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Raz A, Amer-Alshiek J, Goren-Margalit M, Jacobi G, Hochberg A, Amit A, Azem F, Amir H. Donation of surplus frozen pre-embryos to research in Israel: underlying motivations. Isr J Health Policy Res 2016; 5:25. [PMID: 27822357 PMCID: PMC5097401 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-016-0085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The high number of IVF procedures performed in Israel has had an unforeseen consequence: accumulation of large amounts of surplus frozen embryos. After five years that the frozen embryos are kept for free, patients need to make an embryo disposition decision. One option is donation for research. The donation rate in Israel is very low. Our aim was to understand the attitudes, values and perceptions of female IVF patients that decided to donate their surplus frozen embryos to research. Methods The study setting was a tertiary IVF unit which during the 2000–2009 period treated 241 patients who had their frozen pre-embryos stored for more than five years. The study population consists of the 12 patients (from among the 241) who had decided to donate their excess frozen pre-embryos to research. In-depth interviews were carried out with 8 of those 12 patients. Results IVF patients who donated their surplus frozen pre-embryos to research viewed the frozen embryo as a valuable resource that does not have human identity yet. The majority expressed a gradualist approach to the human status of the embryo as requiring successful implantation and development in the uterus. All the respondents chose donation to research not because it was their first choice but because they did not want or were unable to use the pre-embryos in the future, in addition to not willing to thaw them. For many of the respondents, donation to research was accompanied by a sense of uncertainty. All would have preferred to donate their pre-embryos to infertile women or couples, an option which is currently prohibited in Israel. Conclusions The moral reasoning behind decisions that patients make regarding excess pre-embryos is important for health care practitioners to consider when offering decision-making alternatives and counseling. For our respondents, the scarcity of donating excess frozen pre-embryos to research may reflect patients' preference for embryo donation to infertile couples. Recommended ways to increase donation to research may include public education and awareness, as well as targeted communication with IVF patients by multi-professional IVF unit teams comprised of a medical doctor and a professional trained in bioethics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviad Raz
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jonia Amer-Alshiek
- Sarah Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mor Goren-Margalit
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Gal Jacobi
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alyssa Hochberg
- Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Ami Amit
- Sarah Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Foad Azem
- Sarah Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hadar Amir
- Sarah Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Amer-Alshiek J, Alshiek T, Amir Levy Y, Azem F, Amit A, Amir H. Israeli Druze women's sex preferences when choosing obstetricians and gynecologists. Isr J Health Policy Res 2015; 4:13. [PMID: 26034576 PMCID: PMC4450487 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-015-0013-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Consideration and better understanding of patients’ needs on the part of the healthcare system might help increase the number of people seeking necessary medical care. Many studies have been conducted on patients’ preferences in choosing their health care provider, but the majority of them were conducted in modern western societies, establishing a need to explore other populations. The present study was performed in the Israeli Druze community which is composed of a uniquely traditional and religious population. We assessed the sex preference of Israeli Druze women regarding obstetricians/gynecologists, and identify other features that affect their choice. Method We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 196 Israeli Druze women who anonymously completed a 36-item questionnaire between January-July, 2011. Results Most (63.8%) of the responders preferred female obstetricians/gynecologists, while 74.5% had no sex preference for their family physicians. 68.6% of the religious women preferred female obstetricians/gynecologists as compared to 51.76% of those women who self-identified as secular. Most of the women (65%) preferred female obstetricians/gynecologists for intimate procedures, such as pelvic examination and pregnancy follow-up. The main reasons given were: feeling more comfortable with a female practitioner (69.7%), the belief that females are more gentle (56.6%), and being more embarrassed with male obstetricians/gynecologists (45.4%). Three factors were associated with the responders’ preferences for female obstetricians/gynecologists: their age and religious status, and the sex of their regular obstetricians/gynecologists. Women who preferred a female obstetrician/gynecologist assigned a lesser weight to the physician’s knowledge when choosing them. Older and religious women as well as those who attributed less weight to the physician’s professional knowledge were more likely to prefer a female obstetrician/gynecologist. Conclusions The majority of responders to our survey (Israeli Druze women), like those in other communities where religiousness and modesty are deeply rooted, prefer female obstetricians/gynecologists, with the overwhelming reasons given being feeling more comfortable and less embarrassed with females, and the notion that female obstetricians/gynecologists are more gentle during intimate procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonia Amer-Alshiek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sara Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizman Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906 Israel
| | - Tahani Alshiek
- The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yifat Amir Levy
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel ; Departments of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Foad Azem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sara Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizman Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906 Israel
| | - Ami Amit
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sara Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizman Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906 Israel
| | - Hadar Amir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sara Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizman Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906 Israel ; Departments of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA USA
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Amer-Alshiek J, Shiekh O, Agmon A, Grisaru D. What is the right timing for ultrasound evaluation after pregnancy termination with mifepristone? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015; 189:24-6. [PMID: 25845913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the timing for ultrasound evaluation after medical termination of pregnancy (MTOP). STUDY DESIGN The records of 301 consecutive women who underwent MTOP between July 2010 and July 2011 were studied retrospectively. The follow-up protocol included ultrasound evaluation 2 weeks after MTOP. Surgical termination was offered when pregnancy was found to be ongoing, and either hysteroscopy/curettage or a repeat ultrasound 2 weeks later was offered when the ultrasound findings were suspicious for retained products of conception. Pathology reports were used to confirm the presence of retained products of conception. RESULTS Women with ultrasound findings suspicious for retained products of conception were significantly older than women with negative ultrasound findings (30.9±7.7 years vs 24.8±6 years, p<0.0001). Two weeks after MTOP, ultrasound findings were negative in 236 women and suspicious in 66 women. This rate declined as the interval between ultrasound evaluation and MTOP increased (up to 10 weeks). Of the 18 women (5.98%) who underwent hysteroscopy/curettage, pathology reports indicated that 15 (83.3%) had true residua. CONCLUSIONS At 2 weeks after MTOP, ultrasound findings suspicious for retained products of conception do not conclusively indicate failure of the procedure. Ultrasound evaluation should be repeated 4-6 weeks later (6-8 weeks after MTOP) in women with suspected residua before diagnosing failure of the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Amer-Alshiek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - O Shiekh
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A Agmon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Grisaru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Cohen A, Almog B, Zakar L, Gil Y, Amer-Alshiek J, Bibi G, Ostrovsky L, Levin I. Methotrexate Success Rates in Progressing Ectopic Pregnancies: A Reappraisal. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2014.08.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Cohen A, Zakar L, Gil Y, Amer-Alshiek J, Bibi G, Almog B, Levin I. Methotrexate success rates in progressing ectopic pregnancies: a reappraisal. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 211:128.e1-5. [PMID: 24657132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the success rates of methotrexate in progressing ectopic pregnancies and to correlate them with beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels. STUDY DESIGN This retrospective cohort study that was carried out in a tertiary university-affiliated medical center included women who had been diagnosed with ectopic pregnancies between January 2001 and June 2013. Daily β-hCG follow-up examinations were performed to determine the progression of the ectopic pregnancy. Women with hemodynamically stable progressing ectopic pregnancies received methotrexate (50 mg/m(2) of body surface). We measured the success and failure rates for methotrexate treatment in correlation to β-hCG level. RESULTS One thousand eighty-three women were candidates for "watchful waiting" (β-hCG follow up). Spontaneous resolution and decline of β-hCG levels occurred in 674 patients (39.5%); 409 women (24.0%) had stable or increasing β-hCG levels and were treated with methotrexate. In 356 women (87.0%), the treatment was successful; 53 women (13.0%) required laparoscopic salpingectomy. Compared with prompt administration of methotrexate, our protocol resulted in lower overall success rates for all levels of β-hCG in women with progressing ectopic pregnancies: 75% in women with β-hCG levels of 2500-3500 mIU/mL, and 65% in women with β-hCG levels >4500 mIU/mL. A mathematic model was found describing the failure rates for methotrexate in correlation with β-hCG levels. CONCLUSION The success rates for methotrexate treatment in progressing ectopic pregnancies after daily follow-up evaluation of β-hCG levels are lower than previously reported. This reflects redundant administration of methotrexate in cases in which the ectopic pregnancy eventually will resolve spontaneously.
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Amer-Alshiek J, Alshiek T, Almog B, Lessing JB, Satel A, Many A, Levin I. Can we reduce the surgical site infection rate in cesarean sections using a chlorhexidine-based antisepsis protocol? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013; 26:1749-52. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.798291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Levin I, Amer-Alshiek J, Avni A, Lessing JB, Satel A, Almog B. Chlorhexidine and Alcohol Versus Povidone-Iodine for Antisepsis in Gynecological Surgery. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2011; 20:321-4. [DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2010.2391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ishai Levin
- Department of Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jonia Amer-Alshiek
- Department of Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amiram Avni
- Department of Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joseph B. Lessing
- Department of Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Abed Satel
- Department of Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Benny Almog
- Department of Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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