1
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Ong JWJ, Tan KS, Lee JJX, Seet JE, Choi HW, Ler SG, Gunaratne J, Narasaraju T, Sham LT, Patzel V, Chow VT. Differential effects of microRNAs miR-21, miR-99 and miR-145 on lung regeneration and inflammation during recovery from influenza pneumonia. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29286. [PMID: 38087452 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
In a mouse model of influenza pneumonia, we previously documented that proliferating alveolar type II (AT2) cells are the major stem cells involved in early lung recovery. Profiling of microRNAs revealed significant dysregulation of specific ones, including miR-21 and miR-99a. Moreover, miR-145 is known to exhibit antagonism to miR-21. This follow-up study investigated the roles of microRNAs miR-21, miR-99a, and miR-145 in the murine pulmonary regenerative process and inflammation during influenza pneumonia. Inhibition of miR-21 resulted in severe morbidity, and in significantly decreased proliferating AT2 cells due to impaired transition from innate to adaptive immune responses. Knockdown of miR-99a culminated in moderate morbidity, with a significant increase in proliferating AT2 cells that may be linked to PTEN downregulation. In contrast, miR-145 antagonism did not impact morbidity nor the proliferating AT2 cell population, and was associated with downregulation of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta, YM1, and LY6G. Hence, a complex interplay exists between expression of specific miRNAs, lung regeneration, and inflammation during recovery from influenza pneumonia. Inhibition of miR-21 and miR-99a (but not miR-145) can lead to deleterious cellular and molecular effects on pulmonary repair and inflammatory processes during influenza pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Wee Jian Ong
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai Sen Tan
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hyung Won Choi
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Teluguakula Narasaraju
- Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, Karnataka, India
| | - Lok-To Sham
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Volker Patzel
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent T Chow
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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2
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Chee J, Ong YK, Seet JE, Xu X. Radiopathologic predictors of 1- and 2-year frontal sinusotomy outcomes in a southeast Asian chronic rhinosinusitis population. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:4915-4921. [PMID: 37249594 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08048-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frontal sinus and its drainage pathway are difficult spaces to navigate surgically. The complexity of the frontal recess anatomy as well as inflammatory factors may influence outcomes of endoscopic frontal sinusotomy. It is not clear which factors are more important in determining post-operative frontal ostium patency. OBJECTIVE The objective is to investigate whether the distribution of fronto-ethmoidal cells, frontal recess dimensions and sinonasal inflammation predict frontal ostium patency at 1- and 2-years after endoscopic frontal sinusotomy. METHODS A retrospective review of 94 chronic rhinosinusitis patients (185 sides) who had undergone endoscopic frontal sinusotomies between 2015 and 2019 was conducted. Computed tomography was used to evaluate the type of fronto-ethmoidal cells present and determine the dimensions of the frontal recess. The International Classification of the Radiological Complexity of frontal recess and frontal sinus was used to grade the complexity of frontal recess anatomy. Mucosal inflammation was graded according to a structured histopathology report. Frontal ostium patency at 1- and 2-years post-operatively was recorded. RESULTS The frontal ostium patency rates were 80.9% and 73.4% at 1- and 2-years respectively. Eosinophilic predominance (adjusted OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.6-8.0, p = 0.003) and mucosal ulceration on histology (adjusted OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.1-17.9, p = 0.033) predicted ostial stenosis at 1 year. Smoking (adjusted OR 7.6, 95% CI 2.4-24.7, p = 0.001), aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) (adjusted OR 7.6, 95% CI 1.9-30.1, p = 0.004) and histological findings of severe inflammation (adjusted OR 8.9, 95% CI 1.9-41.2, p = 0.005) were independent predictors of ostial stenosis at 2 years. Frontal cell patterns, frontal recess dimensions and frontal recess complexity did not predict frontal ostium stenosis at both 1- and 2-years post-operatively. CONCLUSION Post-operative control of sinonasal inflammation is important in maintaining frontal ostium patency, regardless of frontal cell patterns or frontal recess dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Chee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yew Kwang Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xinni Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Dashraath P, Tong CRH, Tang MS, Li S, Wong JJL, Khoo KL, Seet JE, Mattar CNZ, Cheung PP. Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage during pregnancy in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet Rheumatol 2023; 5:e637-e638. [PMID: 38251488 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(23)00062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Dashraath
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Claudia R H Tong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - May Shuen Tang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sarah Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jeslyn J L Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kay Leong Khoo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Citra N Z Mattar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter P Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, National University Hospital, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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4
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Xu X, Seet JE, Yap QV, Chao SS, Thong MKT, Wang DY, Ong YK. Latent class analysis of structured histopathology in prognosticating surgical outcomes of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in Singapore. Rhinology 2023:3079. [PMID: 37219028 DOI: 10.4193/rhin22.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structured histopathology profiling is recommended when reporting chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) tissue. The objective of this study is to identify features in structured histopathology that predict outcome after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in a cohort of CRSwNP patients from Singapore. METHODS Latent class analysis was performed on structured histopathology reports of 126 CRSwNP patients who had undergone FESS. Outcome measures were polyp recurrence, need for systemic corticosteroids, revision surgery or biologics, and disease control at 2 years post-FESS. RESULTS Three classes were identified. Class 1 was characterised by mild, predominantly lymphoplasmacytic inflammation. Class 2 comprised of 100 eosinophils/HPF, hyperplastic seromucinous glands, mucosal ulceration and mucin containing eosinophil aggregates and Charcot-Leyden crystals. Classes 2 and 3 were significantly associated with uncontrolled disease at 2 years post-FESS. Class 3 was additionally associated with the need for systemic corticosteroids. CONCLUSIONS Eosinophil count, degree of inflammation, predominant inflammatory type, hyperplastic seromucinous glands, mucosal ulceration and mucin containing eosinophil aggregates and Charcot-Leyden crystals predicted need for systemic corticosteroids and uncontrolled disease at 2 years post-FESS. The presence of >100 eosinophils/HPF should be reported, as this subset of tissue eosinophilia was associated with less favourable outcomes after FESS.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - J E Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Q V Yap
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - S S Chao
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - M K T Thong
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - D Y Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y K Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore
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5
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Chia DKA, Sundar R, Kim G, Ang JJ, Lum JHY, Nga ME, Goh GH, Seet JE, Chee CE, Tan HL, Ho J, Ngoi NYL, Lee MXW, Muthu V, Chan GHJ, Pang ASL, Ang YLE, Choo JRE, Lim JSJ, Teh JL, Lwin A, Soon Y, Shabbir A, So JBY, Yong WP. Outcomes of a Phase II Study of Intraperitoneal Paclitaxel plus Systemic Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin (XELOX) for Gastric Cancer with Peritoneal Metastases. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:8597-8605. [PMID: 36070113 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-11998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adding intraperitoneal paclitaxel (IP-PTX) to paclitaxel/5-fluoropyrimidine has shown promising results in patients with gastric cancer peritoneal metastases (GCPM) but has not been studied with standard-of-care platinum/fluoropyrimidine combinations. Our goal to was evaluate IP-PTX with capecitabine/oxaliplatin (XELOX) in GCPM. METHODS Forty-four patients with GCPM received IP PTX (40 mg/m2, Days 1, 8), oral capecitabine (1000 mg/m2 twice daily, Days 1-14) and intravenous oxaliplatin (100 mg/m2, Day 1) in 21-day cycles. Patients with synchronous GCPM underwent conversion surgery if they had good response after chemotherapy, conversion to negative cytology, no extraperitoneal metastasis, and no peritoneal disease during surgery. The primary endpoint was overall survival and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival and safety. Outcomes from the trial were compared against a matched cohort of 39 GCPM patients who received systemic chemotherapy (SC) comprising platinum/fluoropyrimidine. RESULTS The median OS for the IP and SC groups was 14.6 and 10.6 months (hazard ratio [HR] 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26-0.74; p = 0.002). The median PFS for the IP and SC group was 9.5 and 4.4 months respectively (HR 0.39; 95% CI 0.25-0.66; p < 0.001). Patients in the SC group were younger (IP vs. SC, 61 vs. 56 years, p = 0.021) and had better performance status (ECOG 0, IP vs. SC, 47.7% vs. 76.9%, p = 0.007) compared with the IP cohort. In IP group, conversion surgery was performed in 36.1% (13/36) of patients, with a median OS of 24.2 (95% CI 13.1-35.3) months and 1-year OS of 84.6%. CONCLUSIONS IP PTX with XELOX is a promising treatment option for GCPM patients. In patients with good response, conversion surgery was feasible with favourable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl K A Chia
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raghav Sundar
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guowei Kim
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Jun Ang
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey H Y Lum
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min En Nga
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giap Hean Goh
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Ean Chee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hon Lyn Tan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingshan Ho
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Natalie Y L Ngoi
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matilda X W Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vaishnavi Muthu
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gloria H J Chan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angela S L Pang
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yvonne L E Ang
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joan R E Choo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joline S J Lim
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Liang Teh
- Department of General Surgery, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aung Lwin
- Department of General Surgery, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuen Soon
- Department of General Surgery, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Asim Shabbir
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Surgical Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jimmy B Y So
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. .,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Division of Surgical Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Wei Peng Yong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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6
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Seet D, Lee SY, Cho J, Ooi M, Seet JE, Mak A. Extensive Bone Marrow Capillary Network Masquerades as Fungal Hyphae in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 74:910-911. [DOI: 10.1002/art.42053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Seet
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine National University Health System Singapore
| | - Shir Ying Lee
- Department of Haematology‐Oncology National University Cancer Institute Singapore
- Division of Haematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine National University Hospital Singapore
| | - Jiacai Cho
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine National University Health System Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Melissa Ooi
- Department of Haematology‐Oncology National University Cancer Institute Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology National University Hospital Singapore
| | - Anselm Mak
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine National University Health System Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore
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7
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Chue KM, Seet JE, Heng GKE. Rare mesenteric abscess with secondary bowel perforation in a Covid-19 patient. ANZ J Surg 2021; 92:1946-1948. [PMID: 34874106 DOI: 10.1111/ans.17412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koy Min Chue
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore.,Department of General Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Gregory Kang Ee Heng
- Department of General Surgery, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore.,Department of General Surgery, Woodlands Health Campus, Singapore
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8
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Ang YLE, Chia PL, Chua KLM, Devanand A, Leong CN, Liew CJY, Ong BH, Samol J, Seet JE, Tam JKC, Tan DSW, Teo LLS, Soo RA. Lung Cancer in Singapore. J Thorac Oncol 2021; 16:906-911. [PMID: 34034887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne L E Ang
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Puey Ling Chia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kevin L M Chua
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anantham Devanand
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Cheng Nang Leong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Charlene J Y Liew
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Boon Hean Ong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jens Samol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - John K C Tam
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Daniel S W Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette L S Teo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Ross A Soo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore.
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9
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Tan VSR, Li A, Seet JE, Lee P. Metastases from tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma. Thorax 2020; 76:208-209. [PMID: 33023994 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Li
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Pyng Lee
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
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10
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D'cruz RT, Seet JE, Parameswaran R. Synchronous symptomatic parathyroid carcinoma and parathyroid adenoma with incidental follicular thyroid carcinoma. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2020; 102:e192-e195. [PMID: 32436720 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the case of an 89-year old Caucasian woman admitted with confusion and severe clinical manifestations of acute hypercalcaemia. There was no history suggestive of any malignancy and initial management included correction of the hypercalcaemia with intravenous fluid therapy. Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy and neck ultrasonography demonstrated a 4cm left-sided thyroid lesion and a nearly 2cm right-sided thyroid lesion. The patient underwent a total thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy. Histology confirmed a concomitant parathyroid adenoma, parathyroid carcinoma and follicular thyroid carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J E Seet
- National University Hospital, Singapore
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11
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Yong CW, Lum JL, Makmur A, Seet JE, Lim AAT. Unusual metastatic presentations of a primary right parapharyngeal acinic cell adenocarcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 49:564-568. [PMID: 31668783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Acinic cell adenocarcinoma (ACA) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm of the salivary glands. The patient reported herein presented with an unusual case of a metastatic ACA originating from the right parapharyngeal region, which eventually metastasized to the ipsilateral cavernous sinus and the contralateral mandibular ramus. The trigeminal nerve may have served as a channel for the spread of the cancer from the right parapharyngeal region to the cavernous sinus, and subsequently to the left mandibular ramus. The widening of the left inferior alveolar nerve canal was an early sign of metastasis in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Yong
- Discipline of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, National University Centre for Oral Health, Singapore
| | - J L Lum
- Discipline of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, National University Centre for Oral Health, Singapore
| | - A Makmur
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - J E Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - A A T Lim
- Discipline of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, National University Centre for Oral Health, Singapore.
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12
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Phang KF, Teng GG, Teo LLS, Seet JE, Teoh CM, Teo FSW. A 67-Year-Old Man With Psoriatic Arthritis and New-Onset Dyspnea. Chest 2019; 154:e127-e134. [PMID: 30409366 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A 67-year-old retired air force officer presented with a 6-month history of nonproductive cough, progressive exertional dyspnea, and weight loss. He was unable to walk beyond 100 m compared with his baseline of unlimited walking distance. He denied fever, hemoptysis, myalgia, or chest pain. He had a 30-year history of chronic plaque psoriasis with arthritis, which was managed by his dermatologist with emollients and vitamin D analogues. Joint involvement had previously been controlled with methotrexate, which was discontinued 15 years ago after resolution of his symptoms. He developed a polyarthritis flare a year ago, and adalimumab was initiated with good response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kee Fong Phang
- University Medicine Cluster, Division of Rheumatology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Gim Gee Teng
- University Medicine Cluster, Division of Rheumatology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Lynette L S Teo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore; University Medicine Cluster, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Chia Meng Teoh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore; University Medicine Cluster, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Felicia S W Teo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; University Medicine Cluster, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore.
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13
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Ong JWJ, Tan KS, Ler SG, Gunaratne J, Choi H, Seet JE, Chow VTK. Insights into Early Recovery from Influenza Pneumonia by Spatial and Temporal Quantification of Putative Lung Regenerating Cells and by Lung Proteomics. Cells 2019; 8:cells8090975. [PMID: 31455003 PMCID: PMC6769472 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
During influenza pneumonia, the alveolar epithelial cells of the lungs are targeted by the influenza virus. The distal airway stem cells (DASCs) and proliferating alveolar type II (AT2) cells are reported to be putative lung repair cells. However, their relative spatial and temporal distribution is still unknown during influenza-induced acute lung injury. Here, we investigated the distribution of these cells, and concurrently performed global proteomic analysis of the infected lungs to elucidate and link the cellular and molecular events during influenza pneumonia recovery. BALB/c mice were infected with a sub-lethal dose of influenza H1N1 virus. From 5 to 25 days post-infection (dpi), mouse lungs were subjected to histopathologic and immunofluorescence analysis to probe for global distribution of lung repair cells (using P63 and KRT5 markers for DASCs; SPC and PCNA markers for AT2 cells). At 7 and 15 dpi, infected mouse lungs were also subjected to protein mass spectrometry for relative protein quantification. DASCs appeared only in the damaged area of the lung from 7 dpi onwards, reaching a peak at 21 dpi, and persisted until 25 dpi. However, no differentiation of DASCs to AT2 cells was observed by 25 dpi. In contrast, AT2 cells began proliferating from 7 dpi to replenish their population, especially within the boundary area between damaged and undamaged areas of the infected lungs. Mass spectrometry and gene ontology analysis revealed prominent innate immune responses at 7 dpi, which shifted towards adaptive immune responses by 15 dpi. Hence, proliferating AT2 cells but not DASCs contribute to AT2 cell regeneration following transition from innate to adaptive immune responses during the early phase of recovery from influenza pneumonia up to 25 dpi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Wee Jian Ong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Correspondence: (J.W.J.O.); (V.T.-K.C.); Tel.: +65-6516-3691 (J.W.J.O.)
| | - Kai Sen Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Siok Ghee Ler
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | | | - Hyungwon Choi
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Vincent Tak-Kwong Chow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Correspondence: (J.W.J.O.); (V.T.-K.C.); Tel.: +65-6516-3691 (J.W.J.O.)
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14
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Wong SBJ, Nga ME, Michal M, Vanecek T, Seet JE, Petersson F. SOX11 expression in a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma with fibromatosis/fasciitis-like stroma containing BRAF c.1799_1801delTGA and CTNNB1 c.133T>C mutations. Virchows Arch 2019; 475:519-525. [PMID: 31327063 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma with fibromatosis/fasciitis-like stroma (PTC-FLS) that contained the rare BRAF c.1799_1801delTGA (p.V600_K601delinsE) mutation, which has not previously been reported in this tumour, as well as the CTNNB1 c.133T>C (p.S45P) mutation. We also report the novel observation that spindle cells of the mesenchymal component exhibit diffuse nuclear but not cytoplasmic expression of SOX11, whereas the malignant epithelial cells did not. This suggests that immunoreactivity for SOX11 can be an alternative diagnostic tool for evaluating cases of PTC-FLS where the nuclear expression of β-catenin is ambiguous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Boon Justin Wong
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min En Nga
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michal Michal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Vanecek
- Molecular and Genetic Laboratory, Biopticka Laboratory Ltd., Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Fredrik Petersson
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Pathology, National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
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15
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Sundah NR, Ho NRY, Lim GS, Natalia A, Ding X, Liu Y, Seet JE, Chan CW, Loh TP, Shao H. Barcoded DNA nanostructures for the multiplexed profiling of subcellular protein distribution. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 3:684-694. [PMID: 31285580 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Massively parallel DNA sequencing is established, yet high-throughput protein profiling remains challenging. Here, we report a barcoding approach that leverages the combinatorial sequence content and the configurational programmability of DNA nanostructures for high-throughput multiplexed profiling of the subcellular expression and distribution of proteins in whole cells. The barcodes are formed by in situ hybridization of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures and short DNA sequences conjugated with protein-targeting antibodies, and by nanostructure-assisted ligation (either enzymatic or chemical) of the nanostructures and exogenous DNA sequences bound to nanoparticles of different sizes (which cause these localization sequences to differentially distribute across subcellular compartments). Compared with linear DNA barcoding, the nanostructured barcodes enhance the signal by more than 100-fold. By implementing the barcoding approach on a microfluidic device for the analysis of rare patient samples, we show that molecular subtypes of breast cancer can be accurately classified and that subcellular spatial markers of disease aggressiveness can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah R Sundah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas R Y Ho
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Geok Soon Lim
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Auginia Natalia
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xianguang Ding
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching Wan Chan
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze Ping Loh
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huilin Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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16
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Abstract
Pseudogout, also known as calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease, is a rheumatological condition arising from accumulation of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in connective tissues. We present a case of a 56-year-old Bangladeshi woman who underwent focused right inferior parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism from a right inferior parathyroid adenoma. On the first post-operative day, she complained of left elbow painful swelling with redness and warmth. Arthrocentesis of left elbow was done due to suspicion of septic arthritis. Two weeks prior to this surgery, she had sudden bilateral knee swelling was diagnosed in her home country of bilateral knee osteoarthritis with effusion and arthrocentesis showed no crystals. Aspiration of left elbow showed calcium pyrophosphate crystals, associated with post parathyroidectomy hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia confirming pseudogout. Her uric acid level was normal. Bilateral wrist x-rays showed triangular fibrocartilage complex chondrocalcinosis. The patient's condition improved with colchicine and naproxen, as well as calcium and magnesium replacement. Her left elbow swelling and pain resolved. Pseudogout flare is a rare but known sequelae after parathyroidectomy. Early recognition and expeditious treatment is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Tai
- Division of General Surgery (Thyroid and Endocrine Surgery), University Surgical Cluster, Department of Surgery, National University Health System , Singapore
| | - H B Oh
- Division of General Surgery (Thyroid and Endocrine Surgery), University Surgical Cluster, Department of Surgery, National University Health System , Singapore
| | - J E Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System , Singapore
| | - K Y Ngiam
- Division of General Surgery (Thyroid and Endocrine Surgery), University Surgical Cluster, Department of Surgery, National University Health System , Singapore
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17
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Wee ACR, Seet JE, Venkatalacham J, Tan SK. Cryptococcal pleural infection in a recurrent pleural effusion: a case report. Respirol Case Rep 2018; 6:e00294. [PMID: 29796274 PMCID: PMC5961505 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcal pleural infection is rare with about 50 cases reported. It tends to occur in immunocompromised individuals. We describe a 38-year-old male who presented with a lymphocytic exudative right pleural effusion and a raised pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) level. He was initially treated for pleural tuberculosis, but presented again with worsening pleural effusion 6 weeks later. A thoracoscopic pleural biopsy revealed chronic nodular granulomatous pleuritis with cryptococcal organisms present. The repeat pleural fluid culture was positive for Cryptococcus neoformans. He was started on intravenous amphotericin B and oral flucytosine for 1 week, and then continued on oral fluconazole. He was subsequently diagnosed to have acute myeloid leukaemia. His peripheral blood film showed presence of blast cells (33%), with flow cytometry showing increased myeloblast population. Lymphocytic exudative pleural effusions with raised ADA levels in an immunocompromised patient can be due to opportunistic fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Chuan Rui Wee
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Khoo Teck Puat Hospital Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology National University Health System Singapore
| | | | - Sze Khen Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Khoo Teck Puat Hospital Singapore
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18
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Soo RA, Yun Lim JS, Asuncion BR, Fazreen Z, Herrera MC, Mohd Omar MF, Diem Phuong NH, Seet JE, Amanuel B, Iacopetta B, Byrne D, Hendry S, Fox S, Soong R. Determinants of variability of five programmed death ligand-1 immunohistochemistry assays in non-small cell lung cancer samples. Oncotarget 2018; 9:6841-6851. [PMID: 29467933 PMCID: PMC5805519 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression as determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is potentially predictive of clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the concordance of reported PD-L1 IHC assays and investigate factors influencing variability. Consecutive sections from 20 non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) comprising resection, core biopsy, cytology and pleural fluid samples underwent IHC with 5 different antibody/autostainer combinations: 22C3/Link48, 28-8/BOND-MAX, E1L3N/BOND-MAX, SP142/BenchMark and SP263/BenchMark. PD-L1 RNA levels were assessed using RNAscope. The frequency of positive cases using scoring thresholds from clinical trials was 72%, 33%, 61%, 56%, and 33% for the 5 IHC protocols respectively, and 33% for RNAscope. Pairwise agreement on the classification of cases as positive or negative for PD-L1 expression ranged from 61%-94%. On a continuous scale, the lowest correlation was between 28-8/BOND-MAX and SP142/BenchMark (R2=0.25) and highest was between 22C3/Link48 and E1L3N/BOND-MAX (R2=0.71). When cases were ordered according to tumor cell (TC)%, a similar ranking of cases across IHC protocols could be observed, albeit with different quanta and limits of detection. Single-slide OPAL 7-color fluorescence IHC analysis revealed a high degree of co-localization of staining from the 5 PD-L1 antibodies. Using SP142 antibody in a BOND-MAX protocol led to increased TC% quanta, while retaining a similar ranking of samples according to TC%. The results of this study highlight tumor PD-L1 status can vary significantly according to IHC protocol. Protocol-dependent staining intensities and nominated thresholds for positivity contribute to this variability, while the antibody used appears to be less of a factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross A Soo
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Joey Sze Yun Lim
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bernadette Reyna Asuncion
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zul Fazreen
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maria Cynthia Herrera
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mohd Feroz Mohd Omar
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nguyen Hoang Diem Phuong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benhur Amanuel
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, Australia.,School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Barry Iacopetta
- School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - David Byrne
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shona Hendry
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen Fox
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richie Soong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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19
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Abstract
Uric acid deposition in the pancreas is very rare and neither an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) nor a contrast-enhanced CT image of this condition has ever been published. We describe a case of asymptomatic pancreatic gout that was detected incidentally on CT. Imaging features mimicked pancreatic neoplasm, warranting further evaluation with EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration. Samples revealed debris encrusted with monosodium urate crystals. Follow-up CT showed complete resolution with urate-lowering therapy. We aim to augment current knowledge on the imaging of pancreatic gout and discuss its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Koh
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - How Cheng Low
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wynne Yuru Chua
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Abstract
Gout is a common entity; yet it is such a great mimicker in its imaging features that it can confuse clinicians and radiologists alike, sometimes leading to unnecessary investigations and treatment. We present a case of a 52 year old male renal transplant patient who presented with a slow growing mass in his left shin. The initial radiograph demonstrated a non-aggressive looking calcified lesion. A fine needle aspiration demonstrated this lesion to be gout deposition. The lesion was unchanged in the following eight years until the patient reported a sudden growth in size. Imaging showed features of an aggressive lesion with disruption of the previous calcification as well as enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical excision biopsy was performed in view of the worrisome features on imaging and the histology showed tophaceous gout. Following description of our case, we reviewed the clinical and imaging features of gout and discussed its differential diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sterling Ellis Eide
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiu Ming Khor
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Soon Yiew Sia
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore
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21
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Liew MF, Seet JE, Jee Y, Lee P. Pleural Cryoprobe Biopsy During Semirigid Pleuroscopy. Chest 2015. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.2266475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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22
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Li L, Chong HC, Ng SY, Kwok KW, Teo Z, Tan EHP, Choo CC, Seet JE, Choi HW, Buist ML, Chow VTK, Tan NS. Angiopoietin-like 4 Increases Pulmonary Tissue Leakiness and Damage during Influenza Pneumonia. Cell Rep 2015; 10:654-663. [PMID: 25660016 PMCID: PMC7185373 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive host inflammatory responses negatively impact disease outcomes in respiratory infection. Host-pathogen interactions during the infective phase of influenza are well studied, but little is known about the host's response during the repair stage. Here, we show that influenza infection stimulated the expression of angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) via a direct IL6-STAT3-mediated mechanism. ANGPTL4 enhanced pulmonary tissue leakiness and exacerbated inflammation-induced lung damage. Treatment of infected mice with neutralizing anti-ANGPTL4 antibodies significantly accelerated lung recovery and improved lung tissue integrity. ANGPTL4-deficient mice also showed reduced lung damage and recovered faster from influenza infection when compared to their wild-type counterparts. Retrospective examination of human lung biopsy specimens from infection-induced pneumonia with tissue damage showed elevated expression of ANGPTL4 when compared to normal lung samples. These observations underscore the important role that ANGPTL4 plays in lung infection and damage and may facilitate future therapeutic strategies for the treatment of influenza pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Han Chung Chong
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Say Yong Ng
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Ka Wai Kwok
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Ziqiang Teo
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Eddie Han Pin Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Chee Chong Choo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A(∗)STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Hyung Won Choi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Martin Lindsay Buist
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Vincent Tak Kwong Chow
- Host and Pathogen Interactivity Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A(∗)STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.
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23
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de Mel S, Wong B, Gole L, Ng SB, Koay E, Siong CNW, Seet JE, Wee A, Chng WJ, Tan LK. A Rare Variant of Aggressive T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia Associated With Hepatic Fibrosis and Trisomy 8: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Hematol 2015. [DOI: 10.14740/jh223w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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24
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Lee P, Khoo KL, Seet JE. Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy to Improve Diagnostic Yield of Pulmonary Nodule and Mass. Chest 2014. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1836311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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25
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Tan KS, Ng WC, Seet JE, Olfat F, Engelward BP, Chow VTK. Investigating the efficacy of pamidronate, a chemical inhibitor of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, in the inhibition of influenza virus infection in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2013; 9:51-6. [PMID: 24154548 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus has caused significant pandemics in the past decades, including the H1N1‑2009 pandemic. Viperin is an interferon‑inducible protein that acts as a broad‑spectrum antiviral protein via the inhibition of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS). To mimic this activity of viperin, the present study investigated the effectiveness of a commercially available FPPS inhibitor (pamidronate) as an inhibitor of influenza virus infection in vitro and in vivo. HeLaM cells were treated with pamidronate to determine its effect on the replication of influenza virus A/H1N1/WSN/1933. C57BL/6 mice were also subjected to intratracheal pamidronate treatment regimes prior to and following lethal influenza challenge. Treatment with the FPPS inhibitor in vitro resulted in a considerable reduction in the viral titer of ~1 log and diminished lipid raft formation without cellular toxicity, thus mimicking the antiviral effect of viperin. However, pamidronate lacked efficacy in vivo and was associated with increased pulmonary damage, most likely due to the complexity of drug‑host interactions in the infected mice. Further studies are warranted on pamidronate treatment in other infectious diseases that are more susceptible to FPPS inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sen Tan
- Host And Pathogen Interactivity Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore
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26
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Teo F, Agrawal D, Seet JE. Organizing Pneumonia: Clinical Presentation and Experience in a Tertiary Hospital in Singapore. Chest 2013. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1703407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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28
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Venkatesh SK, Wang G, Seet JE, Teo LLS, Chong VFH. MRI for transformation of preserved organs and their pathologies into digital formats for medical education and creation of a virtual pathology museum. A pilot study. Clin Radiol 2012; 68:e114-22. [PMID: 23246024 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the transformation of preserved organs and their disease entities into digital formats for medical education and creation of a virtual museum. MATERIALS AND METHODS MRI of selected 114 pathology specimen jars representing different organs and their diseases was performed using a 3 T MRI machine with two or more MRI sequences including three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted (T1W), 3D-T2W, 3D-FLAIR (fluid attenuated inversion recovery), fat-water separation (DIXON), and gradient-recalled echo (GRE) sequences. Qualitative assessment of MRI for depiction of disease and internal anatomy was performed. Volume rendering was performed on commercially available workstations. The digital images, 3D models, and photographs of specimens were archived into a workstation serving as a virtual pathology museum. RESULTS MRI was successfully performed on all specimens. The 3D-T1W and 3D-T2W sequences demonstrated the best contrast between normal and pathological tissues. The digital material is a useful aid for understanding disease by giving insights into internal structural changes not apparent on visual inspection alone. Volume rendering produced vivid 3D models with better contrast between normal tissue and diseased tissue compared to real specimens or their photographs in some cases. The digital library provides good illustration material for radiological-pathological correlation by enhancing pathological anatomy and information on nature and signal characteristics of tissues. In some specimens, the MRI appearance may be different from corresponding organ and disease in vivo due to dead tissue and changes induced by prolonged contact with preservative fluid. CONCLUSIONS MRI of pathology specimens is feasible and provides excellent images for education and creating a virtual pathology museum that can serve as permanent record of digital material for self-directed learning, improving teaching aids, and radiological-pathological correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Venkatesh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National University Hospital, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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29
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Tan KS, Olfat F, Phoon MC, Hsu JP, Howe JLC, Seet JE, Chin KC, Chow VTK. In vivo and in vitro studies on the antiviral activities of viperin against influenza H1N1 virus infection. J Gen Virol 2012; 93:1269-1277. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.040824-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus has caused a number of pandemics in past decades, including the recent H1N1-2009 pandemic. Viperin is an interferon (IFN)-inducible protein of innate immunity, and acts as a broad-spectrum antiviral protein. We explored the antiviral activities and mechanisms of viperin during influenza virus (IFV) infection in vitro and in vivo. Wild-type (WT) HeLa and viperin-expressing HeLa cells were infected with influenza A/WSN/33/H1N1 (WSN33) virus, and subjected to virological, light and electron microscopic analyses. Viperin expression reduced virus replication and titres, and restricted viral budding. Young and old viperin-knockout (KO) mice and WT control animals were challenged with influenza WSN33 at lethal doses of 103 and 104 p.f.u. via the intratracheal route. Lungs were subjected to histopathological, virological and molecular studies. Upon lethal IFV challenge, both WT and KO mice revealed similar trends of infection and recovery with similar mortality rates. Viral quantification assay and histopathological evaluation of lungs from different time points showed no significant difference in viral loads and lung damage scores between the two groups of mice. Although the in vitro studies demonstrated the ability of viperin to restrict influenza H1N1 virus replication, the viperin-deficient mouse model indicated that absence of viperin enhanced neither the viral load nor pulmonary damage in the lungs of infected mice. This may be due to the compensation of IFN-stimulated genes in the lungs and/or the influenza non-structural protein 1-mediated IFN antagonism dampening the IFN response, thereby rendering the loss of viperin insignificant. Nevertheless, further investigations that exploit the antiviral mechanisms of viperin as prophylaxis are still warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sen Tan
- Infectious Diseases Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore–Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance in Research and Technology, Singapore 117456
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117597
| | - Farzad Olfat
- Infectious Diseases Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore–Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance in Research and Technology, Singapore 117456
| | - Meng Chee Phoon
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117597
| | - Jung Pu Hsu
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117597
| | - Josephine L. C. Howe
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117597
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074
| | - Keh Chuang Chin
- Singapore Immunology Network, Immunos, Biopolis, Singapore 138648
| | - Vincent T. K. Chow
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117597
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Ng HH, Narasaraju T, Phoon MC, Sim MK, Seet JE, Chow VT. Doxycycline treatment attenuates acute lung injury in mice infected with virulent influenza H3N2 virus: involvement of matrix metalloproteinases. Exp Mol Pathol 2012; 92:287-95. [PMID: 22421441 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome, a severe form of acute lung injury (ALI), is a major cause of death during influenza pneumonia. We have provided evidence for the involvement of recruited neutrophils, their toxic enzymes such as myeloperoxidase and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and neutrophil extracellular traps in aggravating alveolar-capillary damage. In this study, we investigated the effects of doxycycline (DOX), an inhibitor of MMPs, on influenza-induced ALI. BALB/c mice were infected with a sublethal dose of mouse-adapted virulent influenza A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) virus, and administered daily with 20mg/kg or 60 mg/kg DOX orally. The effects of DOX on ALI were determined by measuring inflammation, capillary leakage, and MMP activities. Furthermore, levels of T1-α (a membrane protein of alveolar type I epithelium) and thrombomodulin (an endothelial protein) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Our results demonstrate significantly decreased inflammation and protein leakage in the lungs after DOX treatment. Levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity, T1-α and thrombomodulin were also diminished in the DOX-treated group. These findings were corroborated by histopathologic analyses, which demonstrated significant reduction in lung damage. Although DOX treatment reduced ALI, there were no effects on virus titers and body weights. Taken together, these results demonstrate that DOX may be useful in ameliorating ALI during influenza pneumonia. Further studies are warranted to determine whether DOX can be used in combination with anti-viral agents to alleviate severe influenza pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Ng
- Infectious Diseases Program, Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
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Wong JYL, Seet JE, Khoo KL, Teo LLS. Mesothelioma Metastasising to The Sciatic Nerve. Ann Acad Med Singap 2011. [DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v40n7p332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- National University Health System, Singapore
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Wong JY, Seet JE, Khoo KL, Teo LL. Mesothelioma metastatisising to the sciatic nerve. Ann Acad Med Singap 2011; 40:332-335. [PMID: 21870027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Tay CW, Deans DAC, Khor JLC, Seet JE, So BYJ. Suspected oesophageal cancer in a 33 year old lady. Int J Surg Case Rep 2010; 2:13-5. [PMID: 22096676 PMCID: PMC3199616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A previously healthy 33 year old lady presented with acute dysphagia with endoscopic and CT features of oesophageal carcinoma. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) revealed a large subcarinal lymph node compressing at the mid-oesophagus. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) showed a single well-formed epithelioid granuloma with no evidence of malignancy. Molecular analysis showed the aspirate to be positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. She continues to improve with standard anti-TB medication without surgery.This is a rare case of acute dysphagia secondary to primary tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenopathy. EUS and FNA have completely altered the clinical management of this lady.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Wei Tay
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | | | - Jen Lock Christopher Khor
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Bok Yan Jimmy So
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore
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Fox PA, Seet JE, Stebbing J, Francis N, Barton SE, Strauss S, Allen-Mersh TG, Gazzard BG, Bower M. The value of anal cytology and human papillomavirus typing in the detection of anal intraepithelial neoplasia: a review of cases from an anoscopy clinic. Sex Transm Infect 2005; 81:142-6. [PMID: 15800092 PMCID: PMC1764665 DOI: 10.1136/sti.2003.008318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reached differing conclusions about the utility of anal cytology as a screening tool for anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). There is a need also to establish whether HPV typing offers a useful adjunct to screening. METHODS We analysed data from 99 consecutive homosexual/bisexual male patients (89 HIV-1 positive) who underwent high resolution anoscopy. Follow up visits for these patients were also included, giving a total of 160 anoscopic procedures. Comparison was made between results of anal cytology using the sampling method of Palefsky, and histological findings of biopsies taken from abnormal areas seen on high resolution anoscopic examination of the anal canal. Swabs taken concurrently with the cytology were analysed for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and compared with the cytological and histological findings. RESULTS The sensitivity of the cytology was 83%, and the specificity 38% when compared with histology. At screening of 34 asymptomatic men, 83% had anal cytological dysplasia and 78% had AIN. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of hrHPV genotypes between different cytological or histological grades of abnormalities. CONCLUSION Anal cytology by the Palefsky method is simple to undertake, has a sensitivity and specificity comparable with cervical cytology, and can therefore be used as the basis of a pilot screening project in centres with large cohorts of HIV positive homosexual men who have a high risk of developing anal carcinoma. HPV genotyping is not a useful adjunct to cytological screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Fox
- Department of HIV and Genitourinary Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, UK.
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