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Harley J, Santosa MM, Ng CY, Grinchuk OV, Hor JH, Liang Y, Lim VJ, Tee WW, Ong DST, Ng SY. Telomere shortening induces aging-associated phenotypes in hiPSC-derived neurons and astrocytes. Biogerontology 2024; 25:341-360. [PMID: 37987889 PMCID: PMC10998800 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Telomere shortening is a well-established hallmark of cellular aging. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) plays a crucial role in maintaining the length of telomeres, which are specialised protective caps at the end of chromosomes. The lack of in vitro aging models, particularly for the central nervous system (CNS), has impeded progress in understanding aging and age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the possibility of inducing aging-associated features in cell types of the CNS using hiPSC (human induced pluripotent stem cell) technology. To achieve this, we utilised CRISPR/Cas9 to generate hiPSCs with a loss of telomerase function and shortened telomeres. Through directed differentiation, we generated motor neurons and astrocytes to investigate whether telomere shortening could lead to age-associated phenotypes. Our findings revealed that shortened telomeres induced age-associated characteristics in both motor neurons and astrocytes including increased cellular senescence, heightened inflammation, and elevated DNA damage. We also observed cell-type specific age-related morphology changes. Additionally, our study highlighted the fundamental role of TERT and telomere shortening in neural progenitor cell (NPC) proliferation and neuronal differentiation. This study serves as a proof of concept that telomere shortening can effectively induce aging-associated phenotypes, thereby providing a valuable tool to investigate age-related decline and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Harley
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Munirah Mohamad Santosa
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Chong Yi Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Oleg V Grinchuk
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Jin-Hui Hor
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Yajing Liang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Valerie Jingwen Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Wee Wei Tee
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Derrick Sek Tong Ong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.
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2
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Ho WY, Chak LL, Hor JH, Liu F, Diaz-Garcia S, Chang JC, Sanford E, Rodriguez MJ, Alagappan D, Lim SM, Cho YL, Shimizu Y, Sun AX, Tyan SH, Koo E, Kim SH, Ravits J, Ng SY, Okamura K, Ling SC. FUS-dependent microRNA deregulations identify TRIB2 as a druggable target for ALS motor neurons. iScience 2023; 26:108152. [PMID: 37920668 PMCID: PMC10618709 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate mRNA expression, and their deregulation contributes to various diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). As fused in sarcoma (FUS) is a causal gene for ALS and regulates biogenesis of miRNAs, we systematically analyzed the miRNA repertoires in spinal cords and hippocampi from ALS-FUS mice to understand how FUS-dependent miRNA deregulation contributes to ALS. miRNA profiling identified differentially expressed miRNAs between different central nervous system (CNS) regions as well as disease states. Among the up-regulated miRNAs, miR-1197 targets the pro-survival pseudokinase Trib2. A reduced TRIB2 expression was observed in iPSC-derived motor neurons from ALS patients. Pharmacological stabilization of TRIB2 protein with a clinically approved cancer drug rescues the survival of iPSC-derived human motor neurons, including those from a sporadic ALS patient. Collectively, our data indicate that miRNA profiling can be used to probe the molecular mechanisms underlying selective vulnerability, and TRIB2 is a potential therapeutic target for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Yun Ho
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
- Programs in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Li-Ling Chak
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
- Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Jin-Hui Hor
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, A∗STAR Research Entities, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Fujia Liu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Sandra Diaz-Garcia
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jer-Cherng Chang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Emma Sanford
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Maria J. Rodriguez
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Durgadevi Alagappan
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Su Min Lim
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yik-Lam Cho
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Yuji Shimizu
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Alfred Xuyang Sun
- Programs in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Sheue-Houy Tyan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Edward Koo
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, A∗STAR Research Entities, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Katsutomo Okamura
- Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Shuo-Chien Ling
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
- Programs in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
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3
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Li J, Kumar S, Miachin K, Bean NL, Halawi O, Lee S, Park J, Pierre TH, Hor JH, Ng SY, Wallace KJ, Rindtorff N, Miller TM, Niehoff ML, Farr SA, Kletzien RF, Colca J, Tanis SP, Chen Y, Griffett K, McCommis KS, Finck BN, Peterson TR. A DUAL MTOR/NAD+ ACTING GEROTHERAPY. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.16.523975. [PMID: 36711589 PMCID: PMC9882180 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.16.523975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The geroscience hypothesis states that a therapy that prevents the underlying aging process should prevent multiple aging related diseases. The mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin)/insulin and NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) pathways are two of the most validated aging pathways. Yet, it's largely unclear how they might talk to each other in aging. In genome-wide CRISPRa screening with a novel class of N-O-Methyl-propanamide-containing compounds we named BIOIO-1001, we identified lipid metabolism centering on SIRT3 as a point of intersection of the mTOR/insulin and NAD+ pathways. In vivo testing indicated that BIOIO-1001 reduced high fat, high sugar diet-induced metabolic derangements, inflammation, and fibrosis, each being characteristic of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). An unbiased screen of patient datasets suggested a potential link between the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of BIOIO-1001 in NASH models to those in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Directed experiments subsequently determined that BIOIO-1001 was protective in both sporadic and familial ALS models. Both NASH and ALS have no treatments and suffer from a lack of convenient biomarkers to monitor therapeutic efficacy. A potential strength in considering BIOIO-1001 as a therapy is that the blood biomarker that it modulates, namely plasma triglycerides, can be conveniently used to screen patients for responders. More conceptually, to our knowledge BIOIO-1001 is a first therapy that fits the geroscience hypothesis by acting on multiple core aging pathways and that can alleviate multiple conditions after they have set in.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Li
- Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Institute for Public Health, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- BIOIO, 4340 Duncan Ave. Suite 236, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Healthspan Technologies, 4340 Duncan Ave. Suite 265, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Institute for Public Health, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kirill Miachin
- Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Institute for Public Health, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- BIOIO, 4340 Duncan Ave. Suite 236, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nicholas L. Bean
- Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Institute for Public Health, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- BIOIO, 4340 Duncan Ave. Suite 236, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ornella Halawi
- BIOIO, 4340 Duncan Ave. Suite 236, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Scott Lee
- BIOIO, 4340 Duncan Ave. Suite 236, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - JiWoong Park
- Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Institute for Public Health, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tanya H. Pierre
- Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Institute for Public Health, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jin-Hui Hor
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (Cell Biology and Therapies Division), A*STAR Research Entities. 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673, Singapore
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (Cell Biology and Therapies Division), A*STAR Research Entities. 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673, Singapore
| | | | - Niklas Rindtorff
- LabDAO, c/o MJP PARTNERS, Bahnhofstrasse 20, 6300 Zug, Switzerland
| | - Timothy M. Miller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael L. Niehoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Research and Development, VA Medical Center-St. Louis, 915 N. Grand Blvd. St. Louis, MO 63106, USA
| | - Susan A. Farr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Research and Development, VA Medical Center-St. Louis, 915 N. Grand Blvd. St. Louis, MO 63106, USA
| | - Rolf F. Kletzien
- Metabolic Solutions Development Company. 161 E Michigan Ave., 4th Floor Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Jerry Colca
- Metabolic Solutions Development Company. 161 E Michigan Ave., 4th Floor Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Steven P. Tanis
- Metabolic Solutions Development Company. 161 E Michigan Ave., 4th Floor Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Yana Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics & Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, MSC 8031-0014-01, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kristine Griffett
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1130 Wire Road, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Kyle S. McCommis
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1100 S. Grand Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Brian N. Finck
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics & Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, MSC 8031-0014-01, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tim R. Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Institute for Public Health, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- BIOIO, 4340 Duncan Ave. Suite 236, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Healthspan Technologies, 4340 Duncan Ave. Suite 265, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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4
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Chooi WH, Ng CY, Ow V, Harley J, Ng W, Hor JH, Low KE, Malleret B, Xue K, Ng SY. Defined Alginate Hydrogels Support Spinal Cord Organoid Derivation, Maturation, and Modeling of Spinal Cord Diseases. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 12:e2202342. [PMID: 36502337 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the process of generating organoids, basement membrane extracts or Matrigel are often used to encapsulate cells but they are poorly defined and contribute to reproducibility issues. While defined hydrogels are increasingly used for organoid culture, the effects of replacing Matrigel with a defined hydrogel on neural progenitor growth, neural differentiation, and maturation within organoids are not well-explored. In this study, the use of alginate hydrogels as a Matrigel substitute in spinal cord organoid generation is explored. It is found that alginate encapsulation reduces organoid size variability by preventing organoid aggregation. Importantly, alginate supports neurogenesis and gliogenesis of the spinal cord organoids at a similar efficiency to Matrigel, with mature myelinated neurons observed by day 120. Furthermore, using alginate leads to lower expression of non-spinal markers such as FOXA2, suggesting better control over neural fate specification. To demonstrate the feasibility of using alginate-based organoid cultures as disease models, an isogenic pair of induced pluripotent stem cells discordant for the ALS-causing mutation TDP43G298S is used, where increased TDP43 mislocalization in the mutant organoids is observed. This study shows that alginate is an ideal substitute for Matrigel for spinal cord organoid derivation, especially when a xeno-free and fully defined 3D culture condition is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Hon Chooi
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Chong Yi Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Valerie Ow
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Jasmine Harley
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Winanto Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Jin-Hui Hor
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Kay En Low
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Benoit Malleret
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117597, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Immunology Translational Research Program, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138648, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Kun Xue
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
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5
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Ho BX, Yu H, Pang JKS, Hor JH, Liew LC, Szyniarowski P, Lim CYY, An O, Yang HH, Stewart CL, Chan WK, Ng SY, Soh BS. Upregulation of the JAK-STAT pathway promotes maturation of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:2928-2941. [PMID: 34767749 PMCID: PMC8693666 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The immature characteristics and metabolic phenotypes of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) restrict their applications for disease modeling, drug discovery, and cell-based therapy. Leveraging on the metabolic shifts from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation as CMs mature, a human hexokinase1-GFP metabolic reporter cell line (H7 HK1-GFP) was generated to facilitate the isolation of fetal or more matured hPSC-CMs. RNA sequencing of fetal versus more matured CMs uncovered a potential role of interferon-signaling pathway in regulating CM maturation. Indeed, IFN-γ-treated CMs resulted in an upregulation of the JAK-STAT pathway, which was found to be associated with increased expression of CM maturation genes, shift from MYH6 to MYH7 expression, and improved sarcomeric structure. Functionally, IFN-γ-treated CMs exhibited a more matured electrophysiological profile, such as increased calcium dynamics and action potential upstroke velocity, demonstrated through calcium imaging and MEA. Expectedly, the functional improvements were nullified with a JAK-STAT inhibitor, ruxolitinib. RNA-seq revealed upregulation of IFN-signaling pathways during CM maturation IFN-γ-treated PSC-derived fetal CMs display increased MYH7:MYH6 ratio IFN-γ-treated PSC-derived fetal CMs exhibited improved electrophysiological profile
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Xuan Ho
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A(∗)STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hongbing Yu
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A(∗)STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Jeremy Kah Sheng Pang
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A(∗)STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Jin-Hui Hor
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, A(∗)STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Lee Chuen Liew
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A(∗)STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Piotr Szyniarowski
- A∗STAR Skin Research Labs, 8A Biomedical Grove #06-40, Immunos, Singapore 138648
| | - Christina Ying Yan Lim
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A(∗)STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Omer An
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Henry He Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Colin L Stewart
- A∗STAR Skin Research Labs, 8A Biomedical Grove #06-40, Immunos, Singapore 138648
| | - Woon Khiong Chan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, A(∗)STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Dr, Singapore 117593, Singapore; National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A(∗)STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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6
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Hor JH, Santosa MM, Lim VJW, Ho BX, Taylor A, Khong ZJ, Ravits J, Fan Y, Liou YC, Soh BS, Ng SY. ALS motor neurons exhibit hallmark metabolic defects that are rescued by SIRT3 activation. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:1379-1397. [PMID: 33184465 PMCID: PMC8027637 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor neurons (MNs) are highly energetic cells and recent studies suggest that altered energy metabolism precede MN loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), an age-onset neurodegenerative disease. However, clear mechanistic insights linking altered metabolism and MN death are still missing. In this study, induced pluripotent stem cells from healthy controls, familial ALS, and sporadic ALS patients were differentiated toward spinal MNs, cortical neurons, and cardiomyocytes. Metabolic flux analyses reveal an MN-specific deficiency in mitochondrial respiration in ALS. Intriguingly, all forms of familial and sporadic ALS MNs tested in our study exhibited similar defective metabolic profiles, which were attributed to hyper-acetylation of mitochondrial proteins. In the mitochondria, Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) functions as a mitochondrial deacetylase to maintain mitochondrial function and integrity. We found that activating SIRT3 using nicotinamide or a small molecule activator reversed the defective metabolic profiles in all our ALS MNs, as well as correct a constellation of ALS-associated phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Hor
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Munirah Mohamad Santosa
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Physiology), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Valerie Jing Wen Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Beatrice Xuan Ho
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Amy Taylor
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zi Jian Khong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yong Fan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Yih-Cherng Liou
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. .,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Physiology), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore. .,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China. .,National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
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7
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Pek NMQ, Phua QH, Ho BX, Pang JKS, Hor JH, An O, Yang HH, Yu Y, Fan Y, Ng SY, Soh BS. Mitochondrial 3243A > G mutation confers pro-atherogenic and pro-inflammatory properties in MELAS iPS derived endothelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:802. [PMID: 31641105 PMCID: PMC6805858 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is a mitochondrial disorder that is commonly caused by the m.3243A > G mutation in the MT-TL1 gene encoding for mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)). While clinical studies reported cerebral infarcts, atherosclerotic lesions, and altered vasculature and stroke-like episodes (SLE) in MELAS patients, it remains unclear how this mutation causes the onset and subsequent progression of the disease. Here, we report that in addition to endothelial dysfunction, diseased endothelial cells (ECs) were found to be pro-atherogenic and pro-inflammation due to high levels of ROS and Ox-LDLs, and high basal expressions of VCAM-1, in particular isoform b, respectively. Consistently, more monocytes were found to adhere to MELAS ECs as compared to the isogenic control, suggesting the presence of an atherosclerosis-like pathology in MELAS. Notably, these disease phenotypes in endothelial cells can be effectively reversed by anti-oxidant treatment suggesting that the lowering of ROS is critical for treating patients with MELAS syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Min Qian Pek
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Qian Hua Phua
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Beatrice Xuan Ho
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jeremy Kah Sheng Pang
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jin-Hui Hor
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.,Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Omer An
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Henry He Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Yang Yu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China. .,National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore. .,Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Dr, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. .,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
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8
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Affiliation(s)
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- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
| | - Zi-Jian Khong
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Jin-Hui Hor
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Physiology), National University of Singapore, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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