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Willumsen A, Midtgaard J, Jespersen B, Hansen CKK, Lam SN, Hansen S, Kupers R, Fabricius ME, Litman M, Pinborg L, Tascón-Vidarte JD, Sabers A, Roland PE. Local networks from different parts of the human cerebral cortex generate and share the same population dynamic. Cereb Cortex Commun 2022; 3:tgac040. [PMID: 36530950 PMCID: PMC9753090 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal of neuroscience is to reveal mechanisms supporting collaborative actions of neurons in local and larger-scale networks. However, no clear overall principle of operation has emerged despite decades-long experimental efforts. Here, we used an unbiased method to extract and identify the dynamics of local postsynaptic network states contained in the cortical field potential. Field potentials were recorded by depth electrodes targeting a wide selection of cortical regions during spontaneous activities, and sensory, motor, and cognitive experimental tasks. Despite different architectures and different activities, all local cortical networks generated the same type of dynamic confined to one region only of state space. Surprisingly, within this region, state trajectories expanded and contracted continuously during all brain activities and generated a single expansion followed by a contraction in a single trial. This behavior deviates from known attractors and attractor networks. The state-space contractions of particular subsets of brain regions cross-correlated during perceptive, motor, and cognitive tasks. Our results imply that the cortex does not need to change its dynamic to shift between different activities, making task-switching inherent in the dynamic of collective cortical operations. Our results provide a mathematically described general explanation of local and larger scale cortical dynamic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Willumsen
- Department of Neuroscience, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Midtgaard
- Department of Neuroscience, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Jespersen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Salina N Lam
- Department of Neuroscience, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sabine Hansen
- Department of Neuroscience, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ron Kupers
- Department of Neuroscience, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin E Fabricius
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Minna Litman
- Epilepsy Clinic, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Pinborg
- Epilepsy Clinic, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark,Neurobiology Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anne Sabers
- Epilepsy Clinic, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per E Roland
- Corresponding author: Per E. Roland, Department of Neuroscience, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Tascón-Vidarte JD, Stick LB, Josipovic M, Risum S, Jomier J, Erleben K, Vogelius IR, Darkner S. Accuracy and consistency of intensity-based deformable image registration in 4DCT for tumor motion estimation in liver radiotherapy planning. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271064. [PMID: 35802593 PMCID: PMC9269460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the accuracy of intensity-based deformable image registration (DIR) for tumor localization in liver stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). We included 4DCT scans to capture the breathing motion of eight patients receiving SBRT for liver metastases within a retrospective clinical study. Each patient had three fiducial markers implanted. The liver and the tumor were delineated in the mid-ventilation phase, and their positions in the other phases were estimated with deformable image registration. We tested referenced and sequential registrations strategies. The fiducial markers were the gold standard to evaluate registration accuracy. The registration errors related to measured versus estimated fiducial markers showed a mean value less than 1.6mm. The positions of some fiducial markers appeared not stable on the 4DCT throughout the respiratory phases. Markers’ center of mass tends to be a more reliable measurement. Distance errors of tumor location based on registration versus markers center of mass were less than 2mm. There were no statistically significant differences between the reference and the sequential registration, i.e., consistency and errors were comparable to resolution errors. We demonstrated that intensity-based DIR is accurate up to resolution level for locating the tumor in the liver during breathing motion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kenny Erleben
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Sune Darkner
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wahlstedt I, Andratschke N, Behrens CP, Ehrbar S, Gabryś HS, Schüler HG, Guckenberger M, Smith AG, Tanadini-Lang S, Tascón-Vidarte JD, Vogelius IR, van Timmeren JE. Gating has a negligible impact on dose delivered in MRI-guided online adaptive radiotherapy of prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol 2022; 170:205-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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