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Wang Y, Liu F, Wu J, Zhang MQ, Chai JL, Cao C. G protein inhibitory α subunit 2 is a molecular oncotarget of human glioma. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:865-879. [PMID: 36778118 PMCID: PMC9909998 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.79355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of novel therapeutic oncotargets for human glioma is extremely important. Here we tested expression, potential functions and underlying mechanisms of G protein inhibitory α subunit 2 (Gαi2) in glioma. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that Gαi2 expression is significantly elevated in human glioma, correlating with poor patients' survival, higher tumor grade and wild-type IDH status. Moreover, increased Gαi2 expression was also in local glioma tissues and different glioma cells. In primary and immortalized (A172) glioma cells, Gαi2 shRNA or knockout (KO, by Cas9-sgRNA) potently suppressed viability, proliferation, and mobility, and induced apoptosis. Ectopic Gαi2 overexpression, using a lentiviral construct, further augmented malignant behaviors in glioma cells. p65 phosphorylation, NFκB activity and expression of NFκB pathway genes were decreased in Gαi2-depleted primary glioma cells, but increased following Gαi2 overexpression. There was an increased binding between Gαi2 promoter and Sp1 (specificity protein 1) transcription factor in glioma tissues and different glioma cells. In primary glioma cells Gαi2 expression was significantly reduced following Sp1 silencing, KO or inhibition. In vivo studies revealed that Gαi2 shRNA-expressing AAV intratumoral injection hindered growth of subcutaneous glioma xenografts in nude mice. Moreover, Gαi2 KO inhibited intracranial glioma xenograft in nude mice. Gαi2 depletion, NFκB inhibition and apoptosis induction were observed in subcutaneous and intracranial glioma xenografts with Gαi2 depletion. Together, overexpressed Gαi2 is important for glioma cell growth possibly by promoting NFκB cascade activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Institute for Excellence in Clinical Medicine of Kunshan First People's Hospital and Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei-Qing Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Institute for Excellence in Clinical Medicine of Kunshan First People's Hospital and Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin-Long Chai
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Institute for Excellence in Clinical Medicine of Kunshan First People's Hospital and Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cong Cao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Institute for Excellence in Clinical Medicine of Kunshan First People's Hospital and Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Gao B, Jiao TY, Li YT, Chen H, Lin WP, An Z, Ru LH, Zhang ZC, Tang XD, Wang XY, Zhang NT, Fang X, Xie DH, Fan YH, Ma L, Zhang X, Bai F, Wang P, Fan YX, Liu G, Huang HX, Wu Q, Zhu YB, Chai JL, Li JQ, Sun LT, Wang S, Cai JW, Li YZ, Su J, Zhang H, Li ZH, Li YJ, Li ET, Chen C, Shen YP, Lian G, Guo B, Li XY, Zhang LY, He JJ, Sheng YD, Chen YJ, Wang LH, Zhang L, Cao FQ, Nan W, Nan WK, Li GX, Song N, Cui BQ, Chen LH, Ma RG, Zhang ZC, Yan SQ, Liao JH, Wang YB, Zeng S, Nan D, Fan QW, Qi NC, Sun WL, Guo XY, Zhang P, Chen YH, Zhou Y, Zhou JF, He JR, Shang CS, Li MC, Kubono S, Liu WP, deBoer RJ, Wiescher M, Pignatari M. Deep Underground Laboratory Measurement of ^{13}C(α,n)^{16}O in the Gamow Windows of the s and i Processes. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:132701. [PMID: 36206440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.132701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ^{13}C(α,n)^{16}O reaction is the main neutron source for the slow-neutron-capture process in asymptotic giant branch stars and for the intermediate process. Direct measurements at astrophysical energies in above-ground laboratories are hindered by the extremely small cross sections and vast cosmic-ray-induced background. We performed the first consistent direct measurement in the range of E_{c.m.}=0.24 to 1.9 MeV using the accelerators at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory and Sichuan University. Our measurement covers almost the entire intermediate process Gamow window in which the large uncertainty of the previous experiments has been reduced from 60% down to 15%, eliminates the large systematic uncertainty in the extrapolation arising from the inconsistency of existing datasets, and provides a more reliable reaction rate for the studies of the slow-neutron-capture and intermediate processes along with the first direct determination of the alpha strength for the near-threshold state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - R J deBoer
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Wiescher
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Wolfson Fellow of Royal Society, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - M Pignatari
- Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences (CSFK), Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
- CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, Budapest H-1121, Hungary
- E. A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
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He KJ, Zhao KS, Chai JL, Li GZ. Dielectric analysis of the APG/n-butanol/cyclohexane/water nonionic microemulsions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2007; 313:630-7. [PMID: 17540394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2007.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2006] [Revised: 04/25/2007] [Accepted: 04/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The nonionic APG/n-butanol/cyclohexane/water microemulsions with different microstructure, which is induced by the variation of water contents, are investigated by the dielectric spectroscopy. An appropriate dielectric theory, Hanai theory and the corresponding analytical method are applied to obtain the internal properties of the constituent phases of microemulsions, such as the relative permittivity and conductivity of continuous and dispersed phases and the volume fraction of dispersed phase. Using these parameters, the distribution of n-butanol in constituent phases, which is of important in the study field of the microstructure of microemulsion, is obtained quantitatively. It is found that the n-butanol molecules not only distribute in the interfacial APG layer but also in the continuous and dispersed phases. In addition, the percolation threshold is interpreted by using the dynamic percolation model. The structural and dynamic information are obtained, for instance, the critical volume fraction of water when percolation occurs and the characteristic time for the rearrangement of clusters. These parameters are intimately related to the properties of microemulsions, especially the characteristics of the interfacial layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J He
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Sica GT, Braver J, Cooney MJ, Miller FH, Chai JL, Adams DF. Comparison of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with MR cholangiopancreatography in patients with pancreatitis. Radiology 1999; 210:605-10. [PMID: 10207456 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.210.3.r99fe55605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the usefulness of magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the evaluation of disease in patients with acute or chronic pancreatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR imaging was performed at 1.5 T in 39 patients with chronic (n = 30) or acute (n = 9) pancreatitis. The patients underwent a pancreas MR imaging protocol that included an MRCP sequence. Comparison was made with findings at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), performed within 30 days. Three blinded readers used a scoring system to evaluate nine segments of the pancreatic and biliary ducts as depicted on the ERCP and MRCP images. MRCP image quality was also evaluated. RESULTS Of 196 segments analyzed, 17 were not seen at MRCP (sensitivity, 91%). Of the segments visualized at MRCP, 14 were incorrectly characterized (accuracy, 92%). At MRCP, segments not detected or mischaracterized were either normal, slightly dilated, or narrowed. At ERCP, 42 segments in 19 patients were not visualized. MRCP findings were considered useful in all those cases. MRCP image quality was not interpretable in two cases due to artifacts. CONCLUSION Very good correlation between ERCP and MRCP findings was demonstrated. Both modalities failed to depict pathologic conditions depicted by the alternative method. MRCP may obviate ERCP, particularly in patients who cannot undergo ERCP or in whom ERCP has been unsuccessful.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Sica
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Abstract
CT is the most sensitive radiologic method for the detection of differences in radiographic density in chest lesions. Areas of high attenuation (visually as opaque as bony structures) in an abnormality on CT scans can be an important clue to the correct diagnosis. The high attenuation is most often caused by calcification, but may also be due to iodine, barium, or radiopaque foreign bodies. This essay illustrates the patterns of high attenuation associated with chest diseases on unenhanced CT scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Chai
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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