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Tian J, Chen JH, Chao SX, Pelka K, Giannakis M, Hess J, Burke K, Jorgji V, Sindurakar P, Braverman J, Mehta A, Oka T, Huang M, Lieb D, Spurrell M, Allen JN, Abrams TA, Clark JW, Enzinger AC, Enzinger PC, Klempner SJ, McCleary NJ, Meyerhardt JA, Ryan DP, Yurgelun MB, Kanter K, Van Seventer EE, Baiev I, Chi G, Jarnagin J, Bradford WB, Wong E, Michel AG, Fetter IJ, Siravegna G, Gemma AJ, Sharpe A, Demehri S, Leary R, Campbell CD, Yilmaz O, Getz GA, Parikh AR, Hacohen N, Corcoran RB. Combined PD-1, BRAF and MEK inhibition in BRAF V600E colorectal cancer: a phase 2 trial. Nat Med 2023; 29:458-466. [PMID: 36702949 PMCID: PMC9941044 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
While BRAF inhibitor combinations with EGFR and/or MEK inhibitors have improved clinical efficacy in BRAFV600E colorectal cancer (CRC), response rates remain low and lack durability. Preclinical data suggest that BRAF/MAPK pathway inhibition may augment the tumor immune response. We performed a proof-of-concept single-arm phase 2 clinical trial of combined PD-1, BRAF and MEK inhibition with sparatlizumab (PDR001), dabrafenib and trametinib in 37 patients with BRAFV600E CRC. The primary end point was overall response rate, and the secondary end points were progression-free survival, disease control rate, duration of response and overall survival. The study met its primary end point with a confirmed response rate (24.3% in all patients; 25% in microsatellite stable patients) and durability that were favorable relative to historical controls of BRAF-targeted combinations alone. Single-cell RNA sequencing of 23 paired pretreatment and day 15 on-treatment tumor biopsies revealed greater induction of tumor cell-intrinsic immune programs and more complete MAPK inhibition in patients with better clinical outcome. Immune program induction in matched patient-derived organoids correlated with the degree of MAPK inhibition. These data suggest a potential tumor cell-intrinsic mechanism of cooperativity between MAPK inhibition and immune response, warranting further clinical evaluation of optimized targeted and immune combinations in CRC. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03668431.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tian
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan H Chen
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sherry X Chao
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Karin Pelka
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, Gladstone Institutes Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julian Hess
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kelly Burke
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vjola Jorgji
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Princy Sindurakar
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Braverman
- The Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Arnav Mehta
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tomonori Oka
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mei Huang
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Lieb
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maxwell Spurrell
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill N Allen
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas A Abrams
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Clark
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea C Enzinger
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter C Enzinger
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel J Klempner
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nadine J McCleary
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - David P Ryan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew B Yurgelun
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katie Kanter
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily E Van Seventer
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Islam Baiev
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary Chi
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joy Jarnagin
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William B Bradford
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edmond Wong
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexa G Michel
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isobel J Fetter
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giulia Siravegna
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angelo J Gemma
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arlene Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shadmehr Demehri
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca Leary
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Omer Yilmaz
- The Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gad A Getz
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aparna R Parikh
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Ryan B Corcoran
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Parikh AR, Van Seventer EE, Siravegna G, Hartwig AV, Jaimovich A, He Y, Kanter K, Fish MG, Fosbenner KD, Miao B, Phillips S, Carmichael JH, Sharma N, Jarnagin J, Baiev I, Shah YS, Fetter IJ, Shahzade HA, Allen JN, Blaszkowsky LS, Clark JW, Dubois JS, Franses JW, Giantonio BJ, Goyal L, Klempner SJ, Nipp RD, Roeland EJ, Ryan DP, Weekes CD, Wo JY, Hong TS, Bordeianou L, Ferrone CR, Qadan M, Kunitake H, Berger D, Ricciardi R, Cusack JC, Raymond VM, Talasaz A, Boland GM, Corcoran RB. Minimal Residual Disease Detection using a Plasma-only Circulating Tumor DNA Assay in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:5586-5594. [PMID: 33926918 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Detection of persistent circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) after curative-intent surgery can identify patients with minimal residual disease (MRD) who will ultimately recur. Most ctDNA MRD assays require tumor sequencing to identify tumor-derived mutations to facilitate ctDNA detection, requiring tumor and blood. We evaluated a plasma-only ctDNA assay integrating genomic and epigenomic cancer signatures to enable tumor-uninformed MRD detection. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A total of 252 prospective serial plasma specimens from 103 patients with colorectal cancer undergoing curative-intent surgery were analyzed and correlated with recurrence. RESULTS Of 103 patients, 84 [stage I (9.5%), II (23.8%), III (47.6%), IV (19%)] had evaluable plasma drawn after completion of definitive therapy, defined as surgery only (n = 39) or completion of adjuvant therapy (n = 45). In "landmark" plasma drawn 1-month (median, 31.5 days) after definitive therapy and >1 year follow-up, 15 patients had detectable ctDNA, and all 15 recurred [positive predictive value (PPV), 100%; HR, 11.28 (P < 0.0001)]. Of 49 patients without detectable ctDNA at the landmark timepoint, 12 (24.5%) recurred. Landmark recurrence sensitivity and specificity were 55.6% and 100%. Incorporating serial longitudinal and surveillance (drawn within 4 months of recurrence) samples, sensitivity improved to 69% and 91%. Integrating epigenomic signatures increased sensitivity by 25%-36% versus genomic alterations alone. Notably, standard serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels did not predict recurrence [HR, 1.84 (P = 0.18); PPV = 53.9%]. CONCLUSIONS Plasma-only MRD detection demonstrated favorable sensitivity and specificity for recurrence, comparable with tumor-informed approaches. Integrating analysis of epigenomic and genomic alterations enhanced sensitivity. These findings support the potential clinical utility of plasma-only ctDNA MRD detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna R Parikh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emily E Van Seventer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giulia Siravegna
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Yupeng He
- Guardant Health, Inc, Redwood City, California
| | - Katie Kanter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Madeleine G Fish
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathryn D Fosbenner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benchun Miao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susannah Phillips
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John H Carmichael
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nihaarika Sharma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joy Jarnagin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Islam Baiev
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yojan S Shah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Isobel J Fetter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Heather A Shahzade
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jill N Allen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lawrence S Blaszkowsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey W Clark
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jon S Dubois
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph W Franses
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce J Giantonio
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lipika Goyal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Samuel J Klempner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan D Nipp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric J Roeland
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David P Ryan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Colin D Weekes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Y Wo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Theodore S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Liliana Bordeianou
- Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cristina R Ferrone
- Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Motaz Qadan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hiroko Kunitake
- Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Berger
- Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rocco Ricciardi
- Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James C Cusack
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Genevieve M Boland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan B Corcoran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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