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Burballa C, Llinàs-Mallol L, Vázquez S, Pérez-Sáez MJ, Arias-Cabrales C, Buxeda A, Hernandez JL, Riera M, Sanz S, Alari-Pahissa E, Federico-Vega J, Eguía J, Pascual J, Redondo-Pachón D, Crespo M. Dynamics of HLA and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibodies during pregnancy. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110749. [PMID: 38238229 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alloantibodies, especially anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies (HLA antibodies), and autoantibodies, as angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibodies (AT1R antibodies), may complicate the access and the course of transplantation. Pregnancy is a known source of HLA antibodies, with most studies evaluating pregnancy-induced sensitization by complement-dependent cytotoxicity assays, mainly after childbirth. AT1R antibodies have been evaluated in the context of preeclampsia. We aimed to evaluate pregnancy as a natural source of HLA antibodies and AT1R antibodies, their dynamics along gestation and the potential factors involved in antibody appearance. METHODS Serum samples from pregnant women were collected during the three trimesters of pregnancy (1T, 2T, 3T). Presence of HLA antibodies was assessed by screening beads on Luminex and AT1R antibodies by ELISA. RESULTS A cohort of 138 pregnant women were included. Samples from all were tested in 1T, 127 in 2T and 102 in 3T. HLA antibodies increased from 29.7 % (1T) to 38.2 % (3T). AT1R antibodies were stable around 30 % along pregnancy. Up to 43.2 % multiparous women had HLA antibodies, with a similar proportion of class I and class II antibodies. In primiparous women HLA antibodies increased along pregnancy (from 17.6 % to 34.1 %), with predominance of class II HLA antibodies. AT1R antibodies were not different in primiparous and multiparous women. CONCLUSIONS Pregnancy is a relevant source of HLA antibodies sensitization, but not of AT1R antibodies. HLA antibodies increased clearly in primiparous women with predominance of class II. The use of newer solid-phase techniques on Luminex evidence a higher degree of HLA sensitization during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Burballa
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Llinàs-Mallol
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Vázquez
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M José Pérez-Sáez
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Arias-Cabrales
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Buxeda
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marta Riera
- Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Sanz
- Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Alari-Pahissa
- Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Federico-Vega
- Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Eguía
- Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya SA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Pascual
- Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Nephrology, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Redondo-Pachón
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Crespo
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Nephropathies Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
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Eguía J, Caballero‐Rabasco MA, Cos ML, Grau S, Mellibovsky L, Villegas E, Blasco F, Lemus A, Crespo M, Padilla E, Gimeno R. Antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 in patients with primary immunodeficiencies treated with nonspecific immunoglobulins. Immunology 2022; 166:539-542. [PMID: 35570365 PMCID: PMC9347869 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Eguía
- Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya SA. El Prat de Llobregat Spain
- Immunodeficiencies Unit. Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
| | - Mª Araceli Caballero‐Rabasco
- Department of Pediatrics Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
- Immunodeficiencies Unit. Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
| | - Mª Lourdes Cos
- Department of Internal Medicine Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
- Immunodeficiencies Unit. Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
| | - Santiago Grau
- Department of Pharmacy Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
| | - Leonardo Mellibovsky
- Department of Internal Medicine Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
- Immunodeficiencies Unit. Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
| | - Eduardo Villegas
- Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya SA. El Prat de Llobregat Spain
- Immunodeficiencies Unit. Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
| | - Fabiola Blasco
- Department of Internal Medicine Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
- Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
- Laboratory of Immunology. Department of Pathology. Hospital del Mar Barcelona
| | - Ana Lemus
- Department of Internal Medicine Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
- Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
| | - Marta Crespo
- Department of Nephrology Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
| | - Eduardo Padilla
- Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya SA. El Prat de Llobregat Spain
| | - Ramón Gimeno
- Laboratory of Immunology. Department of Pathology. Hospital del Mar Barcelona
- Immunodeficiencies Unit. Hospital del Mar. Barcelona Spain
- Immunity and Infection. Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute. Barcelona Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences University Pompeu Fabra. Barcelona Spain
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3
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Sanz-Ureña S, Llinás L, Eguía J, Olivé A, Yang S, Karahan G, Heidt S, Pascual J, Redondo-Pachón D, Crespo M. FC 112: HLA-Specific Memory B Cells and Paternal HLA Molecular Mismatch in Female Transplant Candidates Sensitized by Pregnancy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac123.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Access to kidney transplantation (KT) may be limited by HLA sensitization. It is clinically relevant to know both level of HLA-immunization and potential sensitizing events in the history transplant candidates [1–3]. Pregnancy is a frequent sensitizing event in female transplant candidates. Women exposed to foreign paternal HLA can generate specific HLA antibodies (HLA-Ab) and memory B cells (mBc) [4, 5], which can be re-stimulated upon antigen reencounter after TR.
We aimed to study the existence of mBc able to produce HLA-Ab in female KT candidates with previous pregnancies, to compare them with HLA-Ab in their serum and to analyse them in the context of molecular HLA mismatch between mother and father.
METHOD
We selected eight HLA sensitized women awaiting KT, who fulfilled these criteria: minimum of one successful pregnancy before KT (12–44 years before) from a single partner, HLA-Ab (HLA class I or II) and availability of a DNA sample from the father of their children. All women in the study cohort and the father of their children were HLA typed by next-generation sequencing (NGS®) for HLA–A, B, C, DRB1, DRB3/4/5, DQB1/A1 and DPB1. We used peripheral blood mononuclear cells cryopreserved before KT. We cultured them with a polyclonal stimulation cocktail consisting of a Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist and a proleukin for 10 days. We examined concentrated culture supernatants (SN) derived from activated cells, purified IgG and identified HLA-Abs using single antigen beads (SAB) on Luminex. Then, we compared the HLA-Ab profiles of SN and serum. We also studied the paternal molecular HLA incompatibilities with the HLAMatchmaker software.
RESULTS
After 10-day polyclonal stimulation, mBc increased from 29.90% (day 0) to 65.29% (day 10) (Figure 1), and antibody-secreting cells (ASC) from 0.08% (day 0) to 29.37% (day 10). SAB analysis revealed 211 HLA-Abs in serum and 116 HLA-Abs in SN: 98/211 (46.5%) of total HLA-Ab were serum-exclusive [78/98 (52.9%) class I and 25/98 (34.3%) class II] and only 3/116 (2.59%) HLA-Ab were SN-exclusive, all class II. Finally, we found 113/327 (34.6%) HLA-Ab shared by serum and SN: 65/113 (57.5%) class I and 48/113 (42.5%) class II.
Seven of eight women had Pregnancy-Induced Antibodies (PIA) in serum (20 HLA-Abs: 10 HLA class I and 10 HLA class II) and 4/8 women had PIA in SN (8 HLA-Abs: 2 HLA class I and 6 HLA class II) (Table 1). The HLAMatchmaker analysis showed that antibodies were reacting against incompatible paternal epitopes: in 6/8 women for HLA class I and 5/8 women for class HLA II in serum, and in 2/8 women for HLA class I and 4/8 women for HLA class II in SN.
CONCLUSION
We describe the study of the memory B cell compartment and the specific HLA-Abs produced by them with Luminex technology in KT female candidates with previous pregnancies. We found that the HLA-Abs secreted by these memory B cells followed a restricted pattern in number and intensity compared with serum HLA-Ab. The study of paternal HLA molecular mismatch incompatibilities explains many of these HLA-Abs decades after pregnancies. The entire value of this tool for risk stratification in HLA-sensitized patients awaiting TK is currently a matter of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sanz-Ureña
- Kidney Transplant Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Llinás
- Kidney Transplant Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Eguía
- Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya SA, Immunology, El, Spain
| | - Aina Olivé
- Kidney Transplant Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sihan Yang
- Kidney Transplant Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gonca Karahan
- Transplant Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Heidt
- Transplant Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Julio Pascual
- Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Nephrology, University Hospital October 12, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Redondo-Pachón
- Kidney Transplant Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Crespo
- Kidney Transplant Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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Crespo M, Barrilado-Jackson A, Padilla E, Eguía J, Echeverria-Esnal D, Cao H, Faura A, Folgueiras M, Solà-Porta E, Pascual S, Barbosa F, Hurtado S, Ribera L, Río-No L, Pérez-Sáez MJ, Redondo-Pachón D, Pascual J. Negative immune responses to two-dose mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in renal allograft recipients assessed with simple antibody and interferon gamma release assay cellular monitoring. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:786-800. [PMID: 34551187 PMCID: PMC8653097 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Studies are urgently needed to characterize immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccines in kidney transplant (KT) recipients, excluded from major clinical trials. Complex ELISPOT and other cellular response techniques have been applied, but simpler tools are needed. An easy-to-use real-world monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against the Spike protein and QuantiFERON® SARS-CoV-2 IFNγ release assay (IGRA) were performed at baseline and 28 days after the second dose in KT recipients and controls (dialysis patients and healthy ones). All healthy controls and >95% dialysis controls became positive for anti-S IgG antibodies, while only 63.3% of KT patients seroconverted with a very low antibody level. A positive IGRA was documented in 96.9% of controls, 89.3% peritoneal dialysis, 77.6% hemodialysis, 61.3% of KT patients transplanted more than 1 year ago and only 36% of those transplanted within the previous 12 months. Overall, 100% of healthy controls, 95.4% of dialysis patients and 78.8% KT recipients developed any immune response (humoral and/or cellular) against SARS-CoV-2. KT patients showed low rates of immune responses to mRNA Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 vaccines, especially those with recent transplantations. Simple humoral and cellular monitoring is advisable, so that repeated doses may be scheduled according to the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Crespo
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain,Correspondence Marta Crespo, Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | - Jorge Eguía
- Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya SA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Echeverria-Esnal
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain,Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar for Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Higini Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Faura
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Sergi Pascual
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sara Hurtado
- Department of Nephrology, Fresenius Medical Care Services, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ribera
- Department of Nephrology, Fresenius Medical Care Services, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Río-No
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Julio Pascual
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Boix F, Llorente S, Eguía J, Gonzalez-Martinez G, Alfaro R, Galián JA, Campillo JA, Moya-Quiles MR, Minguela A, Pons JA, Muro M. In vitro intracellular IFNγ, IL-17 and IL-10 producing T cells correlates with the occurrence of post-transplant opportunistic infection in liver and kidney recipients. World J Transplant 2018; 8:23-37. [PMID: 29507859 PMCID: PMC5829452 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v8.i1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To validate intracellular cytokine production functional assay as means of cell-mediated immunity monitoring of post-transplant patients with opportunistic infection (OI).
METHODS Intracellular cytokine-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell monitoring was carried out in 30 liver transplant (LTr) and 31 kidney transplant (KTr) recipients from 2010 to 2012. Patients were assessed in our Department of Immunology at the Clinical University ‘Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB’ in Murcia, Spain for one year following transplantation. FACS Canto II flow cytometer was employed to quantify the intracellular production of IL-17, IFNγ and IL-10 cytokines on stimulated CD4+CD69+ and CD8+CD69+ T cells and BD FACS DIVA v.6 software was used to analysed the data. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 22.0.
RESULTS LTr with OI had significantly lower % of CD8+CD69+IFNγ+ T cells at 60 (7.95 ± 0.77 vs 26.25 ± 2.09, P < 0.001), 90 (7.47 ± 1.05 vs 30.34 ± 3.52, P < 0.001) and 180 (15.31 ± 3.24 vs 24.59 ± 3.28, P = 0.01) d post-transplantation. Higher % of CD4+CD69+IL-10+ as well as CD4+CD69+IL-17+ T cells were yet reported at 30 (14.06 ± 1.65 vs 6.09 ± 0.53, P = 0.0007 and 4.23 ± 0.56 vs 0.81 ± 0.14, P = 0.005; respectively), 60 (11.46 ± 1.42 vs 4.54 ± 0.91, P = 0.001 and 4.21 ± 0.59 vs 1.43 ± 0.42, P = 0.03; respectively) and 90 d (16.85 ± 1.60 vs 4.07 ± 0.63, P < 0.001 and 3.97 ± 0.43 vs 0.96 ± 0.17, P = 0.001). Yet, KTr with OI had significantly lower percentage of CD4+CD69+IFNγ+ at 30 (11.80 ± 1.59 vs 20.64 ± 3.26, P = 0.035), 60 (11.19 ± 1.35 vs 15.85 ± 1.58, P = 0.02), 90 (11.37 ± 1.42 vs 22.99 ± 4.12, P = 0.028) and 180 (13.63 ± 2.21 vs 21.93 ± 3.88, P = 0.008) d post-transplantation as opposed to CD4+CD69+IL-10+ and CD8+CD69+IL-10+ T cells which percentages were higher at 30 (25.21 ± 2.74 vs 8.54 ± 1.64, P < 0.001 and 22.37 ± 1.35 vs 17.18 ± 3.54, P = 0.032; respectively), 90 (16.85 ± 1.60 vs 4.07 ± 0.63, P < 0.001 and 23.06 ± 2.89 vs 10.19 ± 1.98, P = 0.002) and 180 (21.81 ± 1.72 vs 6.07 ± 0.98, P < 0.001 and 19.68 ± 2.27 vs 10.59 ± 3.17, P = 0.016) d post-transplantation. The auROC curve model determined the most accurate cut-off values to stratify LTr and KTr at high risk of OI and Cox Regression model confirmed these biomarkers as the most significant risk factors to opportunistic infection.
CONCLUSION Post-transplant percentages of T-cell subsets differed significantly amongst infected- and non-infected-LTr and -KTr and yet this imbalance was found to contribute towards a worst clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Boix
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - Santiago Llorente
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB’, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - Jorge Eguía
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - Gema Gonzalez-Martinez
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - Rafael Alfaro
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - Jose A Galián
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - Jose A Campillo
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - María Rosa Moya-Quiles
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - Alfredo Minguela
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - Jose A Pons
- Digestive Medicine Service, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB’, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - Manuel Muro
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB, Clinical University Hospital ‘Virgen Arrixaca’, Murcia 30120, Spain
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6
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Boix F, Bolarín JM, Mrowiec A, Eguía J, Gonzalez-Martinez G, de la Peña J, Galian JA, Alfaro R, Moya-Quiles MR, Legaz I, Campillo JA, Ramírez P, García-Alonso A, Pons JA, Sánchez-Bueno F, Minguela A, Llorente S, Muro M. CD28 biomarker quantification and expression level profiles in CD4 + T-lymphocytes in solid organ transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2017; 42:9-17. [PMID: 28392336 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of anti-calcineurin-based therapies has led to an increase in the one-year survival as well as graft function rates in patients undergoing solid organ transplantation (SOT). Nonetheless, early cellular acute rejection (EAR) incidence still remains a major challenge that irrevocably heads to poor outcomes. The mechanisms underlying CD4 T cell activation in SOT are still under research. In this sense, CD28 co-stimulatory molecule plays a pivotal role triggering CD4 T cell activation as well as survival maintenance. Previous own studies stated the role that CD4+CD28+ circulating T lymphocytes plays before and during EAR episodes. We assessed the percentage as well as the absolute number of CD28 molecules on CD4+ T cells as predictive surrogate biomarker of EAR in a prospective cohort of liver and kidney transplant recipients. Quantitative analysis of CD28 was carried out on whole peripheral blood samples by flow cytometry. Decreased pre-transplant expression of CD28 was associated with EAR in both study groups. Furthermore, the expression of CD28 within the rejected group, experimented an up-regulation upon transplantation. These preliminary results suggest that patients undergoing liver or kidney transplant can be stratified at high risk of EAR according to their CD28 molecule expression on peripheral CD4+ T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Boix
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - José Miguel Bolarín
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Anna Mrowiec
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jorge Eguía
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Gema Gonzalez-Martinez
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús de la Peña
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - José A Galian
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Rafael Alfaro
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - María R Moya-Quiles
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Legaz
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - José A Campillo
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramírez
- Department of Surgery, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana García-Alonso
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose A Pons
- Department of Surgery, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Bueno
- Department of Surgery, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Minguela
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Santiago Llorente
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Muro
- Department of Immunology, Clinical University Hospital 'Virgen Arrixaca' - IMIB (Murcian Institute of Biomedical Investigation), Murcia, Spain.
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7
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Chapela R, Eguía J, Selman M, Rodríguez W, Sepúlveda J, Rébora F, Díaz ML. [Study of albumin, immunoglobulins and electrolytes in bronchial washings of patients with diffuse pulmonary fibrosis and allergic alveolitis. Clinical and diagnostic implications (author's transl)]. Rev Invest Clin 1979; 31:35-9. [PMID: 441591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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