Association between Gingival Biotype and Crestal Bone Loss in Implants Placed in Anterior Maxilla

BACKGROUND

When bone loss occurs around an implant, it can cause esthetic compromise, which might affect the tissue level design. Thus, bone level design implants are usually preferred if a natural emergence profile is important. The gingival biotype had been identified as a significant factor in the stability of crestal bone.

AIM

The aim of the current study is to analyze the gingival biotype and crestal bone in implants placed in anterior maxilla.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

retrospective study was conducted using the case records of patients in University Hospital. Data on the gingival biotype and crestal bone loss in implants placed in anterior maxilla were collected (sample size = 96 patients) and analyzed for association with age and gender by descriptive statistics and chi-square association.

RESULTS

In thick gingival biotype 59.3% of the cases showed no crestal bone loss and 5.2% of the patients showed only 1 mm of bone loss, but in case of thin gingival biotype, 16.6% of patients had 1 mm of bone loss, 5.2% of them has 2 mm of bone loss, and 1% of them had bone loss of 3 mm and above, with a significant p value of 0.02 (less than 0.05) showing a strong association between gingival biotype and crestal bone loss around implants.

CONCLUSION

It can be concluded that there exists a significant association between gingival biotype and crestal bone loss around implants placed in anterior maxilla.

Assessment of anterior open bite prevalence in children visiting a dental hospital - A retrospective evaluation

Anterior open bite (AOB) is the insufficient vertical overlapping between the maxillary and mandibular anteriors when the teeth are in centric occlusion. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of AOB in children and adolescents who visited a private dental hospital. In this study, subjects aged between 16 and 18 years with AOB were included. Data about orthodontic examination of patients were taken from preentered dental records of the hospital. Data of patients with AOB regarding age, gender, and intraoral and extraoral features were collected from the case records of the subjects, and statistical analysis was performed (Chi-square test and nonparametric correlations). The prevalence percentage of open bite in the anteriors was 2.7%, with more prevalence in Class 1 subjects (81.5%). Subjects with AOB had competent lips (81.8%), straight nasolabial angle (86.8%), and shallow palatal vault (49.5%). AOB had no significant relationship with the type of malocclusion, palatal vault, and lip competency, according to the Chi-square test. AOB and the nasolabial angle had a significant association. Both acute and right-angled nasolabial angles were commonly seen in adolescent patients with AOB. In children and adolescents visiting a private dental hospital in Chennai, the prevalence of AOB was found to be 2.7%. A significant association was observed between AOB and nasolabial angle.

ESIPT geometrical isomers with distinct mechanofluorochromism and intra/intermolecular H-bonding controlled tunable fluorescence

Integrating intramolecular H-bonding functionality in organic fluorophore produces excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism facilitated large Stokes shifted fluorescent materials. The tunable and environmental sensitive fluorescence of ESIPT molecules...

Red Tea Mediated Synthesis and Characterisation of Copper Nanoparticles

Background: The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is a lively area of education and, more importantly, “application research” in nanotechnology. A wide range of chemical and physical procedures might be used for synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. However, these methods are swarming with many problems including use of toxic solvents, generation of hazardous by-products, and high energy consumption. Accordingly, there's a vital need to develop environmentally benign procedures for synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. A promising approach to realize this objective is to take advantage of the wide array of biological resources in nature. Indeed, over the past several years, plants, algae, fungi, bacteria, and viruses have been used for production of low-cost, energy-efficient, and nontoxic metallic nanoparticles. Aim: The aim of the current study was to synthesise and characterize the copper Nanoparticles mediated with red tea. Materials and Methods: ​The green synthesis of the copper Nanoparticles was done using red tea. Morphological characters like the shape and size of the obtained copper nanoparticles were done by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: The results confirmed that the synthesised red tea mediated nanoparticles are eco-friendly, good and non toxic. TEM images showed that the copper nanoparticles were well dispersed, crystalline in nature. Copper nanoparticles are spherical in nature. The particles size was ranging from 40 to 90 nm, The TEM image shows that nanoparticles are not combined but are separated by equal interspace between the particles, which was confirmed by microscopy visualising under the higher resolution. Conclusion: ​In this study, a simple, biological and low-cost approach was done for the preparation of copper nanoparticles using red tea extract. Thus the green synthesized copper nanoparticles can be subjected to the various other biological activities to test their biological efficiency and can be a pioneering step towards the shift to eco friendly medicine.

To Assess the Level of Salivary Calcium after the Consumption of Carbonated Soft Drinks

Diet is a major etiological factor for enamel erosion and dental caries. The proportionality of dental caries increases with the increase in duration of food in the oral cavity. This study was undertaken with the aim of assessing the level of salivary calcium with the consumption of beverages. Major chemical constituents of beverages include, carbohydrates, sweeteners, acids (pH-2.5 to 3.5) phenolic compounds, steroids, nitrogen compounds, ethanol (for alcoholic beverages) and carbon dioxide (for carbonated soft drinks). The presence of carbon in the soft drinks reduces the pH leading to demineralisation and erosion of enamel layer when consumed. The sugars and carbon present in the soft drinks are responsible for dissolution of enamel. Thus the aim of the current study is to analyse the effect of carbonated soft drinks on salivary calcium level. In this study 25 subjects were selected. All were given 200ml of carbonated soft drinks immediately after opening the soft drinks bottle to avoid cessation of carbon dioxide. The level of salivary calcium is measured and analysed by paired sampling using a commercially available analyser kit and the results were statistically analysed, compared and interpreted. There is an increase in the salivary calcium level after the consumption of carbonated soft drinks because of its acidic ph and sugar content. The acidic environment causes demineralisation of the enamel making the enamel brittle and weaker. From this Study, it can be verified that the level of calcium in the saliva increases due to the action of the carbon and sucrose present in the soft drinks on the enamel. This can be verified with the significant p value (p<0.005).

Bioconjugated gold nanoparticles as an efficient colorimetric sensor for cancer diagnostics

The chances of curing and reducing the adverse effect of cancer partly lie in early detection. Colorimetric sensor-based technique show promising results since the target is detected with high sensitivity but without the use of advanced/costly techniques through a simple visual color change. In most cases, gold nanoparticles (Au Nps) functionalized with biomolecules complementary to target analyte are used for colorimetric detection. The interaction of functionalized Au Nps with target analytes induce aggregation or dispersion where the color of the solution changes from red to blue or blue to red respectively, which can be visualized by the naked eyes. Such a facile technique has a high commercial viability and therefore, understanding its concept is essential. Here, some of the reported studies are discussed technically for better understanding about the invitro colorimetric detection of cancer.