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Taylor WTT, Belardi JB, Barberena R, Coltrain JB, Marina FC, Borrero LA, Conver JL, Hodgins G, Admiraal M, Craig OE, Lucquin A, Talbot HM, Lundy J, Liu X, Chauvey L, Schiavinato S, Seguin-Orlando A, Le Roux P, Lucas M, Orlando L, Roberts P, Jones EL. Interdisciplinary evidence for early domestic horse exploitation in southern Patagonia. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadk5201. [PMID: 38064558 PMCID: PMC10708174 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk5201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of domestic horses transformed Indigenous societies across the grasslands of Argentina, leading to the emergence of specialized horse cultures across the Southern Cone. However, the dynamics of this introduction are poorly chronicled by historic records. Here, we apply archaeozoological and biomolecular techniques to horse remains from the site of Chorrillo Grande 1 in southern Argentina. Osteological and taphonomic analyses suggest that horses were pastorally managed and used for food by Aónikenk/Tehuelche hunter-gatherers before the onset of permanent European settlement, as early as the mid-17th century. DNA-based sex identifications suggest consumption of both male and female horses, while ceramic residue also shows use of guanaco products. Sequential isotope analyses on horse dentition reveal an origin in southern Patagonia and movement of these animals between the Río Coig and Río Gallegos basins. These results reinforce emerging evidence for rapid Indigenous-mediated dispersal of horses in the Americas and demonstrate that horses catalyzed rapid economic and social transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Bautista Belardi
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Unidad Académica Río Gallegos (ICASUR), Laboratorio de Arqueología Dr. Luis A. Borrero, CONICET, Campus Universitario, Piloto Lero Rivera s/n (9400), Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina
| | - Ramiro Barberena
- Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Creación, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
- CONICET, Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Padre Jorge Contreras 1300 (5500), Mendoza, Argentina
| | | | - Flavia Carballo Marina
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Unidad Académica Río Gallegos (ICASUR), Laboratorio de Arqueología Dr. Luis A. Borrero, CONICET, Campus Universitario, Piloto Lero Rivera s/n (9400), Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina
| | - Luis Alberto Borrero
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Saavedra 15, Piso 5, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joshua L. Conver
- Center for Digital Scholarship and Curation, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Gregory Hodgins
- AMS Laboratory/Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jasmine Lundy
- Department of Archaeology, BioArCh, University of York, York, UK
| | - Xuexue Liu
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CNRS UMR 5288), University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Lorelei Chauvey
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CNRS UMR 5288), University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Schiavinato
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CNRS UMR 5288), University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Andaine Seguin-Orlando
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CNRS UMR 5288), University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Petrus Le Roux
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mary Lucas
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany
- Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Lars Thørings veg 10, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ludovic Orlando
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CNRS UMR 5288), University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Patrick Roberts
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany
- isoTROPIC Research Group, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany
| | - Emily Lena Jones
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Taylor WTT, Librado P, Hunska Tašunke Icu M, Shield Chief Gover C, Arterberry J, Luta Wiƞ A, Nujipi A, Omniya T, Gonzalez M, Means B, High Crane S, Dull Knife B, Wiƞ W, Tecumseh Collin C, Ward C, Pasqual TA, Chauvey L, Tonasso-Calviere L, Schiavinato S, Seguin-Orlando A, Fages A, Khan N, Der Sarkissian C, Liu X, Wagner S, Leonard BG, Manzano BL, O'Malley N, Leonard JA, Bernáldez-Sánchez E, Barrey E, Charliquart L, Robbe E, Denoblet T, Gregersen K, Vershinina AO, Weinstock J, Rajić Šikanjić P, Mashkour M, Shingiray I, Aury JM, Perdereau A, Alquraishi S, Alfarhan AH, Al-Rasheid KAS, Trbojević Vukičević T, Buric M, Sauer E, Lucas M, Brenner-Coltrain J, Bozell JR, Thornhill CA, Monagle V, Perri A, Newton C, Hall WE, Conver JL, Le Roux P, Buckser SG, Gabe C, Belardi JB, Barrón-Ortiz CI, Hart IA, Ryder C, Sponheimer M, Shapiro B, Southon J, Hibbs J, Faulkner C, Outram A, Patterson Rosa L, Palermo K, Solé M, William A, McCrory W, Lindgren G, Brooks S, Eché C, Donnadieu C, Bouchez O, Wincker P, Hodgins G, Trabert S, Bethke B, Roberts P, Jones EL, Running Horse Collin Y, Orlando L. Early dispersal of domestic horses into the Great Plains and northern Rockies. Science 2023; 379:1316-1323. [PMID: 36996225 DOI: 10.1126/science.adc9691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The horse is central to many Indigenous cultures across the American Southwest and the Great Plains. However, when and how horses were first integrated into Indigenous lifeways remain contentious, with extant models derived largely from colonial records. We conducted an interdisciplinary study of an assemblage of historic archaeological horse remains, integrating genomic, isotopic, radiocarbon, and paleopathological evidence. Archaeological and modern North American horses show strong Iberian genetic affinities, with later influx from British sources, but no Viking proximity. Horses rapidly spread from the south into the northern Rockies and central plains by the first half of the 17th century CE, likely through Indigenous exchange networks. They were deeply integrated into Indigenous societies before the arrival of 18th-century European observers, as reflected in herd management, ceremonial practices, and culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Timothy Treal Taylor
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Pablo Librado
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Carlton Shield Chief Gover
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma, Pawnee, OK 74058, USA
| | - Jimmy Arterberry
- Tribal Historian, Comanche Nation, Galindo Environmental Consulting LLC, Austin, TX 78757, USA
| | | | - Akil Nujipi
- Lakota, Pine Ridge Reservation, SD 57770, USA
| | - Tanka Omniya
- Oglala Lakota, Pine Ridge Reservation, SD 57770, USA
| | | | - Bill Means
- Oglala Lakota, Pine Ridge Reservation, SD 57770, USA
- International Indian Treaty Council, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
| | - Sam High Crane
- Sicangu Lakota, Rosebud Indian Reservation, SD 57570, USA
| | - Barbara Dull Knife
- Oglala Lakota, Pine Ridge Reservation, SD 57770, USA
- He'Sapa Unity Alliance Council of Elders, SD 57770, USA
| | - Wakiƞyala Wiƞ
- Oglala Lakota, Pine Ridge Reservation, SD 57770, USA
| | | | - Chance Ward
- Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe (Lakota), Eagle Butte, SD 57625, USA
| | | | - Lorelei Chauvey
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Laure Tonasso-Calviere
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Schiavinato
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Andaine Seguin-Orlando
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Fages
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
- Zoological Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Naveed Khan
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Clio Der Sarkissian
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Xuexue Liu
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Stefanie Wagner
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Beth Ginondidoy Leonard
- Institute of Culture and Environment, Alaska Pacific University, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
- Deg Xit'an (Athabascan), Shageluk Tribe of Interior Alaska, Shageluk, AK 99665, USA
| | - Bruce L Manzano
- Kentucky Archaeological Survey, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA
| | - Nancy O'Malley
- W.S. Webb Museum of Anthropology, University of Kentucky, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA
| | - Jennifer A Leonard
- Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eloísa Bernáldez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Paleontología y Paleobiología, Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eric Barrey
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI UMR1313, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350 Paris, France
| | | | - Emilie Robbe
- The Royal Danish Academy, Institute of Conservation, 1435 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | | | - Kristian Gregersen
- The Royal Danish Academy, Institute of Conservation, 1435 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Alisa O Vershinina
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Jaco Weinstock
- University of Southampton Faculty of Arts and Humanities (Archaeology), Southampton SO17 1BF, UK
| | | | - Marjan Mashkour
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique (AASPE), CP 56, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Irina Shingiray
- Faculty of History, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2RL, UK
- Oxford Nizami Ganjavi Centre, Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2LE, UK
| | - Jean-Marc Aury
- Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Évry, France
| | - Aude Perdereau
- Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Évry, France
| | - Saleh Alquraishi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H Alfarhan
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Information Systems, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A S Al-Rasheid
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tajana Trbojević Vukičević
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marcel Buric
- Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Eberhard Sauer
- School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Mary Lucas
- isoTROPIC Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Victoria Monagle
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Angela Perri
- Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Cody Newton
- SWCA Environmental Consultants, Inc., Sheridan, WY 82801, USA
| | - W Eugene Hall
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Joshua L Conver
- Department of Geography, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Petrus Le Roux
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa
| | - Sasha G Buckser
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Caroline Gabe
- Department of History, Anthropology, Philosophy, Political Science, and Department of Spanish, Adams State University, Alamosa, CO 81101, USA
| | - Juan Bautista Belardi
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Unidad Académica Río Gallegos (ICASUR), Laboratorio de Arqueología Dr. Luis A. Borrero, CONICET, 9400 Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina
| | | | - Isaac A Hart
- Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Christina Ryder
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Matthew Sponheimer
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Beth Shapiro
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - John Southon
- Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Joss Hibbs
- Dartmoor Hill Pony Association, Corndonford Farm, Poundsgate, Devon TQ13 7PP, UK
| | - Charlotte Faulkner
- Dartmoor Hill Pony Association, Corndonford Farm, Poundsgate, Devon TQ13 7PP, UK
| | - Alan Outram
- Department of Archaeology, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QE, UK
| | - Laura Patterson Rosa
- Department of Agriculture and Industry, Sul Ross State University, Alpine, TX 79832, USA
| | - Katelyn Palermo
- Department of Virology, Florida Department of Health, Jacksonville, FL 32202, USA
| | - Marina Solé
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alice William
- Xeni Gwet'in First Nations Government, 150-Milehouse, BC V0K 2G0, Canada
| | - Wayne McCrory
- McCrory Wildlife Services Ltd., New Denver, BC V0G 1S1, Canada
| | - Gabriella Lindgren
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
- Center for Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Samantha Brooks
- Department of Animal Science, UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Camille Eché
- Plateforme GeT-PlaGe, Génome et Transcriptome, US1426, Centre INRAe Occitanie, 31326 Auzeville, France
| | - Cécile Donnadieu
- Plateforme GeT-PlaGe, Génome et Transcriptome, US1426, Centre INRAe Occitanie, 31326 Auzeville, France
| | - Olivier Bouchez
- Plateforme GeT-PlaGe, Génome et Transcriptome, US1426, Centre INRAe Occitanie, 31326 Auzeville, France
| | - Patrick Wincker
- Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Évry, France
| | - Gregory Hodgins
- UA Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Sarah Trabert
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Brandi Bethke
- Oklahoma Archeological Survey, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Patrick Roberts
- isoTROPIC Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Emily Lena Jones
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Yvette Running Horse Collin
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
- Oglala Lakota, Pine Ridge Reservation, SD 57770, USA
| | - Ludovic Orlando
- Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse (CAGT, CNRS UMR5288), University Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, 31000 Toulouse, France
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