H1 and multiple peptides, which identify a common RG/RGG consensus motif. 33% of RA patients (n=30) revealed increased reactivity for α-cit-RACH2007-PPAD before RA onset. 77% of RA patients (n=99) presented α-cit-specific signals to CPP amino acids 57-71 which were positively correlated to α-CCP2 antibody levels. Interestingly, 48% of the α-CPP-positives were rheumatoidfactor IgM/anti-citrullinated peptide/protein antibodies (ACPA)-negative. Anti-CPP and α-RACH2007-PPAD antibody levels increase with age. Protein macroarrays that were citrullinated by RACH2007-PPAD and screened with RA patient sera (n=6) and controls (n=4) uncovered 16 RACH2007-PPAD citrullinated RA autoantigens and 9 autoantigens associated with lung diseases. We showed that the α-CPP response could be an important determinant in parenchymal changes in the lung at the time of RA diagnosis (n=106; p=0.018). CONCLUSIONS RACH2007-PPAD induced internal citrullination of major RA autoantigens. Anti-RACH2007-PPAD correlates with ACPA levels and interstitial lung disease autoantigen reactivity, supporting an infection-based concept for induction of ACPAs via enzymatic mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Jenning
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bianka Marklein
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jimmy Ytterberg
- Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roman A Zubarev
- Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Chemistry I Division, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vijay Joshua
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Häupl
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zoltán Konthur
- Engine GmbH, Hennigsdorf, Germany
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd R Burmester
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl Skriner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Jenning M, Marklein B, Ytterberg J, Burmester GR, Skriner K. 07.15 New mutated peptidylarginine deiminase from porphyromonas gingivalis a target in early ra citrullinates major ra-autoantigens. Genes Environ 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-211054.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Krishnamurthy A, Sun M, Rethi B, Joshua V, Tarasova N, Wähämaa H, Amara K, Malmström V, Ytterberg J, Catrina A. THU0020 Immature Dendritic Cell Are Potent Osteoclasts Precursors in RA and Are Targeted by RA-Specific Antibodies. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Krishnamurthy A, Sun M, Rethi B, Joshua V, Wähämaa H, Tarasova N, Amara K, Malmström V, Ytterberg J, Catrina AI. A2.29 Immature dendritic cells are potent osteoclasts precursors in ra and are targeted by ra-specific antibodies. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209124.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Krishnamurthy A, Joshua V, Wähämaa H, Tarasova N, Cerqueira CF, Vivar N, Engström M, Amara K, Malmström V, Klareskog L, Ytterberg J, Catrina AI. A4.17 Anti-citrullinated proteins antibodies promotes osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207259.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Joshua V, Reynisdottir G, Ytterberg J, Engström M, Eklund A, Skold M, Jakobsson PJ, Rönnelid J, Malmström V, Klareskog L, Grunewald J, Catrina AI. A1.1 Characterisation of lung inflammation and identification of shared citrullinated targets in the lungs and joints of early rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205124.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Reynisdotirr G, Karimi R, Joshua V, Haj Hensvold A, Ossipova E, Ytterberg J, Nyren S, Harju A, Grunewald J, Lundberg K, Eklund A, Jakobson PJ, Zubarev R, Klareskog L, Sköld M, Catrina A. FRI0101 Lung changes are present in ACPA positive RA already at disease onset. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ossipova E, Oliynyk G, Cerqueira C, Becker S, Ytterberg J, Auer G, Klareskog L, Jakobsson PJ. AB0021 Identification of novel acpa targets in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissues using 2d gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.2344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Fleischmann R, van Vollenhoven RF, Smolen J, Emery P, Florentinus S, Rathmann S, Kupper H, Kavanaugh A, Taylor P, Genovese M, Keystone EC, Drescher E, Berclaz PY, Lee C, Fidelus-Gort R, Schlichting D, Beattie S, Luchi M, Macias W, Kavanaugh A, Emery P, van Vollenhoven RF, Dikranian AH, Alten R, Klearman M, Musselman D, Agarwal S, Green J, Gabay C, Weinblatt ME, Schiff MH, Fleischmann R, Valente R, van der Heijde D, Citera G, Zhao C, Maldonado MA, Rakieh C, Nam JL, Hunt L, Villeneuve E, Bissell LA, Das S, Conaghan P, McGonagle D, Wakefield RJ, Emery P, Wright HL, Thomas HB, Moots R, Edwards SW, Hamann P, Heward J, McHugh N, Lindsay MA, Haroon M, Giles JT, Winchester R, FitzGerald O, Karaderi T, Cohen CJ, Keidel S, Appleton LH, Macfarlane GJ, Siebert S, Evans D, Paul Wordsworth B, Plant D, Bowes J, Orozco G, Morgan AW, Wilson AG, Isaacs J, Barton A, Williams FM, Livshits G, Spector T, MacGregor A, Williams FM, Scollen S, Cao D, Memari Y, Hyde CL, Zhang B, Sidders B, Ziemek D, Shi Y, Harris J, Harrow I, Dougherty B, Malarstig A, McEwen R, Stephens JL, Patel K, Shin SY, Surdulescu G, He W, Jin X, McMahon SB, Soranzo N, John S, Wang J, Spector TD, Baker J, Litherland GJ, Rowan AD, Kite KA, Bayley R, Yang P, Smith JP, Williams J, Harper L, Kitas GD, Buckley C, Young SP, Fitzpatrick MA, Young SP, McGettrick HM, Filer A, Raza K, Nash G, Buckley C, Muthana M, Davies H, Khetan S, Adeleke G, Hawtree S, Tazzyman S, Morrow F, Ciani B, Wilson G, Quirke AM, Lugli E, Wegner N, Charles P, Hamilton B, Chowdhury M, Ytterberg J, Potempa J, Fisher B, Thiele G, Mikuls T, Venables P, Adebajo AO, Kavanaugh A, Mease P, Gomez-Reino JJ, Wollenhaupt J, Hu C, Stevens R, Sieper J, van der Heijde D, Dougados M, Van den Bosch F, Goupille P, Rathmann SS, Pangan AL, van der Heijde D, Sieper J, Maksymowych WP, Brown MA, Rathmann S, Pangan AL, Sieper J, van der Heijde D, Elewaut D, Pangan AL, Anderson J, Haroon M, Ramasamy P, O'Rourke M, Murphy C, Fitzgerald O, Jani M, Moore S, Mirjafari H, Macphie E, Chinoy H, Rao C, McLoughlin Y, Preeti S. Oral Abstracts 7: RA Clinical * O37. Long-Term Outcomes of Early RA Patients Initiated with Adalimumab Plus Methotrexate Compared with Methotrexate Alone Following a Targeted Treatment Approach. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ossipova E, Oliynyk G, Cerqueira C, Becker S, Ytterberg J, Auer G, Klareskog L, Jakobsson PJ. A10.14 Identification of Novel ACPA Targets in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Tissues Using 2D Gel Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203224.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Bäcklund J, Li C, Jansson E, Carlsen S, Merky P, Nandakumar KS, Haag S, Ytterberg J, Zubarev RA, Holmdahl R. C57BL/6 mice need MHC class II Aq to develop collagen-induced arthritis dependent on autoreactive T cells. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 72:1225-32. [PMID: 23041839 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) has traditionally been performed in MHC class II A(q)-expressing mice, whereas most genetically modified mice are on the C57BL/6 background (expressing the b haplotype of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region). However, C57BL/6 mice develop arthritis after immunisation with chicken-derived collagen type II (CII), but arthritis susceptibility has been variable, and the immune specificity has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE To establish a CIA model on the C57BL/6 background with a more predictable and defined immune response to CII. RESULTS Both chicken and rat CII were arthritogenic in C57BL/6 mice provided they were introduced with high doses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis adjuvant. However, contaminating pepsin was strongly immunogenic and was essential for arthritis development. H-2(b)-restricted T cell epitopes on chicken or rat CII could not be identified, but expression of A(q) on the C57BL/6 background induced T cell response to the CII260-270 epitope, and also prolonged the arthritis to be more chronic. CONCLUSIONS The putative (auto)antigen and its arthritogenic determinants in C57BL/6 mice remains undisclosed, questioning the value of the model for addressing T cell-driven pathological pathways in arthritis. To circumvent this impediment, we recommend MHC class II congenic C57BL/6N.Q mice, expressing A(q), with which T cell determinants have been thoroughly characterised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Bäcklund
- Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Lugli E, Quirke AM, Ytterberg J, Wegner N, Hamilton B, Charles P, Chowdhury M, Thiele G, Mikuls T, Fisher BA, Venables PJ. Autodeimination ofPorphyromonas gingivalispeptidylarginine deiminase: a novel antigen in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201232.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Denny P, Hagen FK, Hardt M, Liao L, Yan W, Arellanno M, Bassilian S, Bedi GS, Boontheung P, Cociorva D, Delahunty CM, Denny T, Dunsmore J, Faull KF, Gilligan J, Gonzalez-Begne M, Halgand F, Hall SC, Han X, Henson B, Hewel J, Hu S, Jeffrey S, Jiang J, Loo JA, Ogorzalek Loo RR, Malamud D, Melvin JE, Miroshnychenko O, Navazesh M, Niles R, Park SK, Prakobphol A, Ramachandran P, Richert M, Robinson S, Sondej M, Souda P, Sullivan MA, Takashima J, Than S, Wang J, Whitelegge JP, Witkowska HE, Wolinsky L, Xie Y, Xu T, Yu W, Ytterberg J, Wong DT, Yates JR, Fisher SJ. The proteomes of human parotid and submandibular/sublingual gland salivas collected as the ductal secretions. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:1994-2006. [PMID: 18361515 DOI: 10.1021/pr700764j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Saliva is a body fluid with important functions in oral and general health. A consortium of three research groups catalogued the proteins in human saliva collected as the ductal secretions: 1166 identifications--914 in parotid and 917 in submandibular/sublingual saliva--were made. The results showed that a high proportion of proteins that are found in plasma and/or tears are also present in saliva along with unique components. The proteins identified are involved in numerous molecular processes ranging from structural functions to enzymatic/catalytic activities. As expected, the majority mapped to the extracellular and secretory compartments. An immunoblot approach was used to validate the presence in saliva of a subset of the proteins identified by mass spectrometric approaches. These experiments focused on novel constituents and proteins for which the peptide evidence was relatively weak. Ultimately, information derived from the work reported here and related published studies can be used to translate blood-based clinical laboratory tests into a format that utilizes saliva. Additionally, a catalogue of the salivary proteome of healthy individuals allows future analyses of salivary samples from individuals with oral and systemic diseases, with the goal of identifying biomarkers with diagnostic and/or prognostic value for these conditions; another possibility is the discovery of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Denny
- School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
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Peltier JB, Ripoll DR, Friso G, Rudella A, Cai Y, Ytterberg J, Giacomelli L, Pillardy J, van Wijk KJ. Clp Protease Complexes from Photosynthetic and Non-photosynthetic Plastids and Mitochondria of Plants, Their Predicted Three-dimensional Structures, and Functional Implications. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:4768-81. [PMID: 14593120 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m309212200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetradecameric Clp protease core complexes in non-photosynthetic plastids of roots, flower petals, and in chloroplasts of leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana were purified based on native mass and isoelectric point and identified by mass spectrometry. The stoichiometry between the subunits was determined. The protease complex consisted of one to three copies of five different serine-type protease Clp proteins (ClpP1,3-6) and four non-proteolytic ClpR proteins (ClpR1-4). Three-dimensional homology modeling showed that the ClpP/R proteins fit well together in a tetradecameric complex and also indicated unique contributions for each protein. Lateral exit gates for proteolysis products are proposed. In addition, ClpS1,2, unique to land plants, tightly interacted with this core complex, with one copy of each per complex. The three-dimensional modeling show that they do fit well on the axial sites of the ClpPR cores. In contrast to plastids, plant mitochondria contained a single approximately 320-kDa homo-tetradecameric ClpP2 complex, without association of ClpR or ClpS proteins. It is surprising that the Clp core composition appears identical in all three plastid types, despite the remarkable differences in plastid proteome composition. This suggests that regulation of plastid proteolysis by the Clp machinery is not through differential regulation of ClpP/R/S gene expression, but rather through substrate recognition mechanisms and regulated interaction of chaperone-like molecules (ClpS1,2 and others) to the ClpP/R core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Benoît Peltier
- Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
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Tregoning JS, Nixon P, Kuroda H, Svab Z, Clare S, Bowe F, Fairweather N, Ytterberg J, van Wijk KJ, Dougan G, Maliga P. Expression of tetanus toxin Fragment C in tobacco chloroplasts. Nucleic Acids Res 2003; 31:1174-9. [PMID: 12582236 PMCID: PMC150239 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkg221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2002] [Revised: 12/05/2002] [Accepted: 12/13/2002] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragment C (TetC) is a non-toxic 47 kDa polypeptide fragment of tetanus toxin that can be used as a subunit vaccine against tetanus. Expression of TetC in Escherichia coli and yeast was dependent on the availability of synthetic genes that were required to improve translation efficiency and stabilize the mRNA. To explore the feasibility of producing TetC in tobacco leaves, we attempted expression of both the bacterial high-AT (72.3% AT) and the synthetic higher-GC genes (52.5% AT) in tobacco chloroplasts. We report here that the bacterial high-AT mRNA is stable in tobacco chloroplasts. Significant TetC accumulation was obtained from both genes, 25 and 10% of total soluble cellular protein, respectively, proving the versatility of plastids for expression of unmodified high-AT and high-GC genes. Mucosal immunization of mice with the plastid- produced TetC induced protective levels of TetC antibodies. Thus, expression of TetC in chloroplasts provides a potential route towards the development of a safe, plant-based tetanus vaccine for nasal and oral applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Tregoning
- Waksman Institute, Rutgers University, 190 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020, USA
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Stahl A, Moberg P, Ytterberg J, Panfilov O, Brockenhuus Von Lowenhielm H, Nilsson F, Glaser E. Isolation and identification of a novel mitochondrial metalloprotease (PreP) that degrades targeting presequences in plants. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:41931-9. [PMID: 12138166 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m205500200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the nuclear encoded mitochondrial precursor proteins contain an N-terminal extension called the presequence that carries targeting information and that is cleaved off after import into mitochondria. The presequences are amphiphilic, positively charged, membrane-interacting peptides with a propensity to form alpha-helices. Here we have investigated the proteolysis of the presequences that have been cleaved off inside mitochondria. A presequence derived from the overexpressed F(1)beta subunit of the ATP synthase and specific synthetic fluorescent peptides (Pep Tag Protease assay) have been shown to undergo rapid degradation catalyzed by a matrix located protease. We have developed a three-step chromatographic procedure including affinity and anion exchange chromatography for isolation of the protease from potato tuber mitochondria. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of the isolated proteolytically active fraction followed by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and data base searches allowed identification of the presequence peptide-degrading protease in Arabidopsis thaliana data base as a novel mitochondrial metalloendoprotease with a molecular mass of 105 kDa. The identified metalloprotease contains an inverted zinc-binding motif and belongs to the pitrilysin family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie Stahl
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
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Peltier JB, Emanuelsson O, Kalume DE, Ytterberg J, Friso G, Rudella A, Liberles DA, Söderberg L, Roepstorff P, von Heijne G, van Wijk KJ. Central functions of the lumenal and peripheral thylakoid proteome of Arabidopsis determined by experimentation and genome-wide prediction. Plant Cell 2002; 14:211-36. [PMID: 11826309 PMCID: PMC150561 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.010304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2001] [Accepted: 10/12/2001] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Experimental proteome analysis was combined with a genome-wide prediction screen to characterize the protein content of the thylakoid lumen of Arabidopsis chloroplasts. Soluble thylakoid proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry. The identities of 81 proteins were established, and N termini were sequenced to validate localization prediction. Gene annotation of the identified proteins was corrected by experimental data, and an interesting case of alternative splicing was discovered. Expression of a surprising number of paralogs was detected. Expression of five isomerases of different classes suggests strong (un)folding activity in the thylakoid lumen. These isomerases possibly are connected to a network of peripheral and lumenal proteins involved in antioxidative response, including peroxiredoxins, m-type thioredoxins, and a lumenal ascorbate peroxidase. Characteristics of the experimentally identified lumenal proteins and their orthologs were used for a genome-wide prediction of the lumenal proteome. Lumenal proteins with a typical twin-arginine translocation motif were predicted with good accuracy and sensitivity and included additional isomerases and proteases. Thus, prime functions of the lumenal proteome include assistance in the folding and proteolysis of thylakoid proteins as well as protection against oxidative stress. Many of the predicted lumenal proteins must be present at concentrations at least 10,000-fold lower than proteins of the photosynthetic apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Benoît Peltier
- Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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Peltier JB, Ytterberg J, Liberles DA, Roepstorff P, van Wijk KJ. Identification of a 350-kDa ClpP protease complex with 10 different Clp isoforms in chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:16318-27. [PMID: 11278690 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m010503200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 350-kDa ClpP protease complex with 10 different subunits was identified in chloroplast of Arabidopsis thaliana, using Blue-Native gel electrophoresis, followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight and nano-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. The complex was copurified with the thylakoid membranes, and all identified Clp subunits show chloroplast targeting signals, supporting that this complex is indeed localized in the chloroplast. The complex contains chloroplast-encoded pClpP and six nuclear-encoded proteins nCpP1-6, as well as two unassigned Clp homologues (nClpP7, nClpP8). An additional Clp protein was identified in this complex; it does not belong to any of the known Clp genes families and is here assigned ClpS1. Expression and accumulation of several of these Clp proteins have never been shown earlier. Sequence and phylogenetic tree analysis suggests that nClpP5, nClpP2, and nClpP8 are not catalytically active and form a new group of Clp higher plant proteins, orthologous to the cyanobacterial ClpR protein, and are renamed ClpR1, -2, and -3, respectively. We speculate that ClpR1, -2, and -3 are part of the heptameric rings, whereas ClpS1 is a regulatory subunit positioned at the axial opening of the ClpP/R core. Several truncations and errors in intron and exon prediction of the annotated Clp genes were corrected using mass spectrometry data and by matching genomic sequences with cDNA sequences. This strategy will be widely applicable for the much needed verification of protein prediction from genomic sequence. The extreme complexity of the chloroplast Clp complex is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Peltier
- Department of Biochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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