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Skhirtladze L, Keruckiene R, Bezvikonnyi O, Mahmoudi M, Volyniuk D, Leitonas K, Ghasemi M, Simokaitiene J, Nasir FHA, Ariffin A, Grazulevicius JV. Switching thermally activated delayed fluorescence to room temperature phosphorescence for oxygen sensing: Effect of donor substituents of trifluoromethylphenyl. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 306:123531. [PMID: 37890326 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Two compounds consisting of electron-accepting trifluoromethylphenyl moiety and electron-donating phenoxazine and phenothiazine moieties were designed and synthesized via Buchwald-Hartwig coupling reaction. Thermal, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of the compounds are discussed. Only compound with phenothiazine form molecular glass, with glass transition temperatures of 90 °C. The geometry and electronic characteristics of the compounds were substantiated within density functional theory (DFT). 10,10'-(2-(Trifluoromethyl)-1,4-phenylene)bis(10H-phenoxazine) shows efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence with high spin-orbit coupling values. 10,10'-(2-(Trifluoromethyl)-1,4-phenylene)bis(10H-phenothiazine) as efficient room-temperature phosphor shows high oxygen sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levani Skhirtladze
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Rasa Keruckiene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu˛ st. 50, LT-51369 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Malek Mahmoudi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Karolis Leitonas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Melika Ghasemi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurate Simokaitiene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Farah Hannan Abd Nasir
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre (LDMRC), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Ariffin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
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2
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Keruckiene R, Guzauskas M, Volyniuk D, da Silva Filho DA, Sini G, Grazulevicius JV. Computational and spectral analysis of derivatives of 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine and 10-Phenyl-10H-phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide with hybridized local and charge-transfer excited states for optoelectronic applications. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 303:123200. [PMID: 37549458 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to combine the advantages of both prompt fluorescence and thermally activated delayed fluorescence in single emitter, molecular design of emitters with hybridized locally excited and charge transfer states were investigated by computational approaches and optical spectroscopy. Taking into account the results of the theoretical screening, the most promising derivatives of 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine and 10-phenyl-10H-phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide based with the different linking topology (meta- and para-isomers) were selected for the synthesis and experimental investigations. Both the compounds exhibit ultraviolet LE emission peaking at ca. 360 nm, green ICT peaking at ca. 510 nm, and deep-blue HLCT emission peaking at ca. 430 nm when they are molecularly dispersed in the solid media of the different polarity. The developed emitters allow to obtain deep-blue electroluminescence for the host-containing OLEDs and green electroluminescence of host-free devices with the efficiency of exciton production of 42 and 73%, respectively. Efficient exciton production is due to the spin-flip switching via thermally activated processes which is much more efficient than prompt fluorescence. Showing the impact of the linking topology, the para-isomer demonstrated more efficient triplet harvesting in OLEDs than meta-isomer. A detailed discussion on the structure-property relationships and on some discrepancies between the results of the results of theoretical calculations and spectral analysis allows to obtain important insights on the photophysical properties of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Keruckiene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - M Guzauskas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - D Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Demetrio A da Silva Filho
- Institute for Advanced Studies, CY Cergy Paris Université, 1 rue Descartes, 95000 Neuville-sur-Oise, France; Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, 70919-970 Brasilia, Brazil; Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, CY Paris Cergy Université, EA 2528, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, Cergy-Pontoise Cedex 95031, France
| | - G Sini
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, CY Paris Cergy Université, EA 2528, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, Cergy-Pontoise Cedex 95031, France.
| | - J V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania.
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3
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Danyliv I, Ivaniuk K, Danyliv Y, Helzhynskyy I, Andruleviciene V, Volyniuk D, Stakhira P, Baryshnikov GV, Grazulevicius JV. Derivatives of 2-Pyridone Exhibiting Hot-Exciton TADF for Sky-Blue and White OLEDs. ACS Appl Electron Mater 2023; 5:4174-4186. [PMID: 37637972 PMCID: PMC10449007 DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.3c00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Development of emissive materials for utilization in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) remains a highly relevant research field. One of the most important aspects in the development of efficient emitters for OLEDs is the efficiency of triplet-to-singlet exciton conversion. There are many concepts proposed for the transformation of triplet excitons to singlet excitons, among which thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) is the most efficient and widespread. One of the variations of the TADF concept is the hot exciton approach according to which the process of exciton relaxation into the lowest energy electronic state (internal conversion as usual) is slower than intersystem crossing between high-lying singlets and triplets. In this paper, we present the donor-acceptor materials based on 2-pyridone acceptor coupled to the different donor moieties through the phenyl linker demonstrating good performance as components of sky-blue, green-yellow, and white OLEDs. Despite relatively low photoluminescence quantum yields, the compound containing 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine donor demonstrated very good efficiency in sky-blue OLED with the single emissive layer, which showed an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.7%. It also forms a green-yellow-emitting exciplex with 4,4',4″-tris[phenyl(m-tolyl)amino]triphenylamine. The corresponding OLED showed an EQE of 6.9%. The white OLED combining both exciplex and single emitter layers demonstrated an EQE of 9.8% together with excellent current and power efficiencies of 16.1 cd A-1 and 6.9 lm W-1, respectively. Quantum-chemical calculations together with the analysis of photoluminescence decay curves confirm the ability of all of the studied compounds to exhibit TADF through the hot exciton pathway, but the limiting factor reducing the efficiency of OLEDs is the low photoluminescence quantum yields caused mainly by nonradiative intersystem crossing dominating over the radiative fluorescence pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Danyliv
- Lviv
Polytechnic National University, Stepan Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Khrystyna Ivaniuk
- Lviv
Polytechnic National University, Stepan Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Yan Danyliv
- Lviv
Polytechnic National University, Stepan Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Igor Helzhynskyy
- Lviv
Polytechnic National University, Stepan Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Viktorija Andruleviciene
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsauskas str. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsauskas str. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Pavlo Stakhira
- Lviv
Polytechnic National University, Stepan Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Glib V. Baryshnikov
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- Department
of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsauskas str. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
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4
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Macionis S, Gudeika D, Volyniuk D, Mahmoudi M, Simokaitiene J, Andruleviciene V, Najafov M, Sadzeviciene R, Stoncius S, Grazulevicius JV. Effect of Substituents with the Different Electron-Donating Abilities on Optoelectronic Properties of Bipolar Thioxanthone Derivatives. ACS Appl Electron Mater 2023; 5:2227-2238. [PMID: 37124238 PMCID: PMC10134433 DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.3c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and optoelectronic properties of four simple-structure thioxanthone derivatives employing thioxanthone as an acceptor unit, coupled with moieties having very different electron-donating abilities such as phenoxazine, 3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazole, 3,7-di-tert-butylphenothiazine, or 2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethylacridane, are reported. The compounds form molecular glasses with glass transition temperatures reaching 116 °C. Ionization potentials of the compounds estimated by photoelectron emission method range from 5.42 to 5.74 eV. Thioxanthone derivatives containing 3,6-tert-butylcarbazole or 2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethylacridane moieties with weak electron-donating strengths were characterized by bipolar charge transport with relatively close hole and electron mobility values of 6.8 × 10-5/2.4 × 10-5 and 3.1 × 10-5/4.6 × 10-6 cm2/(V s) recorded at 3.6 × 105 V/cm. The other compounds demonstrated hole-transporting properties. The films of thioxanthones containing phenoxazine or 2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethylacridane moieties showed efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence with a photoluminescence quantum yield of up to 50% due to the solid-state luminescence enhancement. Organic-light-emitting diodes containing the synthesized compounds as emitters showed very different external quantum efficiencies (0.9-10.3%) and blue, sky blue, green, or yellow electroluminescence colors, thus reflecting the effects of donor substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simas Macionis
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalius Gudeika
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Malek Mahmoudi
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurate Simokaitiene
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Andruleviciene
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Murad Najafov
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rita Sadzeviciene
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Center for Physical
Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sigitas Stoncius
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Center for Physical
Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Email
for J.V.G.:
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5
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Masimukku N, Mahmoudi M, Volyniuk D, Dabuliene A, Macionis S, Matulis V, Lyakhov D, Grazulevicius JV. Molecular glasses based on 1,8-naphthalimide and triphenylamine moieties as bipolar red fluorescent OLED emitters with conventional versus TADF hosting. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 288:122185. [PMID: 36481536 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Three new donor-acceptor molecular glasses were designed and synthesized linking 1,8-naphthalimide and triphenylamino groups though the different bridges. The comprehensive characterization of the compounds was carried out using theoretical and experimental approaches. The compounds showed efficient orange-red emission in solid state with photoluminescence intensity maxima in the range of 584-654 nm. The compounds showed extremely high thermal stability with 5 % weight loss temperatures up to 477 °C. They formed molecular glasses with glass-transition temperatures in the range of 161-186 °C. The fabricated organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on the developed emitters and conventional host showed maximum external quantum efficiency of 2.5 % in the best case. This value was increased up to 4.7 % by the usage of the host exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). OLED containing the TADF host displayed orange emission peaking at 589 nm with colour coordinates x of 0.53 and y of 0.45 combined with power efficiency of 6.7 lm·W-1 and current efficiency of 11.8 cd·A-1. Time-resolved electroluminescence technique was used to study the effect of the different guest-host systems on exciton utilization efficiency in devices based on the same emitter exhibiting prompt fluorescence and on the conventional or TADF hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Masimukku
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Malek Mahmoudi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Asta Dabuliene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Simas Macionis
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | | | - Dmitry Lyakhov
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania.
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6
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Skhirtladze L, Bezvikonnyi O, Keruckienė R, Dvylys L, Mahmoudi M, Labanauskas L, Ariffin A, Grazulevicius JV. Derivatives of Pyridazine with Phenoxazine and 9,9-Dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine Donor Moieties Exhibiting Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1294. [PMID: 36770299 PMCID: PMC9919726 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two compounds based on pyridazine as the acceptor core and 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine or phenoxazine donor moieties were designed and synthesized by Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction. The electronic, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of the compounds were studied by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), photoluminescence spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and cyclic voltammetry. The compounds are characterized by high thermal stabilities. Their 5% weight loss temperatures are 314 and 336 °C. Complete weight loss of both pyridazine-based compounds was detected by TGA, indicating sublimation. The derivative of pyridazine and 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine is capable of glass formation. Its glass transition temperature is 80 °C. The geometries and electronic characteristics of the compounds were substantiated using density functional theory (DFT). The compounds exhibited emission from the intramolecular charge transfer state manifested by positive solvatochromism. The emission in the range of 534-609 nm of the toluene solutions of the compounds is thermally activated delayed fluorescence with lifetimes of 93 and 143 ns, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levani Skhirtladze
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51369 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rasa Keruckienė
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lukas Dvylys
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Malek Mahmoudi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Linas Labanauskas
- Center for Physical Sciences & Technology, Department of Organic Chemistry, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Azhar Ariffin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
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7
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Bucinskas A, Bezvikonnyi O, Durgaryan R, Volyniuk DY, Tomkeviciene A, Grazulevicius JV. New m-MTDATA skeleton-based hole transporting materials for multi-resonant TADF OLEDs. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:27847-27855. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03811k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Six new hole transporting materials based on commercially available m-MTDATA core were synthesized by introducing different electron donating groups, such as methoxy, ethoxy and dimethylamino. To achieve the target compounds...
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8
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Simokaitiene J, Cekaviciute M, Baucyte K, Volyniuk D, Durgaryan R, Molina D, Yang B, Suo J, Kim Y, Filho DAS, Hagfeldt A, Sini G, Grazulevicius JV. Interfacial versus Bulk Properties of Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells: Isomeric Triphenylamine-Based Enamines versus Spiro-OMeTAD. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:21320-21330. [PMID: 33914514 PMCID: PMC8289195 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report on three new triphenylamine-based enamines synthesized by condensation of an appropriate primary amine with 2,2-diphenylacetaldehyde and characterized by experimental techniques and density functional theory (DFT) computations. Experimental results allow highlighting attractive properties including solid-state ionization potential in the range of 5.33-5.69 eV in solid-state and hole mobilities exceeding 10-3 cm2/V·s, which are higher than those in spiro-OMeTAD at the same electric fields. DFT-based analysis points to the presence of several conformers close in energy at room temperature. The newly synthesized hole-transporting materials (HTMs) were used in perovskite solar cells and exhibited performances comparable to that of spiro-OMeTAD. The device containing one newly synthesized hole-transporting enamine was characterized by a power conversion efficiency of 18.4%. Our analysis indicates that the perovskite-HTM interface dominates the properties of perovskite solar cells. PL measurements indicate smaller efficiency for perovskite-to-new HTM hole transfer as compared to spiro-OMeTAD. Nevertheless, the comparable power conversion efficiencies and simple synthesis of the new compounds make them attractive candidates for utilization in perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurate Simokaitiene
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu Road 19, LT, 50245 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Monika Cekaviciute
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu Road 19, LT, 50245 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Baucyte
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu Road 19, LT, 50245 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu Road 19, LT, 50245 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ranush Durgaryan
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu Road 19, LT, 50245 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Desiré Molina
- Department
of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photomolecular Science Institute of Chemical
Sciences Engineering, École Polytechnique
Federale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Área
de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Bowen Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photomolecular Science Institute of Chemical
Sciences Engineering, École Polytechnique
Federale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jiajia Suo
- Department
of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photomolecular Science Institute of Chemical
Sciences Engineering, École Polytechnique
Federale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - YeonJu Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photomolecular Science Institute of Chemical
Sciences Engineering, École Polytechnique
Federale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Demetrio Antonio
da Silva Filho
- Laboratoire
de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, EA 2528, CY Cergy Paris Université, 5 mail Gay Lussac, 95031 Cergy Pontoise Cedex, France
- Institute
for Advanced Studies, University of Cergy-Pontoise, 1 rue Descartes, 95000 Neuville-sur-Oise, France
- Institute
of Physics, University of Brasilia, 70919-970 Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Department
of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photomolecular Science Institute of Chemical
Sciences Engineering, École Polytechnique
Federale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gjergji Sini
- Laboratoire
de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, EA 2528, CY Cergy Paris Université, 5 mail Gay Lussac, 95031 Cergy Pontoise Cedex, France
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu Road 19, LT, 50245 Kaunas, Lithuania
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9
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Zarins E, Pervenecka J, Misina E, Bezvikonnyi O, Vembris A, Balodis K, Volyniuk D, Grazulevicius JV, Kokars V. HAPPY Dyes as Light Amplification Media in Thin Films. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3213-3222. [PMID: 33512162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1H amorphous tri-phenyl pyridine (HAPPY) dyes have been synthesized from luminescent triphenyl-group-containing 2-methyl-6-styryl-substituted-4H-pyran-4-ylidene derivatives in reactions with benzylamine and investigated for suitability as solution-processable light-emitting medium components in thin films for amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). Conversion of a 4H-pyrane ring into a 1H-pyridine fragment enables aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) behavior in the target products and slightly increases thermal stability, glass transition temperatures, and ASE efficiency with PLQY up to 15% and ASE thresholds as low as 46 μJ/cm2 in neat spin-cast films, although thermal and photophysical properties are mostly dominated by the incorporated electron acceptors. Continued lasing parameter efficiency parameter improvement experiments revealed that no further optimization of HAPPY dyes by doping in polymer matrixes is required as the amplified spontaneous emission thresholds were lowest in pure neat films due to the AIEE phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmars Zarins
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, 3/7 Paul Walden Street, Riga LV-1048, Latvia.,Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, Riga LV-1063, Latvia
| | - Julija Pervenecka
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, Riga LV-1063, Latvia
| | - Elina Misina
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, 3/7 Paul Walden Street, Riga LV-1048, Latvia
| | - Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Aivars Vembris
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, Riga LV-1063, Latvia
| | - Karlis Balodis
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, 3/7 Paul Walden Street, Riga LV-1048, Latvia
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Valdis Kokars
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, 3/7 Paul Walden Street, Riga LV-1048, Latvia
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10
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Sych G, Pashazadeh R, Danyliv Y, Bezvikonnyi O, Volyniuk D, Lazauskas A, Grazulevicius JV. Reversibly Switchable Phase-Dependent Emission of Quinoline and Phenothiazine Derivatives towards Applications in Optical Sensing and Information Multicoding. Chemistry 2021; 27:2826-2836. [PMID: 33140873 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Three new quinoline and di-tert-butyl phenothiazine isomeric derivatives were synthesized and characterized towards applications for oxygen sensing and optical information multicoding. The compounds with phenylene linker showed outstanding phase-dependent reversibility between ON/OFF states (low and high emission intensity, drastic shifting of emission colors, short- and long-lived fluorescence) in systematic grinding/fuming cycles, as required for multichannel memory devices based on optical information multicoding. The conformational diversity of the phenothiazine unit resulted in dual emission of the doped films implemented by the different luminescence mechanisms with peaks located at 414/530, 416/540, and 440/582 nm. The presence of a phenylene linker and thus two rotational degrees of freedom resulted in quenching of the delayed fluorescence of quasi-equatorial conformers in the solid state. The compound containing no phenylene bridge was characterized by two different driving photoluminescence mechanisms of the doped films: short fluorescence of the quasi-axial conformer and thermally activated delayed fluorescence of the quasi-equatorial form. This compound showed oxygen sensitivity with a Stern-Volmer constant of 7.5×10-4 ppm-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Galyna Sych
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ramin Pashazadeh
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Yan Danyliv
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Lazauskas
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko St. 59, 51423, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
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11
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Obrezkov FA, Dashitsyrenova DD, Lvov AG, Volyniuk DY, Shirinian VZ, Stadler P, Grazulevicius JV, Sariciftci NS, Aldoshin SM, Krayushkin MM, Troshin PA. Light-Sensitive Material Structure-Electrical Performance Relationship for Optical Memory Transistors Incorporating Photochromic Dihetarylethenes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:32987-32993. [PMID: 32583660 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photoswitchable organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with embedded photochromic materials are considered as a promising platform for development of organic optical memory devices. Unfortunately, the operational mechanism of these devices and guidelines for selection of light-sensitive materials are still poorly explored. In the present work, a series of photochromic dihetarylethenes with a cyclopentenone bridge moiety were investigated as a dielectric/semiconductor interlayer in the structure of photoswitchable OFETs. It was shown that the electrical performance and stability of the devices can be tuned by variation of the substituents in the structure of the photochromic material. In particular, it was found that dihetarylethenes with donor substituents demonstrated the best light-induced switching effects (wider memory windows and higher switching coefficients) in the devices. The operation mechanism of the light-triggered memory devices was proposed based on the differential in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy data and regression analysis of the threshold voltage-programming time experimental dependencies. The established relationships will facilitate further rational design of new photochromic materials, thus paving a way to fast and durable organic optical memories and memory transistors (memristors).
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipp A Obrezkov
- Center for Energy Science and Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Street 3, Moscow 143026, Russia
| | - Dolgor D Dashitsyrenova
- Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Science, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Andrey G Lvov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Science, Leninskiy Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmytro Y Volyniuk
- Kaunas University of Technology (KTU), K. Donelaičio g. 73, Kaunas 44249, Lithuania
| | - Valerii Z Shirinian
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Science, Leninskiy Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Philipp Stadler
- Linz institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz 4040, Austria
| | | | - Niyazi S Sariciftci
- Linz institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Sergey M Aldoshin
- Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Science, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Krayushkin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Science, Leninskiy Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel A Troshin
- Center for Energy Science and Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Street 3, Moscow 143026, Russia
- Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Science, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
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12
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Keruckiene R, Vekteryte S, Urbonas E, Guzauskas M, Skuodis E, Volyniuk D, Grazulevicius JV. Synthesis and properties of quinazoline-based versatile exciplex-forming compounds. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1142-1153. [PMID: 32550929 PMCID: PMC7277797 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Three compounds, bearing a quinazoline unit as the acceptor core and carbazole, dimethyldihydroacridine, or phenothiazine donor moieties, were designed and synthesized in two steps including a facile copper-catalyzed cyclization and a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The photophysical properties of the compounds, based on theoretical calculations and experimental measurements, as well as the electrochemical and thermal properties, are discussed. The synthesized compounds form glasses with glass-transition temperatures ranging from 116 °C to 123 °C. The ionization potentials estimated by cyclic voltammetry of the derivatives were in the range of 5.22–5.87 eV. The 3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazole-substituted quinazoline-based compound forms a sky-blue emitting exciplex in solid mixture with the acceptor 2,4,6-tris[3-(diphenylphosphinyl)phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine as well as an orange emitting exciplex with the donor 4,4′,4″-tris[3-methylphenyl(phenyl)amino]triphenylamine. A white OLED based on these versatile exciplex systems with a relatively high maximum brightness of 3030 cd/m2 and an external quantum efficiency of 0.5% was fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Keruckiene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Simona Vekteryte
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Ervinas Urbonas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Matas Guzauskas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Eigirdas Skuodis
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
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13
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Masimukku N, Gudeika D, Bezvikonnyi O, Syvorotka I, Keruckiene R, Volyniuk D, Grazulevicius JV. Aryl-substituted acridanes as hosts for TADF-based OLEDs. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:989-1000. [PMID: 32509030 PMCID: PMC7237810 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Four aryl-substituted acridan derivatives were designed, synthesized and characterized as electroactive materials for organic light emitting diodes based on emitters exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence. These compounds possessed relatively high thermal stability with glass-transition temperatures being in the range of 79–97 °C. The compounds showed oxidation bands arising from acridanyl groups in the range of 0.31–038 V. Ionization potentials of the solid films ranged from 5.39 to 5.62 eV. The developed materials were characterized by triplet energies higher than 2.5 eV. The layer of 10-ethyl-9,9-dimethyl-2,7-di(naphthalen-1-yl)-9,10-dihydroacridine demonstrated hole mobilities reaching10−3 cm2/V·s at electric fields higher then ca. 2.5 × 105 V/cm. The selected compounds were used as hosts in electroluminescent devices which demonstrated maximum external quantum efficiencies up to 3.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Masimukku
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalius Gudeika
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ihor Syvorotka
- Scientific Research Company "Electron-Carat", 202 Stryska Str. 79031, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Rasa Keruckiene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
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14
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Potopnyk MA, Volyniuk D, Luboradzki R, Ceborska M, Hladka I, Danyliv Y, Grazulevicius JV. Organolithium-Mediated Postfunctionalization of Thiazolo[3,2- c][1,3,5,2]oxadiazaborinine Fluorescent Dyes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6060-6072. [PMID: 32271020 PMCID: PMC7590982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An effective method for transition-metal-free postfunctionalization of thiazolo[3,2-c][1,3,5,2]oxadiazaborinine dyes via direct lithiation of the 1,3-thiazole ring was developed. The reaction allows valuable regioselective C-H modification of these N,O-chelated organoboron chromophores incorporating different groups, including C-, Hal-, Si-, S-, Se-, and Sn-substituents. As a result, a library of novel fluorescent 1,3-thiazole-based organoboron complexes has been synthesized and characterized. The influence of the donor/acceptor strength of the substituent E on the photophysical properties has been established. The compound with a bulky lipophilic substituent (SnBu3) exhibits a relatively high solid-state photoluminescence quantum yield of 44%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhaylo A Potopnyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Barsausko 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Roman Luboradzki
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ceborska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iryna Hladka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Barsausko 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Yan Danyliv
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Barsausko 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Barsausko 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
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15
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Vigante B, Leitonas K, Volyniuk D, Andruleviciene V, Simokaitiene J, Ivanova A, Bucinskas A, Grazulevicius JV, Arsenyan P. Synthesis of Linear and V-Shaped Carbazolyl-Substituted Pyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles Exhibiting Efficient Bipolar Charge Transport and E-Type Fluorescence. Chemistry 2019; 25:3325-3336. [PMID: 30536688 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of developing all-organic bipolar semiconductors with high charge mobility and efficient E-type fluorescence (so-called TADF) as environmentally friendly light-emitting materials for optoelectronic applications, four noble metals-free dyes with linear and V-shapes were designed using accepting pyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile and donating carbazole units. By exploiting a donor-acceptor design strategy and using moieties with different donating and accepting abilities, TADF emitters with a wide variety of molecular weights were synthesized to achieve the optimum combination of charge-transporting and fluorescent properties in one TADF molecule. Depending on molecule structures, different TADF emitters capable of emitting in the range from 453 to 550 nm with photoluminescence quantum yields up to 98 % for the solutions in oxygen-free toluene were obtained. All compounds showed bipolar charge-transport. Hole mobility of 2.8×10-3 cm2 /Vs at 7×105 V cm-1 was observed for the compound containing two di-tert-butyl-substituted carbazole moieties. The compounds were tested in both non-doped and doped organic light-emitting diodes using different hosts. It was shown that the developed TADF emitters are suitable for different color devices with electroluminescence ranging from blue to yellow and with brightness, maximum current and external quantum efficiencies exceeding 10 000 cd m-2 , 15 cd/A, and 7 %, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigita Vigante
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Karolis Leitonas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Andruleviciene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurate Simokaitiene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Anna Ivanova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Audrius Bucinskas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pavel Arsenyan
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
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16
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Butkute R, Peciulyte L, Lygaitis R, Gudeika D, Buika G, Grazulevicius JV. Phenanthroimidazole-based monomers: synthesis, properties and self-polymerization. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Grybauskaite-Kaminskiene G, Volyniuk D, Mimaite V, Bezvikonnyi O, Bucinskas A, Bagdziunas G, Grazulevicius JV. Aggregation-Enhanced Emission and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence of Derivatives of 9-Phenyl-9H
-Carbazole: Effects of Methoxy and tert
-Butyl Substituents. Chemistry 2018; 24:9581-9591. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 LT-50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Mimaite
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 LT-50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 LT-50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Audrius Bucinskas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 LT-50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Gintautas Bagdziunas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 LT-50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 LT-50254 Kaunas Lithuania
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18
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Pashazadeh R, Pander P, Lazauskas A, Dias FB, Grazulevicius JV. Multicolor Luminescence Switching and Controllable Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Turn on/Turn off in Carbazole-Quinoxaline-Carbazole Triads. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:1172-1177. [PMID: 29457902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a series of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules with mechanochromic luminescence properties and reversible TADF turn on/off properties in solid state that are induced by the transition between amorphous and crystalline states. Additionally, multicolor altering through external stimulus is demonstrated. All of the studied compounds exhibited recovery of the initial states associated with narrower emission spectra. TADF organic light-emitting diodes fabricated by solution processing rendered high external quantum efficiency up to 10.9% and luminance of 16 760 cd m-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Pashazadeh
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania
| | - Piotr Pander
- Department of Physics, University of Durham , South Road, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Algirdas Lazauskas
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology , Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania
| | - Fernando B Dias
- Department of Physics, University of Durham , South Road, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania
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19
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Bezvikonnyi O, Gudeika D, Volyniuk D, Grazulevicius JV, Bagdziunas G. Pyrenyl substituted 1,8-naphthalimide as a new material for weak efficiency-roll-off red OLEDs: a theoretical and experimental study. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01866a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the theoretical calculations of semiconducting properties, a new derivative ImPy for red OLEDs has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi
- Santaka Valley
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
- Experimental Physics Department
| | - Dalius Gudeika
- Santaka Valley
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
- Institute of Solid State Physics
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Santaka Valley
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | | | - Gintautas Bagdziunas
- Department of Material Science and Electrical Engineering
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology
- Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry
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20
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Pashazadeh R, Pander P, Bucinskas A, Skabara PJ, Dias FB, Grazulevicius JV. An iminodibenzyl–quinoxaline–iminodibenzyl scaffold as a mechanochromic and dual emitter: donor and bridge effects on optical properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:13857-13860. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06981f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dual emission (TADF + RTP) and mechanochromism have been obtained using an iminodibenzyl–quinoxaline–iminodibenzyl scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Pashazadeh
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Piotr Pander
- Department of Physics
- University of Durham
- Durham
- UK
| | - Audrius Bucinskas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Peter J. Skabara
- WestCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of Glasgow
- Glasgow G12 8QQ
- UK
| | | | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
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21
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Kukhta NA, Matulaitis T, Volyniuk D, Ivaniuk K, Turyk P, Stakhira P, Grazulevicius JV, Monkman AP. Deep-Blue High-Efficiency TTA OLED Using Para- and Meta-Conjugated Cyanotriphenylbenzene and Carbazole Derivatives as Emitter and Host. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:6199-6205. [PMID: 29227664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Elaboration of the appropriate host materials proved to be not less important for the fabrication of a highly efficient OLED than the design of emitters. In the present work, we show how by simple variation of molecular structure both blue emitters exhibiting delayed fluorescence and ambipolar high triplet energy hosts can be obtained. The compounds with a para-junction revealed higher thermal stability (TID up to 480 °C), lower ionization potentials (5.51-5.60 eV), exclusively hole transport, and higher photoluminescence quantum efficiencies (0.90-0.97). Meta-linkage leads to ambipolar charge transport and higher triplet energies (2.82 eV). Introduction of the accepting nitrile groups in the para-position induces intensive delayed fluorescence via a triplet-triplet annihilation up-conversion mechanism. By utilization of the para-substituted derivative as an emitter and the meta-substituted isomer as the host, a deep-blue OLED with the external quantum efficiency of 14.1% was fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadzeya A Kukhta
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Khrystyna Ivaniuk
- Lviv Polytechnic National University , S. Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Turyk
- Lviv Polytechnic National University , S. Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Stakhira
- Lviv Polytechnic National University , S. Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Andrew P Monkman
- Department of Physics, Durham University , South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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22
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Resta V, Camposeo A, Montinaro M, Moffa M, Kazlauskas K, Jursenas S, Tomkeviciene A, Grazulevicius JV, Pisignano D. Nanoparticle-doped electrospun fiber random lasers with spatially extended light modes. Opt Express 2017; 25:24604-24614. [PMID: 29041405 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.024604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Complex assemblies of light-emitting polymer nanofibers with molecular materials exhibiting optical gain can lead to important advance to amorphous photonics and to random laser science and devices. In disordered mats of nanofibers, multiple scattering and waveguiding might interplay to determine localization or spreading of optical modes as well as correlation effects. Here we study electrospun fibers embedding a lasing fluorene-carbazole-fluorene molecule and doped with titania nanoparticles, which exhibit random lasing with sub-nm spectral width and threshold of about 9 mJ cm-2 for the absorbed excitation fluence. We focus on the spatial and spectral behavior of optical modes in the disordered and non-woven networks, finding evidence for the presence of modes with very large spatial extent, up to the 100 µm-scale. These findings suggest emission coupling into integrated nanofiber transmission channels as effective mechanism for enhancing spectral selectivity in random lasers and correlations of light modes in the complex and disordered material.
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23
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Vasilenko IV, Vaitusionak AA, Sutaite J, Tomkeviciene A, Ostrauskaite J, Grazulevicius JV, Kostjuk SV. Simultaneous step-growth and chain-growth cationic polymerization of styrenic monomers bearing carbazolyl groups. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Korychenska O, Guzmán D, Serra À, Ramis X, Grazulevicius JV. Fluorescent thiol-epoxy thermosets obtained from diglycidylether of bisphenol A and carbazole based diepoxy monomer. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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25
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Chapran M, Angioni E, Findlay NJ, Breig B, Cherpak V, Stakhira P, Tuttle T, Volyniuk D, Grazulevicius JV, Nastishin YA, Lavrentovich OD, Skabara PJ. An Ambipolar BODIPY Derivative for a White Exciplex OLED and Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Laser toward Multifunctional Devices. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:4750-4757. [PMID: 28078885 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new interface engineering method is demonstrated for the preparation of an efficient white organic light-emitting diode (WOLED) by embedding an ultrathin layer of the novel ambipolar red emissive compound 4,4-difluoro-2,6-di(4-hexylthiopen-2-yl)-1,3,5,7,8-pentamethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (bThBODIPY) in the exciplex formation region. The compound shows a hole and electron mobility of 3.3 × 10-4 and 2 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively, at electric fields higher than 5.3 × 105 V cm-1. The resulting WOLED exhibited a maximum luminance of 6579 cd m-2 with CIE 1931 color coordinates (0.39; 0.35). The bThBODIPY dye is also demonstrated to be an effective laser dye for a cholesteric liquid crystal (ChLC) laser. New construction of the ChLC laser, by which a flat capillary with an optically isotropic dye solution is sandwiched between two dye-free ChLC cells, provides photonic lasing at a wavelength well matched with that of a dye-doped planar ChLC cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Chapran
- Department of Molecular Physics, Lodz University of Technology , Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, S. Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Enrico Angioni
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Neil J Findlay
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Benjamin Breig
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Vladyslav Cherpak
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Pavlo Stakhira
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, S. Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Tell Tuttle
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Radvilenu Plentas 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Radvilenu Plentas 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Yuriy A Nastishin
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Oleg D Lavrentovich
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Peter J Skabara
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
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26
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Reig M, Bagdziunas G, Volyniuk D, Grazulevicius JV, Velasco D. Tuning the ambipolar charge transport properties of tricyanovinyl-substituted carbazole-based materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:6721-6730. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08078b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ambipolar charge transport properties of a series of push–pull carbazole-based semiconductors are here evaluated. The ambipolar characteristics depend on the supramolecular organization. Experimental results were confirmed and justified through the X-ray analysis of single crystals and by theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Reig
- Grup de Materials Orgànics
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB)
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica
- Secció de Química Orgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
| | - Gintautas Bagdziunas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
- Department of Material Science and Electrical Engineering
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Dolores Velasco
- Grup de Materials Orgànics
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB)
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica
- Secció de Química Orgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
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27
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Ivanauskaite A, Lygaitis R, Raisys S, Kazlauskas K, Kreiza G, Volyniuk D, Gudeika D, Jursenas S, Grazulevicius JV. Structure–property relationship of blue solid state emissive phenanthroimidazole derivatives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02248d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole derivatives featuring multifunctional properties of ambipolar transport have been synthesized, a deep blue emission with high fluorescence quantum yield is observed, and the formation of thermally stable molecular glass is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agne Ivanauskaite
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Ramunas Lygaitis
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Steponas Raisys
- Institute of Applied Research
- Vilnius University
- LT-10257 Vilnius
- Lithuania
| | - Karolis Kazlauskas
- Institute of Applied Research
- Vilnius University
- LT-10257 Vilnius
- Lithuania
| | - Gediminas Kreiza
- Institute of Applied Research
- Vilnius University
- LT-10257 Vilnius
- Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Dalius Gudeika
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Saulius Jursenas
- Institute of Applied Research
- Vilnius University
- LT-10257 Vilnius
- Lithuania
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
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28
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Reig M, Gozálvez C, Jankauskas V, Gaidelis V, Grazulevicius JV, Fajarí L, Juliá L, Velasco D. Stable All-Organic Radicals with Ambipolar Charge Transport. Chemistry 2016; 22:18551-18558. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Reig
- Grup de Materials Orgànics; Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica; Secció de Química Orgànica; Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN UB); Universitat de Barcelona; Martí i Franquès, 1 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Cristian Gozálvez
- Grup de Materials Orgànics; Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica; Secció de Química Orgànica; Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN UB); Universitat de Barcelona; Martí i Franquès, 1 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Department of Solid State Electronics; Vilnius University; Sauletekio al. 9 10222 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Valentas Gaidelis
- Department of Solid State Electronics; Vilnius University; Sauletekio al. 9 10222 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Lluís Fajarí
- Departament de Química Biològica i Modelització Molecular; Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (CSIC); Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Luis Juliá
- Departament de Química Biològica i Modelització Molecular; Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (CSIC); Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Dolores Velasco
- Grup de Materials Orgànics; Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica; Secció de Química Orgànica; Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN UB); Universitat de Barcelona; Martí i Franquès, 1 08028 Barcelona Spain
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29
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Gudeika D, Sini G, Jankauskas V, Sych G, Grazulevicius JV. Synthesis and properties of the derivatives of triphenylamine and 1,8-naphthalimide with the olefinic linkages between chromophores. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24820e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Two donor–acceptor type molecules consisting of triphenylamine and 1,8-naphthalimide moieties with the olefinic linkages between chromophores were synthesized by Heck reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalius Gudeika
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Gjergji Sini
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces
- EA 2528 Université de Cergy-Pontoise
- 95031 Cergy-Pontoise
- France
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Department of Solid State Electronics
- Vilnius University
- LT-10222 Vilnius
- Lithuania
| | - Galyna Sych
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
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30
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Karon K, Lapkowski M, Dabuliene A, Tomkeviciene A, Kostiv N, Grazulevicius JV. Spectroelectrochemical characterization of conducting polymers from star-shaped carbazole-triphenylamine compounds. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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31
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Bucinskas A, Bagdziunas G, Tomkeviciene A, Volynyuk D, Kostiv N, Gudeika D, Jankauskas V, Rutkis M, Grazulevicius JV. Structure–property relationship of isomeric diphenylethenyl-disubstituted dimethoxycarbazoles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09161f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Isomeric 3,6-dimethoxy- and 2,7-dimethoxycarbazoles containing diphenylethenyl moieties were synthesized by condensation of the appropriate dimethoxycarbazoles with diphenylacetaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrius Bucinskas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Gintautas Bagdziunas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Ausra Tomkeviciene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volynyuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Nataliya Kostiv
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Dalius Gudeika
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Department of Solid State Electronics
- Vilnius University
- LT-10222 Vilnius
- Lithuania
| | - Martins Rutkis
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- University of Latvia
- Riga LV-1063
- Latvia
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology
- Kaunas University of Technology
- LT-50254 Kaunas
- Lithuania
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32
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Tomkeviciene A, Grazulevicius JV, Volyniuk D, Jankauskas V, Sini G. Structure-properties relationship of carbazole and fluorene hybrid trimers: experimental and theoretical approaches. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:13932-42. [PMID: 24897996 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00302k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and properties of fluorene and carbazole derivatives having three electrophores per molecule with different architectures are reported. The synthesized compounds possess high thermal stabilities with 5% weight loss temperatures exceeding 350 °C. They form glasses with glass transition temperatures ranging from 60 to 68 °C. Cyclovoltammetric experiments revealed the high electrochemical stability of the fluorene trimer. In contrast, 2- and 2,7-fluorenyl substituted carbazole derivatives show irreversible oxidation in the CV experiments. The electron photoemission spectra of the films of the synthesized compounds revealed ionization potentials of 5.65-5.89 eV. Hole drift mobilities in the amorphous layers of the synthesized compounds reach 10(-2) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) at high electric fields, as established by a xerographic time-of-flight technique. DFT calculations show that HOMO and LUMO orbitals of the compounds are very similar in energy and shape. The similar hole mobilities observed for the three compounds are discussed in the frame of the Marcus theory. An important influence of the alkyl groups on the ionization potentials and on the hole mobilities was also observed and its origin is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ausra Tomkeviciene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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33
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Degbia M, Schmaltz B, Bouclé J, Grazulevicius JV, Tran-Van F. Carbazole based hole transporting materials for solid state dye sensitizer solar cells: role of the methoxy groups. POLYM INT 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martial Degbia
- Université François Rabelais; Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l'Energie (PCM2E); EA 6299, Parc de Grandmont 37200 Tours France
| | - Bruno Schmaltz
- Université François Rabelais; Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l'Energie (PCM2E); EA 6299, Parc de Grandmont 37200 Tours France
| | - Johann Bouclé
- Institut XLIM UMR 7252; Université de Limoges/CNRS; 123 av. A. Thomas 87060 Limoges France
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Kaunas University of Technology; Department of Organic Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 LT-50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - François Tran-Van
- Université François Rabelais; Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l'Energie (PCM2E); EA 6299, Parc de Grandmont 37200 Tours France
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34
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Simokaitiene J, Stanislovaityte E, Grazulevicius JV, Jankauskas V, Gu R, Dehaen W, Hung YC, Hsu CP. Synthesis and Properties of Methoxyphenyl-Substituted Derivatives of Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole. J Org Chem 2012; 77:4924-31. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202677j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jurate Simokaitiene
- Department of Organic Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19,
LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Egle Stanislovaityte
- Department of Organic Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19,
LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas V. Grazulevicius
- Department of Organic Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19,
LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Department of Solid State Electronics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 9, LT-2040, Vilnius,
Lithuania
| | - Rong Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001
Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001
Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yi-Chen Hung
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec.
2 Academia Road, Taipei 115,
Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ping Hsu
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec.
2 Academia Road, Taipei 115,
Taiwan
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35
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Jou JH, Wang WB, Shen SM, Kumar S, Lai IM, Shyue JJ, Lengvinaite S, Zostautiene R, Grazulevicius JV, Grigalevicius S, Chen SZ, Wu CC. Highly efficient blue organic light-emitting diode with an oligomeric host having high triplet-energy and high electron mobility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm10609k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Reghu RR, Bisoyi HK, Grazulevicius JV, Anjukandi P, Gaidelis V, Jankauskas V. Air stable electron-transporting and ambipolar bay substituted perylene bisimides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11091h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Castellanos S, Gaidelis V, Jankauskas V, Grazulevicius JV, Brillas E, López-Calahorra F, Juliá L, Velasco D. Stable radical cores: a key for bipolar charge transport in glass forming carbazole and indole derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:5130-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc00529k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Lazauskaite R, Daskeviciene M, Getautis V, Grazulevicius JV. Cationic ring-opening polymerization of carbazolyl-containing epoxy monomers by triphenyl carbenium salts as thermal- and photolatent initiators. Monatsh Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-008-0090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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39
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Malinauskas T, Vilionskiene I, Grazulevicius JV, Getautis V, Reina JA, Sidaravicius J. Synthesis and properties of new derivatives of poly[9-(2,3-epoxypropyl)carbazole]. POLYM INT 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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40
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Stanionyte R, Buika G, Grazulevicius JV, Grigalevicius S. Synthesis and properties of oxetane monomers and oligomers with electro-active pendent groups. POLYM INT 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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Tomkeviciene A, Grazulevicius JV, Jankauskas V. High Hole Mobilities in the Amorphous Films of 2,7-Di(9-carbazolyl)-9-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole. CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2008.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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42
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Grigalevicius S, Tsai MH, Grazulevicius JV, Wu CC. Well defined carbazol-3,9-diyl based oligomers with diphenylamino end-cap as novel amorphous molecular materials for optoelectronics. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2005.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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43
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Sangermano M, Malucelli G, Priola A, Lengvinaite S, Simokaitiene J, Grazulevicius JV. Carbazole derivatives as photosensitizers in cationic photopolymerization of clear and pigmented coatings. Eur Polym J 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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44
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Ostrauskaite J, Voska V, Antulis J, Gaidelis V, Jankauskas V, Grazulevicius JV. High hole mobilities in carbazole-based glass-forming hydrazones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1039/b209732j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Simokaitiene J, Lazauskaite R, Grazulevicius JV. Photopolymerization of neopentyl glycol diglycidylether and its compositions with 9-(2-oxiranylmethyl) carbazole. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(01)00622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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