1
|
Heiston EM, Ballantyne A, Stewart NR, La Salvia S, Musante L, Lanningan J, Erdbrügger U, Malin SK. Insulin infusion decreases medium-sized extracellular vesicles in adults with metabolic syndrome. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E378-E388. [PMID: 35858245 PMCID: PMC9529262 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00022.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Elevated extracellular vesicles (EVs) are associated with glucose dysmetabolism. However, the effects of insulin on EVs and subsequent relationships with insulin sensitivity, substrate oxidation, and inflammation are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that insulin would lower EVs and relate to insulin action. Fifty-one sedentary adults (54.8 ± 1.0 yr; V̇o2peak : 22.1 ± 0.6 mL/kg/min) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity (36.4 ± 0.65 kg/m2) underwent a 2-h euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (5 mmol/L; 40 mU/m2/min). Count and size (medium: 200-624 nm; larger: 625-1,000 nm) for total particle count, endothelial- (CD105+), leukocyte- (CD45+), platelet- (CD41+), and tetraspanin- (TX+: CD9/CD81/CD63), as well as platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule- (CD31+) derived EVs were determined before and following the clamp using Full Spectrum Profiling (FSPM). Size and MESF (molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochrome) data were generated using FCMPASS Software. Fat and carbohydrate oxidation, in addition to high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP), were measured to understand insulin effects and associations between EVs, metabolic flexibility, and inflammation. Despite low metabolic insulin sensitivity (M-Value = 2.56 ± 0.17 mg/kg/min), insulin increased carbohydrate (P = 0.015) and decreased fat oxidation (P = 0.048) and hsCRP (P = 0.016) compared with fasting. Insulin also decreased total particle count (P < 0.001), attributable to decreased medium-sized CD105+ (P = 0.052) and CD45+ EVs (P < 0.001). Elevated fasting insulin was associated with reduced insulin-stimulated changes in all EVs phenotypes (P < 0.001). Interestingly, fasting EVs were associated with increased fasting carbohydrate oxidation (all P < 0.05). These findings suggest that insulin decreases medium-sized EVs in conjunction with metabolic flexibility under euglycemic conditions in adults with MetS. More research is needed to determine how therapies alter EV phenotype/size and consequent cardiometabolic risk.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is one of the first to investigate the effects of insulin on medium and larger extracellular vesicles (EVs) in relation to metabolic insulin sensitivity and fuel use in adults with metabolic syndrome. Our data suggest that insulin infusion decreases the concentration of total particle counts, mainly due to reductions in medium-sized EVs. Furthermore, EVs, predominantly medium-sized, are inversely associated with metabolic flexibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Heiston
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Anna Ballantyne
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Nathan R Stewart
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Sabrina La Salvia
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Luca Musante
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Uta Erdbrügger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Steven K Malin
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- The New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|