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Chapman CL, Benati JM, Johnson BD, Vargas NT, Lema PC, Schlader ZJ. Renal and segmental artery hemodynamics during whole body passive heating and cooling recovery. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:974-983. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00403.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
High environmental temperatures are associated with increased risk of acute kidney injury, which may be related to reductions in renal blood flow. The susceptibility of the kidneys may be increased because of heat stress-induced changes in renal vascular resistance (RVR) to sympathetic activation. We tested the hypotheses that, compared with normothermia, increases in RVR during the cold pressor test (CPT, a sympathoexcitatory maneuver) are attenuated during passive heating and exacerbated after cooling recovery. Twenty-four healthy adults (22 ± 2 yr; 12 women, 12 men) completed CPTs at normothermic baseline, after passive heating to a rise in core temperature of ~1.2°C, and after cooling recovery when core temperature returned to ~0.2°C above normothermic baseline. Blood velocity was measured by Doppler ultrasound in the distal segment of the right renal artery (Renal, n = 24 during thermal stress, n = 12 during CPTs) or the middle portion of a segmental artery (Segmental, n = 12). RVR was calculated as mean arterial pressure divided by renal or segmental blood velocity. RVR increased at the end of CPT during normothermic baseline in both arteries (Renal: by 1.0 ± 1.0 mmHg·cm−1·s, Segmental: by 2.2 ± 1.2 mmHg·cm−1·s, P ≤ 0.03), and these increases were abolished with passive heating ( P ≥ 0.76). At the end of cooling recovery, RVR in both arteries to the CPT was restored to that of normothermic baseline ( P ≤ 0.17). These data show that increases in RVR to sympathetic activation during passive heating are attenuated and return to that of normothermic baseline after cooling recovery. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our data indicate that increases in renal vascular resistance to the cold pressor test (i.e., sympathetic activation) are attenuated during passive heating, but at the end of cooling recovery this response returns to that of normothermic baseline. Importantly, hemodynamic responses were assessed in arteries going to (renal artery) and within (segmental artery) the kidney, which has not been previously examined in the same study during thermal and/or sympathetic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Chapman
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Julia M. Benati
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Blair D. Johnson
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Nicole T. Vargas
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Penelope C. Lema
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Zachary J. Schlader
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health–Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
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Chapman CL, Benati JM, Vargas NT, Johnson BD, Lema PC, Schlader ZJ. Extra- And Intra- Renal Vascular Responses To Sympathetic Activation Are Not Modified Following Cooling Recovery. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000560902.91629.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Schlader ZJ, Chapman CL, Benati JM, Gideon EA, Vargas NT, Lema PC, Johnson BD. Renal Hemodynamics During Sympathetic Activation Following Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1928. [PMID: 30687130 PMCID: PMC6335335 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypotheses that prior aerobic (Study 1) or anaerobic (Study 2) exercise attenuates the increase in renal vascular resistance (RVR) during sympathetic stimulation. Ten healthy young adults (5 females) participated in both Study 1 (aerobic exercise) and Study 2 (anaerobic exercise). In Study 1, subjects completed three minutes of face cooling pre- and post- 30 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise (68 ± 1% estimate maximal heart rate). In Study 2, subjects completed two minutes of the cold pressor test pre- and post- the completion of a 30 s maximal effort cycling test (Wingate Anaerobic Test). Both face cooling and the cold pressor test stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and elevate RVR. The primary dependent variable in both Studies was renal blood velocity, which was measured at baseline and every minute during sympathetic stimulation. Renal blood velocity was measured via the coronal approach at the distal segment of the right renal artery with pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound. RVR was calculated from the quotient of mean arterial pressure and renal blood velocity. In Study 1, renal blood velocity and RVR did not differ between pre- and post- aerobic exercise (P ≥ 0.24). Face cooling decreased renal blood velocity (P < 0.01) and the magnitude of this decrease did not differ between pre- and post- aerobic exercise (P = 0.52). RVR increased with face cooling (P < 0.01) and the extent of these increases did not differ between pre- and post- aerobic exercise (P = 0.74). In Study 2, renal blood velocity was 2 ± 2 cm/s lower post- anaerobic exercise (P = 0.02), but RVR did not differ (P = 0.08). The cold pressor test decreased renal blood velocity (P < 0.01) and the magnitude of this decrease did not differ between pre- and post- anaerobic exercise (P = 0.26). RVR increased with the cold pressor test (P < 0.01) and the extent of these increases did not differ between pre- and post- anaerobic exercise (P = 0.12). These data indicate that 30 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise or 30 s of maximal effort anaerobic exercise does not affect the capacity to increase RVR during sympathetic stimulation following exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Schlader
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Christopher L Chapman
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Julia M Benati
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Gideon
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Nicole T Vargas
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Penelope C Lema
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Blair D Johnson
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Benati JM, Chapman CL, Johnson BD, Lema PC, Gideon EA, Abdul‐Rashed JL, Solis FE, Schlader ZJ. Measurement of Renal Hemodynamics by Doppler Ultrasound during Sympathetic Activation while Heat Stressed. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.lb254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Benati
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNY
| | | | - Blair D Johnson
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNY
| | - Penelope C Lema
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNY
| | - Elizabeth A Gideon
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNY
| | | | - Fernando E Solis
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNY
| | - Zachary J Schlader
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNY
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