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Jain A, Trindade GF, Hicks JM, Potts JC, Rahman R, Hague RJM, Amabilino DB, Pérez-García L, Rawson FJ. Modulating the biological function of protein by tailoring the adsorption orientation on nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 587:150-161. [PMID: 33360888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Protein orientation in nanoparticle-protein conjugates plays a crucial role in binding to cell receptors and ultimately, defines their targeting efficiency. Therefore, understanding fundamental aspects of the role of protein orientation upon adsorption on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) is vital for the development of clinically important protein-based nanomedicines. In this work, new insights on the effect of the different orientation of cytochrome c (cyt c) bound to gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using various ligands on its apoptotic activity is reported. Time-of-Flight Secondary-Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), electrochemical and circular dichroism (CD) analyses are used to investigate the characteristics of cyt c orientation and structure on functionalized GNPs. These studies indicate that the orientation and position of the heme ring inside the cyt c structure can be altered by changing the surface chemistry on the GNPs. A difference in the apoptosis inducing capability because of different orientation of cyt c bound to the GNPs is observed. These findings indicate that the biological activity of a protein can be modulated on the surface of NPs by varying its adsorption orientation. This study will impact on the rational design of new nanoscale biosensors, bioelectronics, and nanoparticle-protein based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Jain
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Gustavo F Trindade
- Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jacqueline M Hicks
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jordan C Potts
- Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ruman Rahman
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Richard J M Hague
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG8 1BB, UK
| | - David B Amabilino
- GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK
| | - Lluïsa Pérez-García
- Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Frankie J Rawson
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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